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Jumanos Pueblos
The Jumanos Pueblos were several villages of the Tompiro Indians in the mountainous area of central New Mexico between Chupadera Mesa and the Gallinas National Forest, Gallinas Mountains including Pueblo Colorado, Pueblo Blanco (Tabirá), and the smaller Pueblo de la Mesa (LA 2091). Usually the group includes the addition of Gran Quivira and Pueblo Pardo. They were separated from the rest of the larger Salinas Pueblo group (Tenabó, Abó, Quarai, Tajique and Chilili) which lie north of Chupadera Mesa. The Jumanos Pueblos were a center of the salt trade prior to the Spanish incursion into the region and traded heavily with the Jumanos to the south in the area of modern Presidio, Texas and other central Rio Grande areas. They may have also traded with Jumanos along the Pecos River and other places to the east and maybe even north. The pueblo inhabitants crafted colorful, high quality ceramics, which they used and traded. They subsisted primarily on agricultural crops (corn, beans, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tompiro Indians
The Tompiro Indians were Pueblo Indians living in New Mexico. They lived in several adobe villages east of the Rio Grande Valley in the Salinas region of New Mexico. Their settlements were abandoned and they were absorbed into other Pueblo Nations in the 1670s. Origin and language Very little is known about the origin of the Tompiros. They spoke a language closely related to that of the Piro Pueblo, Piro Indians who lived to their west in the Rio Grande Valley. The Piro and Tompiro languages are believed by most authorities to belong to the Tanoan language family. In the 16th century, the Tompiro lived in nine settlements in the Salinas clustered around the present day town of Mountainair, New Mexico, Mountainair. Those whose ruins are preserved today are Quarai, Abo (historic place), Abó, and Gran Quivira which today make up the Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument. The ruin known as Gran Quivira today but during Spanish Empire, Spanish times as Las Humanas – was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Mexico
New Mexico is a state in the Southwestern United States, Southwestern region of the United States. It is one of the Mountain States of the southern Rocky Mountains, sharing the Four Corners region with Utah, Colorado, and Arizona. It also borders the state of Texas to the east and southeast, Oklahoma to the northeast, and shares Mexico-United States border, an international border with the Mexican states of Chihuahua (state), Chihuahua and Sonora to the south. New Mexico's largest city is Albuquerque, and its List of capitals in the United States, state capital is Santa Fe, New Mexico, Santa Fe, the oldest state capital in the U.S., founded in 1610 as the government seat of Santa Fe de Nuevo México, Nuevo México in New Spain. It also has the highest elevation of any state capital, at . New Mexico is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, fifth-largest of the fifty states by area, but with just over 2.1 million residents, ranks List of U.S. states and terri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallinas National Forest
Gallinas National Forest was established as the Gallinas Forest Reserve by the U.S. Forest Service on November 5, 1906 to protect of land in the Gallinas Mountains NW of Corona, New Mexico. The area became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 2, 1908 the area was transferred to Lincoln National Forest, a forest area SE of Corona. ( website) Text from Davis, Richard C., ed. Encyclopedia of American Forest and Conservation History. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company for the Forest History Society, 1983. Vol. II, pp. 743-788 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gran Quivira
Gran Quivira, also known as Las Humanas, was one of the Jumanos Pueblos of the Tompiro Indians in the mountainous area of central New Mexico. It was a center of the salt trade prior to the Spanish incursion into the region and traded heavily to the south with the Jumanos of the area of modern Presidio, Texas and other central Rio Grande areas. Its ruins are now part of Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument. History Beginning around A.D. 800 a sedentary native population settled here building pithouses. Archeological evidence indicates that by A.D. 1300, the area overlooking the southern Estancia Basin was inhabited by Tompiro-speaking peoples who built with the culturally distinct pueblo masonry architecture. From about A.D. 1000 to the 1600s, Gran Quivira, along with the other Jumanos Pueblos to the east and the other Salinas Pueblos to the north (Tenabó, Abó, Quarai, Tajique and Chilili) was a major trade center between the Great Plains, the Pacific Coast, and the Gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academia
An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded approximately 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom and Skills, skill, north of Ancient Athens, Athens, Greece. The Royal Spanish Academy defines academy as scientific, literary or artistic society established with public authority and as a teaching establishment, public or private, of a professional, artistic, technical or simply practical nature. Etymology The word comes from the ''Academy'' in ancient Greece, which derives from the Athenian hero, ''Akademos''. Outside the city walls of Athens, the Gymnasium (ancient Greece), gymnasium was made famous by Plato as a center of learning. The sacred space, dedicated to the goddess of wisdom, Athena, had formerly been an olive Grove (nature), grove, hence the expression "the groves of Academe". In these gardens, the philos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jumanos
The Jumanos were a tribe or several tribes, who inhabited a large area of western Texas, New Mexico, and northern Mexico, especially near the Junta de los Rios region with its large settled Indigenous population. They lived in the Big Bend area in the mountain and basin region. Spanish explorers first recorded encounters with the Jumano in 1581. Later expeditions noted them in a broad area of the Southwest and the Southern Plains. The last historical reference was in a 19th-century oral history, but their population had already declined by the early 18th century. Scholars have generally argued that the Jumanos disappeared as a distinct people by 1750 due to infectious disease, the slave trade, and warfare, with remnants absorbed by the Apache or Comanche. Frederick Webb Hodge proposed that they merged into the Wichita people, having morphed first to be known as the Tawehash, considered a division of the Wichita. Name Variant spellings of the name attested in Spanish documents ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presidio, Texas
Presidio is a city in Presidio County, Texas, United States. It is situated on the Rio Grande (''Río Bravo del Norte'') River, on the opposite side of the U.S.–Mexico border from Ojinaga, Chihuahua. The name originates from Spanish and means "fortress". The population was 3,264 at the 2020 census. Presidio is on the Farm to Market Road 170, and U.S. Route 67, south of Shafter in Presidio County. Presidio is approximately southeast of El Paso, southwest of Odessa, and northeast of Chihuahua City. History The junction of the Rio Conchos and Rio Grande at Presidio was settled thousands of years ago by hunting and gathering peoples. By 1200 CE, the local Native Americans had adopted agriculture and lived in small, closely knit, La Junta Indians settlements, which the Spaniards later called ''pueblos''. The first Spaniards came to Presidio in 1535. Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions stopped at the Native American pueblo, placed a cross on the moun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apache
The Apache ( ) are several Southern Athabaskan language-speaking peoples of the Southwestern United States, Southwest, the Southern Plains and Northern Mexico. They are linguistically related to the Navajo. They migrated from the Athabascan homelands in the north into the Southwest between 1000 and 1500 CE. Apache bands include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla Apache, Jicarilla, Lipan Apache people, Lipan, Mescalero, Mimbreño Apache, Mimbreño, Salinero Apaches, Salinero, Plains Apache, Plains, and Western Apache (San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation, Aravaipa, Pinaleño Mountains, Pinaleño, Fort Apache Indian Reservation, Coyotero, and Tonto Apache, Tonto). Today, Apache tribes and Indian reservation, reservations are headquartered in Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma, while in Mexico the Apache are settled in Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila and areas of Tamaulipas. Each Native American tribe, tribe is politically autonomous. Historically, the Apache homelands have consisted of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
