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Jules Gros (journalist)
Jules Gros (; 3 March 1829 – 30 July 1891) was a French journalist and Secretary of the Société de géographie. He became the President of the unrecognised Republic of Independent Guyana in South America in May 1887, but was deposed in September 1887. Biography Gros was born Jean Jules Gros on 16 March 1829 in Montluel, France. Gros became a journalist who specialized in geographical subjects. He wrote for the newspaper '' Le Petit Journal'', and the magazines '' Le Tour du Monde'' and ''Le Journal des Voyages'' among others. He was a member of the Société de géographie and had served as the Secretary for the organisation. Republic of Independent Guiana The borders between French Guiana and Brazil were not clear, and it was decided that the area between the Amazon and the Oyapock River was a neutral territory. Paul Quartier who had visited the territory in 1883, returned in 1885 and had a meeting with the village chiefs of Cunani and Carsewenne (nowadays: Calçoene). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of Independent Guiana
The Republic of Independent Guiana (), commonly referred to by the name of the capital Counani (rendered "Cunani" in Portuguese), was a short-lived unrecognized state in South America. Republic (1886–1891) The borders between France and the Empire of Brazil were not clear. Attempts at negotiations failed, and in 1862, it was decided that the area between the Amazon and the Oyapock rivers was a neutral territory. Paul Quartier, who had previously visited the territory in 1883, returned in 1885 and had a meeting with the village chiefs of Counani and Carsewenne (nowadays: Calçoene) who were hostile to the Brazilians. Quartier signed a treaty on 23 July 1886, creating the country of ''Counani'' in the disputed area. A government was set up in Counani led by Jules Gros as President, Guigues as Minister of State and Quartier as Quartermaster. They set about recruiting settlers, and according to ''Le Gaulois'', received over 3,000 requests. Both France and Brazil did not like wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th Century In French Guiana
19 (nineteen) is the natural number following 18 and preceding 20. It is a prime number. Mathematics Nineteen is the eighth prime number. Number theory 19 forms a twin prime with 17, a cousin prime with 23, and a sexy prime with 13. 19 is the fifth central trinomial coefficient, and the maximum number of fourth powers needed to sum up to any natural number (see, Waring's problem). It is the number of compositions of 8 into distinct parts. 19 is the eighth strictly non-palindromic number in any base, following 11 and preceding 47. 19 is also the second octahedral number, after 6, and the sixth Heegner number. In the Engel expansion of pi, 19 is the seventh term following and preceding . The sum of the first terms preceding 17 is in equivalence with 19, where its prime index (8) are the two previous members in the sequence. Prime properties 19 is the seventh Mersenne prime exponent. It is the second Keith number, and more specifically the first Keith prim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th Century In Brazil
This is a timeline of Brazilian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Brazil and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Brazil Before the arrival of the Europeans, the lands that now constitute Brazil were occupied, fought over and settled by diverse tribes. Thus, the history of Brazil begins with the indigenous people in Brazil. The Portuguese arrived to the land tha .... Centuries: 10th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st 10th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 21st century See also * Timeline of Amazon history * Timelines of cities in Brazil References Bibliography ;in English * * * * * * * * ;in Portuguese * . 1885? {{Brazil topics Brazilian * * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century French Politicians
The 19th century began on 1 January 1801 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 (MCM). It was the 9th century of the 2nd millennium. It was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanded beyond its British homeland for the first time during the 19th century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, France, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Catholic Church, in response to the growing influence and power of modernism, secularism and materialism, formed the First Vatican Council in the late 19th century to deal with such problems and confirm ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heads Of State Of States With Limited Recognition
A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Some very simple animals may not have a head, but many bilaterally symmetric forms do, regardless of size. Heads develop in animals by an evolutionary trend known as cephalization. In bilaterally symmetrical animals, nervous tissue concentrate at the anterior region, forming structures responsible for information processing. Through biological evolution, sense organs and feeding structures also concentrate into the anterior region; these collectively form the head. Human head The human head is an anatomical unit that consists of the skull, hyoid bone and cervical vertebrae. The skull consists of the brain case which encloses the cranial cavity, and the facial skeleton, which includes the mandible. There are eight bones in the brain case and fourteen in the fac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Montluel
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1891 Deaths
Events January * January 1 ** A strike of 500 Hungarian steel workers occurs; 3,000 men are out of work as a consequence. **Germany takes formal possession of its new African territories. * January 4 – The Earl of Zetland issues a declaration regarding the famine in the western counties of Ireland. * January 5 **The Australian shearers' strike, that leads indirectly to the foundation of the Australian Labor Party, begins. **A fight between the United States and Lakotas breaks out near Pine Ridge agency. **A fight between railway strikers and police breaks out at Motherwell, Scotland. * January 7 ** General Miles' forces surround the Lakota in the Pine Ridge Reservation. ** The Inter-American Monetary Commission meets in Washington DC. * January 9 – The great shoe strike in Rochester, New York is called off. * January 10 – in France, the Irish Nationalist leaders hold a conference at Boulogne. The French government promptly takes loan. * J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1829 Births
Events January–March * January 19 – Ernst August Friedrich Klingemann, August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's ''Goethe's Faust, Faust'' premieres in Braunschweig. * February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. * March 11 – German composer Felix Mendelssohn conducts the first performance of Johann Sebastian Bach's ''St Matthew Passion'' since the latter's death in 1750, in Berlin; the success of this performance sparks a revival of interest in Bach. * March 21 – The bloodless Wellington–Winchilsea duel takes place at Battersea near London * March 22 – Greece receives autonomy from the Ottoman Empire in the London Protocol (1829), London Protocol, signed by Russian Empire, Russia, France and Britain, effectively ending the Greek War of Independence. Greece continues to seek full independence through diplomatic negotiations with the three Great Powers. * March 31 – Pope Pius VIII succeeds Pope Leo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolphe Brezet
Adolphe Brezet was a French military officer who proclaimed himself as the President of the Free State of Counani in South America from 1904 to 1912. Brezet was a mysterious figure who fought against the British in the Boer Wars of South Africa in the late 19th century before arriving in South America, and the Boer Republics had diplomatic relations with Brezet as a result. According to contemporary sources, Counani consisted of a group of European adventurers that settled in a remote part of what is now the Brazilian state of Amapá. In order to boost speculation for investments, the men of Counani built fifty miles of railway tracks that led nowhere and had no trains running on them. The ultimate fate of Brezet is entirely unknown, and Counani ceased to exist around the year 1912. It was ultimately a failed business venture, and never achieved recognized independence, or even much attention from Brazil. See also *Republic of Independent Guyana The Republic of Independent G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Guiana
British Guiana was a British colony, part of the mainland British West Indies. It was located on the northern coast of South America. Since 1966 it has been known as the independent nation of Guyana. The first known Europeans to encounter Guiana were Sir Walter Raleigh, an English explorer, and his crew. Raleigh published a book entitled ''The Discovery of Guiana'', but this mainly relates to the Guayana natural region, Guayana region of Venezuela. The Dutch Empire, Dutch were the first Europeans to settle there, starting in the early 17th century. They founded the colonies of Essequibo (colony), Essequibo and Berbice, adding Demerara in the mid-18th century. In 1796, Great Britain took over these three colonies during hostilities with the French, who had occupied the Netherlands. Britain returned control of the territory to the Batavian Republic in 1802, but captured the colonies a year later during the Napoleonic Wars. The Netherlands officially ceded the colonies to the Uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calçoene
Calçoene () is a municipality located in the east of the state of Amapá in Brazil. It is located on the Atlantic Ocean in the Amazon jungle basin near French Guiana. Calçoene covers and has a population is 11,306. The name Calçoene is a corruption of "Calço N" (North Wedge, one of four mining zones defined by the Brazilian Government at the beginning of the 20th century). The city has the highest rainfall of any in Brazil, with an annual average of . Calçoene is noted for its ancient megalithic observatory, often referred to as the "Amazon Stonehenge". History The borders between French Guiana and Brazil were not clear, and in the 19th century, it was decided that the area between the Amazon and the Oyapock River was a neutral territory. Paul Quartier had a meeting with the village chiefs of Cunani and Carsewenne (nowadays: Calçoene) in 1885. In 1886, the Republic of Independent Guiana was founded by a group of French adventurers and two village chiefs with Cunani as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
