Josephine Semmes
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Josephine Semmes
Josephine Semmes (1916–1998) was an American neuropsychologist. Semmes researched how touch and spatial orientation are processed in the brain and developed a pioneering hypothesis about differences between the right and left hemispheres. She also did early research demonstrating neuroplasticity in adult primates. In the course of her neuropsychological research, she co-developed a tactile sensitivity test, the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test, which was later used by clinicians for tracking the course of diseases including leprosy and diabetic neuropathy. Early life and education Semmes was born on November 2, 1916 in Hazlehurst, Mississippi. She received her Ph.D from Yale University in 1949. Career Research at Yerkes Semmes worked in the lab of Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts in Chicago. Semmes also worked with Karl Lashley at the Yerkes Laboratory of Primate Biology (originally associated with Yale) in Orange Park, Florida. She was among the various postdocs and g ...
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Esthesiometer
An esthesiometer (British spelling aesthesiometer) is a device for measuring the tactile sensitivity of the skin (or mouth, or eye, etc.). The measure of the degree of tactile sensitivity is called aesthesiometry. The device was invented by Edward Henry Sieveking. There are different types of aesthesiometers depending on their particular function. Two-point discrimination The simplest is a manual tool with adjustable points similar to a caliper. It can determine how short a distance between two impressions on the skin can be distinguished. To differentiate between two points and one point of equal area (the sum of the areas of the two points equals the area of the third point), Dr. Sidney Weinstein created the three-point esthesiometer. A scale on the instrument gives readings in millimeter gradients. Monofilaments Another type of manual aesthesiometer is used to test lower thresholds of touch or pain. The tool uses nylon monofilaments with varying calibrated diameters. The f ...
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