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Joseph E. Ibberson Conservation Area
Joseph E. Ibberson Conservation Area is a List of Pennsylvania state parks, Pennsylvania state park in Middle Paxton Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, Middle Paxton and Wayne Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, Wayne Townships, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania in the United States. It is dominated by large hardwood trees and offers opportunities for hiking, cross-country skiing and hunting. Environmental education programs are available. It is named after Joseph E. Ibberson, who donated the land for use as a conservation area on December 9, 1998. Joseph E. Ibberson Conservation Area is off Pennsylvania Route 225 on Peters Mountain (Pennsylvania), Peters Mountain. It was opened to the public in 2000. Conservation area A conservation area is different from a state park. Conservation areas have much less development on the lands than a state park. They are large tracts of land with few improvements, a lack of through roads and the recreational fa ...
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Dauphin County, Pennsylvania
Dauphin County (; Pennsylvania Dutch language, Pennsylvania Dutch: Daffin Kaundi) is a County (United States), county in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the population was 286,401. The county seat is Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania's state capital and ninth-most populous city. The county was created on March 4, 1785, from part of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Lancaster County and was named after Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France, the first son of Louis XVI of France, King Louis XVI. Dauphin County is included in the Harrisburg–Carlisle metropolitan statistical area, Harrisburg–Carlisle Metropolitan Statistical Area. Located within the county is Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station, site of the Three Mile Island accident, 1979 nuclear core meltdown. The nuclear power plant closed in 2019. The county is part of the South Central Pennsylvania, South Central region of the com ...
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Wayne County, Pennsylvania
Wayne County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The county's population was 51,155 at the 2020 census. The county seat is the Borough of Honesdale. The county was formed from part of Northampton County on March 21, 1798, and was named for the Revolutionary War General Anthony Wayne. The county is part of the Northeast Pennsylvania and Pocono Mountains region of the state. The Lehigh River, a tributary of the Delaware River, begins in southern Wayne County. Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Wayne County has a total area of , of which is land and (3.3%) is water. The terrain of the county is varied. In the wider northern half, the land is rugged along its border with New York State, while the southern portion tends to be swampier. Higher hills and mountains are predominantly found along the county's western edge, while lower ones are more common in the east, near the Delaware River. The middle section of Wayne County is a wide plain. The high ...
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Nyssa Sylvatica
''Nyssa sylvatica'', commonly known as tupelo, black tupelo, black gum or sour gum, is a medium-sized deciduous tree native to eastern North America from the coastal Northeastern United States and southern Ontario south to central Florida and eastern Texas, as well as Mexico. Names ''Nyssa sylvatica'' genus name, ''Nyssa'', refers to a Greek water nymph; the species epithet ''sylvatica'' refers to its woodland habitat. The species' common name, tupelo, is of Native American origin, coming from the Creek words ''ito'' "tree" and ''opilwa'' "swamp"; it was in use by the mid-18th century. While these trees are often known as simply " tupelo", the fuller name, black tupelo, helps distinguish it from the other species of the tupelo genus ''Nyssa'', some of which have overlapping ranges, such as water tupelo (''N. aquatica'') and swamp tupelo (''N. biflora''). The name "tupelo" is used primarily in the American South; northward and in Appalachia, the tree is more commo ...
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Hickory
Hickory is a common name for trees composing the genus ''Carya'', which includes 19 species accepted by ''Plants of the World Online''. Seven species are native to southeast Asia in China, Indochina, and northeastern India (Assam), and twelve are native to North America. A number of hickory species are used for their edible nuts or for their wood. Etymology The name "hickory" derives from a Native American languages, Native American word in an Algonquian languages, Algonquian language (perhaps Powhatan language, Powhatan). It is a shortening of ''pockerchicory'', ''pocohicora'', or a similar word, which may be the name for the hickory tree's nut, or may be a plant milk, milky drink made from such nuts. The genus name ''Carya'' is , ''káryon'', meaning "nut (fruit), nut". Description Hickories are temperate forest, temperate to tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, subtropical forest trees with pinnation, pinnately compound leaves and large nut (fruit), nuts. Most ...
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Virginia Pine
''Pinus virginiana'', the Virginia pine, scrub pine, Jersey pine, possum pine, is a medium-sized tree, often found on poorer soils from Long Island in southern New York (state), New York south through the Appalachian Mountains to western Tennessee and Alabama. The usual size range for this pine is 18–59 feet, but can grow larger under optimum conditions. The trunk can be as large as 20 inches diameter. This tree prefers well-drained loam or clay, but will also grow on very poor, sandy soil, where it remains small and stunted. The typical life span is 65 to 90 years. The short (4–8 cm), yellow-green needles are paired in Fascicle (botany), fascicles and are often twisted. Pinecones are 4–7 cm long and may persist on the tree for many years, often (though not always) releasing their seeds in the second year. In growth habit, some trees may be inclined with twisted trunks. This pine is useful for reforesting and provides nourishment for wildlife. Its other main use i ...
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Scarlet Oak
''Quercus coccinea'', the scarlet oak, is a deciduous tree in the red oak section ''Lobatae'' of the genus ''Quercus'', in the family Fagaceae. It is primarily distributed in the central and eastern United States. It occurs on dry, sandy, usually acidic soil. It is often an important canopy species in oak–heath forests. The scarlet oak is the official tree of Washington, D.C. Description ''Quercus coccinea'' is a medium to large deciduous tree growing to around with an open, rounded crown; the maximum height is approximately . The trunk diameter at breast height is typically It is a medium-size tree that grows fast and matures relatively early. It sets a deep growing taproot. The leaves are glossy green, long and broad, with seven lobes, and deep sinuses between the lobes. Each lobe has 3–7 bristle-tipped teeth. The leaf is hairless (unlike the related pin oak (''Q. palustris''), with tufts of pale orange-brown down where the lobe veins join the central vein). Th ...
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Quercus Velutina
''Quercus velutina'' (Latin 'velutina', "velvety") , the black oak, is a species of oak in the red oak group (''Quercus'' sect. ''Lobatae''), native and widespread in eastern and central North America. It is sometimes called the eastern black oak. ''Quercus velutina'' was previously known as yellow oak due to the yellow pigment in its inner bark. It is a close relative of the California black oak (''Quercus kelloggii'') found in western North America. Description In the northern part of its range, ''Quercus velutina'' is a relatively small tree, reaching a height of and a diameter of , but it grows larger in the south and center of its range, where heights of up to are known. The leaves of the black oak are alternately arranged on the twig and are long with 5–7 bristle-tipped lobes separated by deep U-shaped notches. The upper surface of the leaf is a shiny deep green, and the lower is yellowish-brown. There are also stellate hairs on the underside of the leaf that grow in ...
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Quercus Rubra
''Quercus rubra'', the northern red oak, is an oak tree in the red oak group (''Quercus'' section ''Lobatae''). It is a native of North America, in the eastern and central United States and southeast and south-central Canada. It has been introduced to small areas in Western Europe, where it can frequently be seen cultivated in gardens and parks. It prefers good soil that is slightly acidic. Often simply called red oak, northern red oak is so named to distinguish it from southern red oak (''Q. falcata''), also known as the Spanish oak. Northern red oak is sometimes called champion oak. Description In many forests, ''Quercus rubra'' grows straight and tall, to , exceptionally to tall, with a trunk of up to in diameter. Open-grown trees do not get as tall, but can develop a stouter trunk, up to in diameter. It has stout branches growing at right angles to the stem, forming a narrow round-topped head. Under optimal conditions and full sun, northern red oak is fast growing ...
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Chestnut Oak
''Quercus montana'', the chestnut oak, is a species of oak in the white oak group, ''Quercus'' sect. ''Quercus''. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is one of the most important ridgetop trees from southern Maine southwest to central Mississippi, with an outlying northwestern population in southern Michigan. It is also sometimes called rock oak because of its presence in montane and other rocky habitats. Description As a consequence of its dry habitat and ridgetop exposure, ''Quercus montana'' is not usually a large tree, typically growing to tall; specimens growing in better conditions can grow up to tall. It tends to have a similar spread of . A 10-year-old sapling grown in full sun will stand about tall. This species is often an important canopy species in an oak-heath forest. It is readily identified by its massively-ridged dark gray-brown bark, the thickest of any eastern North American oak. The leaves are long and broad, shallowly lobed with 10� ...
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Coniferous
Conifers () are a group of conifer cone, cone-bearing Spermatophyte, seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the phylum, division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class (biology), class, Pinopsida. All Neontology, extant conifers are perennial plant, perennial woody plants with secondary growth. The majority are trees, though a few are shrubs. Examples include Cedrus, cedars, Pseudotsuga, Douglas-firs, Cupressaceae, cypresses, firs, junipers, Agathis, kauri, larches, pines, Tsuga, hemlocks, Sequoioideae, redwoods, spruces, and Taxaceae, yews.Campbell, Reece, "Phylum Coniferophyta". ''Biology''. 7th ed. 2005. Print. p. 595. As of 2002, Pinophyta contained seven families, 60 to 65 genera, and more than 600 living species. Although the total number of species is relatively small, conifers are ecology, ecologically important. They are the dominant plants over large areas of land, most notably ...
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Eastern Hemlock
''Tsuga canadensis'', also known as eastern hemlock, eastern hemlock-spruce, or Canadian hemlock, and in the French-speaking regions of Canada as ''pruche du Canada'', is a coniferous tree native to eastern North America. It is the state tree of Pennsylvania. Eastern hemlocks are widespread throughout much of the Great Lakes region, the Appalachian Mountains, the Northeastern United States, and Maritime Canada. They have been introduced in the United Kingdom and mainland Europe, where they are used as ornamental trees. Eastern hemlock populations in North America are threatened in much of their range by the spread of the invasive Hemlock woolly adelgid, which infests and eventually kills trees. Declines in population from hemlock wooly adelgid infestation have led to ''Tsuga canadensis'' being listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List. Eastern hemlocks are long lived trees, with many examples living for more than 500 years. They can grow to heights of more than , and are to ...
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