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John T. McManus
John Thomas McManus (1904 – November 1961) was an American journalist active in progressive politics in the 1950s and 1960s best known as co-founder of the ''National Guardian'', a left-leaning newspaper. Background John Thomas McManus was born in 1904 in New York City. During the 1930s, McManus took off time from work to obtain a B.A. from Marietta College in Ohio. Career In 1927, McManus started to work for ''The New York Times'' as a copy boy, police reporter, writer on bridge, and movie reviewer. In 1937, McManus resigned from the '' Times'' to join the staff of ''Time'' magazine as radio critic. In 1940, William Saroyan lists him among "contributing editors" at ''Time'' in the play, ''Love's Old Sweet Song''. In the 1940s, McManus resigned to join the staff of ''PM'', a left-of-center New York City daily. In the postwar period, McManus was actively involved in electoral politics. In 1948, he served on the national committee of the Progressive Party in support of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journalist
A journalist is a person who gathers information in the form of text, audio or pictures, processes it into a newsworthy form and disseminates it to the public. This is called journalism. Roles Journalists can work in broadcast, print, advertising, or public relations personnel. Depending on the form of journalism, "journalist" may also describe various categories of people by the roles they play in the process. These include reporters, correspondents, citizen journalists, Editorial board, editors, Editorial board, editorial writers, columnists, and photojournalists. A reporter is a type of journalist who researches, writes and reports on information in order to present using source (journalism), sources. This may entail conducting interviews, information-gathering and/or writing articles. Reporters may split their time between working in a newsroom, from home or outside to witness events or interview people. Reporters may be assigned a specific Beat reporting, beat (area of cov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York State Election, 1954
The 1954 New York state election was held on November 2, 1954, to elect the governor, the lieutenant governor, the state comptroller, the attorney general, the chief judge and three associate judges of the New York Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate. Background This was the first election in which the voters were required to cast a single joint vote for governor and lieutenant governor, following the amendment to the State Constitution in 1953. Chief Judge Edmund H. Lewis would reach the constitutional age limit of 70 years at the end of the year. He was elected in 1953, and John Van Voorhis was re-appointed on January 1, 1954, to the seat vacated by Lewis, to fill the vacancy temporarily. Albert Conway and Charles S. Desmond had been elected to the Court of Appeals in 1940, thus their 14-year terms would expire at the end of the year. Nominations The Socialist Workers nominated David L. Weiss, electronic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fifth Amendment To The United States Constitution
The Fifth Amendment (Amendment V) to the United States Constitution creates several constitutional rights, limiting governmental powers focusing on United States constitutional criminal procedure, criminal procedures. It was ratified, along with nine other amendments, in 1791 as part of the United States Bill of Rights, Bill of Rights. The Supreme Court of the United States, Supreme Court has extended most, but not all, rights of the Fifth Amendment to the state and local levels. This means that neither the federal, state, nor local governments may deny people rights protected by the Fifth Amendment. The Court furthered most protections of this amendment through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Fourteenth Amendment. One provision of the Fifth Amendment requires that most felony, felonies be tried only upon indictment#United States, indictment by a Grand juries in the United States, grand jury, which the Court ruled does not app ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winston Burdett
Winston Burdett (December 12, 1913 – May 19, 1993) was an American broadcast journalist and correspondent for the CBS Radio Network during World War II and later for CBS television news. During the war he became a member of Edward R. Murrow's team of war correspondents known as the Murrow Boys. From 1937 to 1942 Burdett was involved with the Communist Party. He testified before the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee in 1955, detailing his espionage work for the Soviet Union in Europe and naming dozens of other party members. Early life Winston Burdett was born December 12, 1913, in Buffalo, New York, where his father was a civil engineer.''Current Biography Yearbook'',Google Books link, H. W. Wilson Co., 1944, p. 88. Burdett attended Harvard University graduating ''summa cum laude'' in three years, leaving at age 19 in 1933. Burdett continued his education with graduate work in Romance languages at Columbia University.Bliss, Edward. ''Now the News: The Story of Broadc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party USA
The Communist Party USA (CPUSA), officially the Communist Party of the United States of America, also referred to as the American Communist Party mainly during the 20th century, is a communist party in the United States. It was established in 1919 in the wake of the Russian Revolution, emerging from the far-left wing of the Socialist Party of America (SPA). The CPUSA sought to establish socialism in the U.S. via the principles of Marxism–Leninism, aligning itself with the Communist International (Comintern), which was controlled by the Soviet Union. The CPUSA's early years were marked by factional struggles and clandestine activities. The U.S. government viewed the party as a subversive threat, leading to mass arrests and deportations in the Palmer Raids of 1919–1920. Despite this, the CPUSA expanded its influence, particularly among industrial workers, immigrants, and African Americans. In the 1920s, the party remained a small but militant force. During the Great Depres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Senate Internal Security Subcommittee
The United States Senate's Special Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws, 1951–77, known more commonly as the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee (SISS) and sometimes the McCarran Committee, was authorized by S. 366, approved December 21, 1950, to study and investigate (1) the administration, operation, and enforcement of the Internal Security Act of 1950 (, also known as the McCarran Act) and other laws relating to espionage, sabotage, and the protection of the internal security of the United States and (2) the extent, nature, and effects of Subversion (political), subversive activities in the United States "including, but not limited to, espionage, sabotage, and infiltration of persons who are or may be under the domination of the foreign government or organization controlling the world Communist movement or any movement seeking to overthrow the Government of the United States by force and violence". The re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Racial Equality
Racial equality is when people of all Race (human categorization), races and Ethnic group, ethnicities are treated in an egalitarian/equal manner. Racial equality occurs when institutions give individuals legal, moral, and Civil and political rights, political rights. In present-day Western world, Western society, equality among races continues to become normative. Prior to the early 1960s, attaining equality was difficult for Black people, African, Asian people, Asian, and Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Indigenous people. However, in more recent years, legislation is being passed ensuring that all individuals receive equal opportunities in treatment, education, employment, and other areas of life. Racial equality can refer to equal opportunities or Equal opportunity, formal equality based on race or refer to equal representation or equality of outcomes for races, also called substantive equality. Background American Civil War In 1860, a third of all people in the Southe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labor Movement
The labour movement is the collective organisation of working people to further their shared political and economic interests. It consists of the trade union or labour union movement, as well as political parties of labour. It can be considered an instance of class conflict. * In trade unions, workers campaign for higher wages, better working conditions and fair treatment from their employers, and through the implementation of labour laws, from their governments. They do this through collective bargaining, sectoral bargaining, and when needed, strike action. In some countries, co-determination gives representatives of workers seats on the board of directors of their employers. * Political parties representing the interests of workers campaign for labour rights, social security and the welfare state. They are usually called a labour party (in English-speaking countries), a social democratic party (in Germanic and Slavic countries), a socialist party (in Romance countr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
McCarthyism
McCarthyism is a political practice defined by the political repression and persecution of left-wing individuals and a Fear mongering, campaign spreading fear of communist and Soviet influence on American institutions and of Soviet espionage in the United States during the late 1940s through the 1950s, heavily associated with the Second Red Scare, also known as the McCarthy Era. After the mid-1950s, U.S. senator Joseph McCarthy, who had spearheaded the campaign, gradually lost his public popularity and credibility after several of his accusations were found to be false. The Warren Court, U.S. Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren made a series of rulings on civil and political rights that overturned several key laws and legislative directives, and helped bring an end to the Second Red Scare. Historians have suggested since the 1980s that as McCarthy's involvement was less central than that of others, a different and more accurate term should be used instead that more acc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cold War
The Cold War was a period of global Geopolitics, geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) and their respective allies, the capitalist Western Bloc and communist Eastern Bloc, which lasted from 1947 until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The term ''Cold war (term), cold war'' is used because there was no direct fighting between the two superpowers, though each supported opposing sides in regional conflicts known as proxy wars. In addition to the struggle for ideological and economic influence and an arms race in both conventional and Nuclear arms race, nuclear weapons, the Cold War was expressed through technological rivalries such as the Space Race, espionage, propaganda campaigns, Economic sanctions, embargoes, and sports diplomacy. After the end of World War II in 1945, during which the US and USSR had been allies, the USSR installed satellite state, satellite governments in its occupied territories in Eastern Europe and N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Aronson
James Aronson (1915–1988) was an American journalist. He founded the ''National Guardian''. He was a graduate of Harvard College and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism The Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism is located in Pulitzer Hall on the university's Morningside Heights campus in New York City. Founded in 1912 by Joseph Pulitzer, Columbia Journalism School is one of the oldest journalism sch .... Career Aronson, known as "Jim" to his friends, worked at several publications prior to founding the ''National Guardian''. He worked on the staffs of the ''Boston Evening Transcript'', the ''New York Herald Tribune'', the ''New York Post'' and ''The New York Times'' from 1946 to 1948. Aronson founded the National Guardian in 1949 with John T. McManus and Cedric Belfrage. It continued publishing until 1992. Aronson also worked as a professor at Hunter College of the City University of New York. In 1981 he was invited to mainland China to teac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent-Socialist
John Thomas McManus (1904 – November 1961) was an American journalist active in progressive politics in the 1950s and 1960s best known as co-founder of the ''National Guardian'', a left-leaning newspaper. Background John Thomas McManus was born in 1904 in New York City. During the 1930s, McManus took off time from work to obtain a B.A. from Marietta College in Ohio. Career In 1927, McManus started to work for ''The New York Times'' as a copy boy, police reporter, writer on bridge, and movie reviewer. In 1937, McManus resigned from the '' Times'' to join the staff of ''Time'' magazine as radio critic. In 1940, William Saroyan lists him among "contributing editors" at ''Time'' in the play, ''Love's Old Sweet Song''. In the 1940s, McManus resigned to join the staff of ''PM'', a left-of-center New York City daily. In the postwar period, McManus was actively involved in electoral politics. In 1948, he served on the national committee of the Progressive Party in support of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
