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John Jolliffe (of Petersfield)
John Jolliffe (bapt. 31 July 1696''England, Select Births and Christenings, 1538-1975'' – 31 January 1771) was an English politician. He established his family's political control of the pocket borough of borough of Petersfield in Hampshire, and sat for the town in the House of Commons for a total of 30 years. Early life and family Jolliffe was the third son of Benjamin Jolliffe of Cofton Hall, Worcestershire. His mother, Mary, was a daughter of the London merchant John Jolliffe, and a sister of Sir William Jolliffe. He was educated at Westminster School and at University College, Oxford then at the Middle Temple and the Inner Temple. In March 1731 he married Catherine Michell, daughter and heir of Robert Michell, a Member of Parliament (MP) for Petersfield. Catherine died in June 1731, and in 1744 Jolliffe married Mary, daughter and co-heir of Samuel Holden (a former MP for East Looe). They had 3 sons and 1 daughter: * William (1745–1802), who was MP for Petersfi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pocket Borough
A rotten or pocket borough, also known as a nomination borough or proprietorial borough, was a parliamentary borough or constituency in England, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom before the Reform Act 1832, which had a very small electorate and could be used by a patron to gain unrepresentative influence within the unreformed House of Commons. The same terms were used for similar boroughs represented in the 18th-century Parliament of Ireland. The Reform Act 1832 abolished the majority of these rotten and pocket boroughs. Background A parliamentary borough was a town or former town that had been incorporated under a royal charter, giving it the right to send two elected burgesses as Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons. It was not unusual for the physical boundary of the settlement to change as the town developed or contracted over time, for example due to changes in its trade and industry, so that the boundaries of the parliamentary borough and of the ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Waterloo
The Battle of Waterloo was fought on Sunday 18 June 1815, near Waterloo (at that time in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, now in Belgium). A French army under the command of Napoleon was defeated by two of the armies of the Seventh Coalition. One of these was a British-led coalition consisting of units from the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Hanover, Brunswick, and Nassau, under the command of the Duke of Wellington (referred to by many authors as ''the Anglo-allied army'' or ''Wellington's army''). The other was composed of three corps of the Prussian army under the command of Field Marshal von Blücher (the fourth corps of this army fought at the Battle of Wavre on the same day). The battle marked the end of the Napoleonic Wars. The battle was contemporaneously known as the Battle of Mont Saint-Jean (France) or La Belle Alliance ("the Beautiful Alliance" – Prussia). Upon Napoleon's return to power in March 1815, many states that had previously opposed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Pennant, 1st Baron Penrhyn
Richard Pennant, 1st Baron Penrhyn (1737 – 21 January 1808), was a Welsh politician and nobleman who served as an MP in the British Parliament, representing Petersfield and Liverpool for 29 years between 1761 and 1790. He was the owner of Penrhyn Castle, an estate on the outskirts on Bangor, North Wales. Pennant was also an absentee owner of six sugar plantations and slaves in Jamaica. In Parliament, Pennant was a staunch proslavery advocate who opposed the abolitionist movement. In Wales, Pennant was a major figure in the development of the Welsh slate industry. He received an Irish peerage from King George III in 1783, and died in 1808, leaving his estates to George Hay Dawkins. Early life Pennant was the second son of John Pennant, a Liverpool-based merchant, and his wife Bonella Hodges, a wealthy heiress from the British colony of Jamaica. He was educated at Newcome's School in Hackney, and was admitted to Trinity College, Cambridge on 18 January 1754. Politic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1768 British General Election
The 1768 British general election returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 13th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. The election took place amid continuing shifts within politics which had occurred the accession of George III in 1760. The Tories who had long been in parliamentary opposition having not won an election since 1713 had disintegrated with its former parliamentarians gravitating between the various Whig factions, the Ministry, or continued political independence as a Country Gentleman. No Tory party existed at this point, though the label of Tory was occasionally used as a political insult by opposition groups against the government. Since the last general election the Whigs had lost cohesion and had split into various factions aligned with leading political figures. The leading figures around the period of the prior election, namely the Earl of Bute, the Duke o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1761 British General Election
The 1761 British general election returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 12th Parliament of Great Britain to be summoned, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. This was the first Parliament chosen after the accession to the throne of King George III. It was also the first election after George III had lifted the conventional proscription on the employment of Tories in government. The King prevented the Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, from using public money to fund the election of Whig candidates, but Newcastle instead simply used his private fortune to ensure that his ministry gained a comfortable majority. However, with the Tories disintegrating, as a result of the end of their proscription providing them with new opportunities for personal advancement, and the loyalty they felt to the new king causing them to drift apart, there was little incentive for Newcastle's supporters to stay together. What little ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir John Philipps, 6th Baronet
Sir John Philipps, 6th Baronet PC (c. 1701 – 22 June 1764) was a Welsh Jacobite politician. Sir John was the son of Sir John Philipps, 4th Baronet. He studied at Pembroke College, Oxford, and went on to Lincoln's Inn. In 1736 he was elected mayor of Haverfordwest and in 1741 he became MP for Carmarthen. In 1743, his elder brother, Sir Erasmus Philipps, 5th Baronet, was accidentally drowned, and Sir John inherited the baronetcy and Picton Castle. He gave up the Carmarthenshire seat in 1747, but re-entered Parliament as MP for Petersfield (1754–1761), and Pembrokeshire (1761–1764). In 1763 he became a privy counsellor. A patron of education, he founded several scholarships at his former Oxford college. Proposed by his elder brother, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1742. In 1725, he married Elizabeth, the daughter of Henry Shepherd of London, with whom he had a son and 3 daughters. Among the family's servants was Cesar Picton, a former slave fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Beckford (politician)
William Beckford (baptised 19 December 1709 – 21 June 1770) was a well-known political figure in 18th-century London, who twice held the office of Lord Mayor of London (1762 and 1769). His vast wealth came largely from his plantations in Jamaica and the large numbers of enslaved Africans working for him and his family. He was, and is, often referred to as Alderman Beckford to distinguish him from his son William Thomas Beckford, author and art collector, and from his nephew William Beckford of Somerley (1744–1799), author and planter. He was a supporter of liberty at home and championed the citizens of London upon being summoned to King George III with the City Remonstrance in 1770. Early life In 1709, William was born in the colony of Jamaica, the son of Peter Beckford, Speaker of the House of Assembly there, and the grandson of Colonel Peter Beckford, sometime Governor of the colony. He was sent to England by his family in 1723 to be educated. He studied at Westm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Gerard Hamilton
William Gerard Hamilton (28 January 172916 July 1796), was an English statesman and Irish politician, popularly known as "Single Speech Hamilton". Biography He was born in London, the son of William Hamilton, a Scottish bencher of Lincoln's Inn, and succeeded his father in 1754. He was educated at Winchester, Lincoln's Inn and Oriel College, Oxford. With his father's fortune he entered political life and became Member of Parliament for Petersfield in Hampshire. His maiden speech, delivered on 13 November 1755, during the debate on the address, which excited Walpole's admiration, is generally supposed to have been his only effort in the House of Commons. But the nickname "Single Speech" is undoubtedly misleading, and Hamilton is known to have spoken with success on other occasions, both in the House of Commons and in the Irish parliament. Political offices In 1756 he was appointed one of the commissioners for trade and plantations, and in 1761 he became chief secretary to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Conolly (died 1754)
William James Conolly (died 2 January 1754) was an Irish landowner and Whig politician who sat in the Irish House of Commons from 1727 to 1754 and in the British House of Commons from 1734 to 1754. Early life Conolly was a nephew of William Conolly, Speaker of the Irish House of Commons from 1715 to 1729, and was the son of Patrick Conolly, originally of County Donegal, younger brother of William. William and Patrick had fled to England from Ireland in 1688, but while William had returned, Patrick remained and married Frances Hewett, one of the children of Neale Hewett and Mary Halford of Dunton Bassett, Leicestershire. There were two children, William and his sister, and they grew up at Dunton Bassett until 1713 when their father died, having recently buried their mother. Career William became cursitor in the Court of Chancery (Ireland) in 1721. This reference refers to his uncle as Thomas, and states the number of daughters as four, and contains other inaccuracies. He was elec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis Fane Of Brympton
Francis Fane KC (c. 1698 – 28 May 1757) of Brympton d'Evercy, near Yeovil, Somerset, and later Wormsley, Oxfordshire was a Commissioner for Trade and the Plantations, and a British Member of Parliament. Early life Francis Fane was the eldest son of Henry Fane, a Bristol merchant. He was educated at King's College, Cambridge, graduating in 1715, after which he attended the Middle Temple and was called to the bar in 1721. As the eldest son he succeeded in 1726 to his father's estate. The next year he became a King's Counsellor and a Middle Temple bencher. He was appointed standing council to the Board of Trade and Plantations in 1725, a position he held until 1746. In 1731 he bought the estate at Brympton d'Evercy from the Receiver General. Parliamentary career He initially represented Taunton in Somersetshire in the parliament which first sat for business on 27 January 1728 ( N.S.). He also represented the same seat in the parliament summoned to meet on 13 June 1734 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1754 British General Election
The 1754 British general election returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 11th Parliament of Great Britain to be summoned, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. Owing to the extensive corruption and the Duke of Newcastle's personal influence in the pocket boroughs, the government was returned to office with a working majority. The old parties had disappeared almost completely by this stage; anyone with reasonable hopes of achieving office called himself a 'Whig', although the term had lost most of its original meaning. While 'Tory' and 'Whig' were still used to refer to particular political leanings and tendencies, parties in the old sense were no longer relevant except in a small minority of constituencies, such as Oxfordshire, with most elections being fought on local issues and the holders of political power being determined by the shifting allegiance of factions and aristocratic families rather than the stren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1741 British General Election
The 1741 British general election returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 9th Parliament of Great Britain to be summoned, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. The election saw support for the government party increase in the quasi-democratic constituencies which were decided by popular vote, but the Whigs lost control of a number of rotten and pocket boroughs, partly as a result of the influence of the Prince of Wales, and were consequently re-elected with the barest of majorities in the Commons, Walpole's supporters only narrowly outnumbering his opponents. Partly as a result of the election, and also due to the crisis created by naval defeats in the war with Spain, Walpole was finally forced out of office on 11 February 1742, after his government was defeated in a motion of no confidence concerning a supposedly rigged by-election. His supporters were then able to reconcile partially with the Patriot Whigs to form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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