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Jimmy Steele (republican)
Jimmy Steele (8 August 1907 – 9 August 1970) was an Irish republican militant. He was one of the most prominent Irish Republican Army (IRA) men in Belfast after the Irish Civil War who held practically every senior position in the Northern Command of the IRA. Later in life Steele publicly denounced the leadership of the IRA which was a prelude to the split in the IRA (Official and Provisional Irish Republican Army). Steele founded and edited several Irish Republican publications. Steele spent a large portion of his life (20 years) in jails as a result of his actions against British security forces. Steele joined Fianna Éireann in 1920 during the Irish War of Independence and later went on to join the IRA. He was arrested in 1923 and again in 1924 and imprisoned in Crumlin Road Gaol. After his release in 1925, Steele helped in the re-organisation of the IRA's Belfast Brigade. In the summer of 1935 Steele led IRA units in the defense of Catholic homes during the Lancaster Stree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irish Republicanism
Irish republicanism () is the political movement for an Irish Republic, Irish republic, void of any British rule in Ireland, British rule. Throughout its centuries of existence, it has encompassed various tactics and identities, simultaneously elective and militant and has been both widely supported and iconoclastic. The Modern era, modern emergence of nationalism, democracy, and Classical radicalism, radicalism provided a basis for the movement, with groups forming across the island in hopes of independence. Parliamentary defeats provoked uprisings and armed campaigns, quashed by British forces. The Easter Rising, an attempted coup that took place in the midst of the First World War, provided popular support for the movement. An Irish republic was declared in 1916 and officialized following the Irish War of Independence. The Irish Civil War, beginning in 1922 and spurred by the Partition of Ireland, partition of the island, then occurred. Republican action, including armed cam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugh McAteer
Hugh McAteer (; 13 August 1916 – 24 June 1970) was a volunteer in, and leader of, the Irish Republican Army (IRA) during their Northern Campaign, and later in 1950 and 1964 unsuccessfully contested for a seat in the British Parliament. Biography Hugh McAteer's family came from northern Donegal, they suffered greatly during the Great Famine (Ireland). During the famine, McAteer's grandfather was the only survivor among six children. As a young boy McAteer joined Fianna Éireann, an Irish nationalist youth organization. He remembered that in 1928 his group was meeting in a field when the police surrounded the field and fired shots over the heads of the boys. At age 15 McAteer joined the Gaelic League and at age 16 the IRA . By 1935, Hugh McAteer was the Officer Commanding of the IRA's Derry Battalion. In July 1936 five members of the McAteer family were arrested in Derry on weapons and explosive charges. In order to save his family members from prosecution Hugh took full res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1950 United Kingdom General Election
The 1950 United Kingdom general election was the first to be held after a full term of a majority Labour Party (UK), Labour government. The general election was held on Thursday 23 February 1950, and was also the first to be held following the abolition of plural voting and university constituencies. The government's majority over the Conservative Party (UK), Conservative opposition shrank dramatically, and Labour was returned to power but with an overall majority significantly reduced from 146 to just 5. There was a sizeable swing towards the Conservatives, who gained 90 seats. Labour called another 1951 United Kingdom general election, general election the following year, which the Conservative Party won, returning Churchill to government after six years in opposition. Turnout increased to 83.9%, the highest turnout in a UK general election under universal suffrage, and representing an increase of more than 11% in comparison to 1945 United Kingdom general election, 1945. It wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
An Phoblacht
''An Phoblacht'' (Irish pronunciation: ; ) is a Sinn Féin-affiliated online Irish republicanism, Irish republican news platform which also publishes a quarterly print magazine format. Editorially the paper takes a Left-wing politics, left-wing position and was supportive of the Northern Ireland peace process. Along with covering Irish political and trade union issues the newspaper frequently featured interviews with celebrities, musicians, artists, intellectuals and international activists. History Earlier publications The original ''An Phoblacht'' was founded as the official organ of the Dungannon Clubs in Belfast in 1906 and its first edition was printed on 13 December 1906 under the English-language version of the title ''The Republic''. In the first edition, Bulmer Hobson, one of the founders of the Dungannon Clubs, set out their aims: A year later the paper merged with a Dublin publication called ''The Peasant''. However, the title ''An Phoblacht'' was again used fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerry Adams Sr
Gerry is both a surname and a masculine or feminine given name. As a given name, it is often a short form (hypocorism) of Gerard, Gerald or Geraldine. Notable people with the name include: Surname *Elbridge Gerry (1744–1814), fifth US vice president (1813–1814) after whom the term ''gerrymander'' was named ** Ann Gerry (1763–1849), wife of Elbridge *** Thomas Russell Gerry (1794–1848), son of Elbridge and Ann ****Elbridge Thomas Gerry (1837–1927), American lawyer and reformer, son of Thomas ***** Peter G. Gerry (1879–1957), U.S. Senator from Rhode Island, great grandson of Elbridge ****** Edith Stuyvesant Gerry (1873–1958), American philanthropist and wife of Peter ****** Elbridge T. Gerry Sr. (1908–1999), American banker and polo player, great-great grandson of the vice president ****** Robert L. Gerry Jr. (1911–1979), American polo player, brother of Elbridge Sr ******* Robert L. Gerry III (born 1937), American businessman, son of Robert L. Jr * Alan Gerry (bor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irish Republican
Irish republicanism () is the political movement for an Irish republic, void of any British rule. Throughout its centuries of existence, it has encompassed various tactics and identities, simultaneously elective and militant and has been both widely supported and iconoclastic. The modern emergence of nationalism, democracy, and radicalism provided a basis for the movement, with groups forming across the island in hopes of independence. Parliamentary defeats provoked uprisings and armed campaigns, quashed by British forces. The Easter Rising, an attempted coup that took place in the midst of the First World War, provided popular support for the movement. An Irish republic was declared in 1916 and officialized following the Irish War of Independence. The Irish Civil War, beginning in 1922 and spurred by the partition of the island, then occurred. Republican action, including armed campaigns, continued in the newly-formed state of Northern Ireland, a region of the United Kingdo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
S-Plan
The S-Plan or Sabotage Campaign or England Campaign was a campaign of bombing and sabotage against the civil, economic and military infrastructure of the United Kingdom from 1939 to 1940, conducted by members of the Irish Republican Army (IRA). It was conceived by Seamus O'Donovan in 1938 at the request of then IRA Chief of Staff Seán Russell. Russell and Joseph McGarrity are thought to have formulated the strategy in 1936. During the campaign there were 300 explosions/acts of sabotage, 10 deaths and 96 injuries. Immediate context Following a power struggle within the IRA during the mid-1930s, Seán Russell was reinstated to the IRA in April 1938 and elected to the IRA Army Council ''in absentia''. At a subsequent IRA General Army Convention, Russell and his supporters secured enough support to get a controlling majority vote within the Army Council and for Russell himself to be named Chief of Staff, the head of the organisation.English, p. 60 It was at this time that R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Authorities (Special Powers) Act (Northern Ireland) 1922
The Civil Authorities (Special Powers) Act (Northern Ireland) 1922 (12 & 13 Geo. 5. c. 5 (N.I.)), often referred to simply as the Special Powers Act and known as the "Flogging Act", was an act passed by the Parliament of Northern Ireland during the partition of Ireland and shortly after the establishment of Northern Ireland. The Act was renewed annually and in 1928 was renewed for five years and made permanent in 1933 and not repealed until 1973. Its sweeping powers made it highly controversial, and it was seen by much of the Irish nationalist community as a tool of Ulster unionist oppression. The Act was eventually repealed by the Northern Ireland (Emergency Provisions) Act 1973, following the abolition of Northern Ireland's parliament and the imposition of direct rule by the British government. Context of Act's passage At the start of the twentieth century, the people of Ireland were divided into two mutually hostile factions. The much larger group ( nationalists) were most ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Birching
Birching is a form of corporal punishment with a birch rod, typically used to strike the recipient's bare buttocks, although occasionally the back and/or shoulders. Implement A birch rod (often shortened to "birch") is a bundle of leafless twigs bound together to form an implement for administering corporal punishment. Contrary to what the name suggests, a birch rod is not a single rod and is not necessarily made from birch twigs, but can also be made from various other strong and smooth branches of trees or shrubs, such as willow. A ''hazel rod'' is particularly painful; a bundle of four or five hazel twigs was used in the 1960s and 1970s on the Isle of Man, the last jurisdiction in Europe to use birching as a judicial penalty. Another factor in the severity of a birch rod is its size—i.e. its length, weight and number of branches. In some penal institutions, several versions were in use, which were often given names. For example, in Dartmoor Prison the device used to pun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Of Staff Of The Irish Republican Army
Several people are reported to have served as Chief of Staff of the Irish Republican Army () in the organisations bearing that name. Due to the clandestine nature of these organisations, this list is not definitive. Chiefs of Staff of the Irish Republican Army (1917–1922) ''From this point on, this lineage diverts to Chief of Staff of the Defence Forces'' a. Chairman of the Resident Executive Chiefs of Staff of the (anti-Treaty) Irish Republican Army (1922–1969) At an IRA General Army Convention held at Knockvicar House in Boyle, County Roscommon in December 1969, the IRA split into two factions, the majority Official IRA and the minority Provisional IRA. Chiefs of Staff of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (1969–2005) a. Some noted Irish and British historians, including Ed Moloney, author of ''A Secret History of the IRA'', have claimed that Gerry Adams has been part of the IRA leadership. Adams has always denied IRA membership, let alone being chief ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proclamation Of The Irish Republic
The Proclamation of the Republic (), also known as the 1916 Proclamation or the Easter Proclamation, was a document issued by the Irish Volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army during the Easter Rising in Ireland, which began on 24 April 1916. In it, the Military Council of the Irish Republican Brotherhood, writing in English as the "Provisional Government of the Irish Republic," proclaimed Ireland's independence from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. The reading of the proclamation by Patrick Pearse outside the General Post Office, Dublin, General Post Office (GPO) on Sackville Street (now called O'Connell Street), Dublin's main thoroughfare, marked the beginning of the Rising. The proclamation was modelled on a similar independence proclamation issued during the 1803 rebellion by Robert Emmet. Principles of the proclamation Although the Rising failed in military terms, the principles of the Proclamation to varying degrees influenced the thinkin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
