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Jim Woodcock
James Charles Paul Woodcock is a British computer scientist. Woodcock gained his PhD from the University of Liverpool. Until 2001 he was Professor of Software Engineering at the Oxford University Computing Laboratory, where he was also a Fellow of Kellogg College. He then joined the University of Kent and is now based at the University of York, where, since October 2012, he has been head of the Department of Computer Science. His research interests include: strong software engineering, Grand Challenge in dependable systems evolution, unifying theories of programming, formal specification, refinement, concurrency, state-rich systems, mobile and reconfigurable processes, nanotechnology, Grand Challenge in the railway domain. He has a background in formal methods, especially the Z notation and CSP. Woodcock worked on applying the Z notation to the IBM CICS project, helping to gain a Queen's Award for Technological Achievement, and Mondex, helping to gain the highest ITSE ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of List of islands of the United Kingdom, the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering . Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. It maintains sovereignty over the British Overseas Territories, which are located across various oceans and seas globally. The UK had an estimated population of over 68.2 million people in 2023. The capital and largest city of both England and the UK is London. The cities o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Formal Specification
In computer science, formal specifications are mathematically based techniques whose purpose is to help with the implementation of systems and software. They are used to describe a system, to analyze its behavior, and to aid in its design by verifying key properties of interest through rigorous and effective reasoning tools. These specifications are ''formal'' in the sense that they have a syntax, their semantics fall within one domain, and they are able to be used to infer useful information. Motivation In each passing decade, computer systems have become increasingly more powerful and, as a result, they have become more impactful to society. Because of this, better techniques are needed to assist in the design and implementation of reliable software. Established engineering disciplines use mathematical analysis as the foundation of creating and validating product design. Formal specifications are one such way to achieve this in software engineering reliability as once predicted. O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Editor-in-chief
An editor-in-chief (EIC), also known as lead editor or chief editor, is a publication's editorial leader who has final responsibility for its operations and policies. The editor-in-chief heads all departments of the organization and is held accountable for delegating tasks to staff members and managing them. The term is often used at newspapers, magazines, yearbooks, and television news programs. The editor-in-chief is commonly the link between the publisher or proprietor and the editorial staff. Responsibilities Typical responsibilities of editors-in-chief include: * Ensuring that content is journalistically objective * Fact-checking, spelling, grammar, writing style, page design and photos * Rejecting writing that appears to be plagiarized, ghostwritten, published elsewhere, or of little interest to readers * Evaluating and editing content * Contributing editorial pieces * Motivating and developing editorial staff * Ensuring the final draft is complete * Handling reader compl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Formal Aspects Of Computing
''Formal Aspects of Computing'' (''FAC'') is a peer-reviewed Gold Open Access journal published by Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) and BCS (the British Computer Society, the Chartered Institute for IT). The journal is closely associated witFormal Methods Europe Origins A comment from Christopher Strachey inspired the journal:"Much of the practical work done in computing, both in software and hardware design, could be better because the people who do it need to understand the fundamental design principles of their work clearly. Most abstract mathematical and theoretical work is sterile because it has no point of contact with real computing."Strachey called for an end to the ''artificial and injurious'' separation of practical and theoretical work in programming. History ''Formal Aspects of Computing'' was founded in 1989 by the BCS in an initiative led by John Cooke, Dan Simpson, and Cliff Jones, all of whom were members of the BCS Formal Aspects of Computing speciali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ITSEC
The Information Technology Security Evaluation Criteria (ITSEC) is a structured set of criteria for evaluating computer security within products and systems. The ITSEC was first published in May 1990 in France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom based on existing work in their respective countries. Following extensive international review, Version 1.2 was subsequently published in June 1991 by the Commission of the European Communities for operational use within evaluation and certification schemes. Since the launch of the ITSEC in 1990, a number of other European countries have agreed to recognize the validity of ITSEC evaluations. The ITSEC has been largely replaced by Common Criteria, which provides similarly defined evaluation levels and implements the target of evaluation concept and the Security Target document. Concepts The product or system being evaluated, called the ''target of evaluation'', is subjected to a detailed examination of its security features cul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mondex
Mondex was a smart card electronic cash system, implemented as a stored-value card and owned by Mastercard. Pioneered by two bankers from NatWest in 1990, it was spun-off to a separate consortium later on, then sold to Mastercard. Mondex allowed users to use its electronic card as they would with cash, enabling peer-to-peer offline transfers between cards, which did not need any authorization, via Mondex ATMs, computer card readers, personal 'wallets' and specialized telephones. This offline nature of the system and other unique features made Mondex stand out from leading competitors at the time, such as Visa Cash, which was a closed system and was much closer in concept to a traditional payment cards' transactional operation. Mondex also allowed for a full-card locking mechanism, usage with multiple currencies within a single card, and a certain degree of user anonymity. Mondex cards were at some point common place in many universities at a certain point as they were mostly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen's Award For Technological Achievement
Queens is a borough of New York City. Queens or Queen's may also refer to: Arts and entertainment * Queens (group), a Polish musical group * "Queens" (song), a 2018 song by Saara Aalto * ''Queens'' (novel), by Stephen Pickles, 1984 * "Queens", a song by Caravan Palace from '' Panic'', 2012 * ''The Queens'', the third novel in a planned trilogy in the Ender's Game series * ''Queens'' (film), 2005 Spanish film * ''The Queens'' (2015 film), a Chinese romance film based on the novel of the same name * The Queens (2019 film), Canadian documentary film * ''Queens'' (American TV series), an American musical drama television series 2021–2022 * ''Queen's'' (TV series), 2007 * ''The Queens'' (TV series), a 2008 Chinese historical drama * '' Queens: The Virgin and the Martyr'', a Spanish and British historical drama television series * Queens (''Bluey''), an episode of the 2018 television series ''Bluey'' * Queen's Theatre (other) Places * Queens, West Virginia, U.S. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CICS
IBM CICS (Customer Information Control System) is a family of mixed-language application servers that provide online business transaction management, transaction management and connectivity for applications on IBM mainframe systems under z/OS and z/VSE. CICS family products are designed as middleware and support rapid, high-volume online transaction processing. A CICS ''transaction'' is a unit of processing initiated by a single request that may affect one or more objects. This processing is usually interactive (screen-oriented), but background transactions are possible. CICS Transaction Server (CICS TS) sits at the head of the CICS family and provides services that extend or replace the functions of the operating system. These services can be more efficient than the generalized operating system services and also simpler for programmers to use, particularly with respect to communication with diverse terminal devices. Applications developed for CICS may be written in a variet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prentice-Hall
Prentice Hall was a major American educational publisher. It published print and digital content for the 6–12 and higher-education market. It was an independent company throughout the bulk of the twentieth century. In its last few years it was owned by, then absorbed into, Savvas Learning Company. In the Web era, it distributed its technical titles through the Safari Books Online e-reference service for some years. History On October 13, 1913, law professor Charles Gerstenberg and his student Richard Ettinger founded Prentice Hall. Gerstenberg and Ettinger took their mothers' maiden names, Prentice and Hall, to name their new company. At the time the name was usually styled as Prentice-Hall (as seen for example on many title pages), per an orthographic norm for coordinate elements within such compounds (compare also ''McGraw-Hill'' with later styling as ''McGraw Hill''). Prentice-Hall became known as a publisher of trade books by authors such as Norman Vincent Peale; ele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jim Davies (computer Scientist)
Jim Davies is Professor of Software Engineering and current Director of the Software Engineering Programme at the University of Oxford, England. Biography Jim Davies studied mathematics at New College, Oxford, joining the Oxford University Computing Laboratory (now the Oxford University Department of Computer Science) in 1986 for a Masters' and Doctorate. After working as a researcher and lecturer in computer science, at Oxford, Reading, and Royal Holloway, University of London, he became a lecturer in software engineering at Oxford in 1995. He has led the Software Engineering Programme since 2000, and was made Professor of Software Engineering in 2006. Davies is an expert in formal methods, including Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) and the Z notation. Books * Jim Davies, ''Specification and Proof in Real Time CSP''. Cambridge University Press, 1993. . * Jim Woodcock and Jim Davies, ''Using Z: Specification, Refinement, and Proof''. Prentice-Hall International Ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers (nm). At this scale, commonly known as the nanoscale, surface area and quantum mechanical effects become important in describing properties of matter. This definition of nanotechnology includes all types of research and technologies that deal with these special properties. It is common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to research and applications whose common trait is scale. An earlier understanding of nanotechnology referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabricating macroscale products, now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. Nanotechnology defined by scale includes fields of science such as surface science, organic chemistry, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, energy storage, engineering, microfabrication, and molecular engineering. The associated rese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reconfigurable Computing
Reconfigurable computing is a computer architecture combining some of the flexibility of software with the high performance of hardware by processing with flexible hardware platforms like FPGA, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The principal difference when compared to using ordinary microprocessors is the ability to add custom computational blocks using FPGAs. On the other hand, the main difference from custom hardware, i.e. application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) is the possibility to adapt the hardware during runtime by "loading" a new circuit on the reconfigurable fabric, thus providing new computational blocks without the need to Semiconductor device fabrication, manufacture and add new Integrated circuit, chips to the existing system. History The concept of reconfigurable computing has existed since the 1960s, when Gerald Estrin's paper proposed the concept of a computer made of a standard processor and an array of "reconfigurable" hardware. The main process ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
