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Jianzhou Ba Yin
''Jianzhou Ba Yin Ziyi Bianlan'' (; Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ), variously translated as ''Jianzhou Eight-Yin Characters Meaning Handbook'' or ''The brief guide of eight tones and literal meaning in Jian Zhou'', and often known by its shortened name ''Jianzhou Ba Yin'' (; Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ), is a rime dictionary that records character pronunciations in Northern Min during the late Qing dynasty. It was compiled by Lin Duancai from Fuqing in 1795, modelling it after the Fuzhounese rime dictionary '' Qi Lin Bayin''. Notes References * * * * See also * Jian'ou dialect The Jian'ou dialect ( Northern Min: / ; Chinese: ), also known as Kienow dialect, is a local dialect of Northern Min Chinese spoken in Jian'ou in northern Fujian province. It is regarded as the standard common language in Jian'ou. Phonetic ... * '' Qi Lin Bayin'' External links Full text of ''Jianzhou Ba Yin'' Traditional Chinese phonology Northern Min Chinese dictionaries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kienning Colloquial Romanized
The Kienning Colloquial Romanized Alphabet (建寧府土腔羅馬字, ) is a romanization system adopted by Western missionaries to compile the Kienning dialect (modern day Jian'ou City) of the Northern Min language in the Fujian Province of China. History During the last decade of the 19th century, Western missionaries from the Church of England Zenana Missionary Society arrived in Kienning Prefecture (which also comprises the present day Nanping City) to evangelize. However they soon realized that the majority of the residents in the region did not comprehend Mandarin speech nor the Foochow dialect when Foochow Christians tried to preach to them, hence the missionaries studied an existing Chinese publication titled '' The Eight Tones of Kien-chou'' () and in 1896 the missionaries devised a new Latinized alphabet system for the Kienning dialect, which emulated the Foochow Romanization system. Among the early translators were Miss L.J. Bryer and other ladies of the Zena ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Min
Northern Min () is a group of mutually intelligible Min varieties spoken in Nanping prefecture of northwestern Fujian. Classification and distribution Early classifications of varieties of Chinese, such as those of Li Fang-Kuei in 1937 and Yuan Jiahua in 1960, divided Min into Northern and Southern subgroups. However, in a 1963 report on a survey of Fujian, Pan Maoding and colleagues argued that the primary split was between inland and coastal groups. In a reclassification that has been followed by most dialectologists since, they restricted the term Northern Min to inland dialects of Nanping prefecture, and classified the coastal dialects of Fuzhou and Ningde as Eastern Min. According to the ''Language Atlas of China'', Northern Min varieties are spoken throughout the counties of Wuyishan (formerly Chong'an), Jianyang, Jian'ou, Zhenghe and Songxi, in the southern part of Pucheng County and the northeastern part of Shunchang County, and in Yanping District except for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qing Dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the Ming dynasty and succeeded by the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China. At its height of power, the empire stretched from the Sea of Japan in the east to the Pamir Mountains in the west, and from the Mongolian Plateau in the north to the South China Sea in the south. Originally emerging from the Later Jin (1616–1636), Later Jin dynasty founded in 1616 and proclaimed in Shenyang in 1636, the dynasty seized control of the Ming capital Beijing and North China in 1644, traditionally considered the start of the dynasty's rule. The dynasty lasted until the Xinhai Revolution of October 1911 led to the abdication of the last emperor in February 1912. The multi-ethnic Qing dynasty Legacy of the Qing dynasty, assembled the territoria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fuqing
(，Foochow Romanized: Hók-chiăng; also romanized as Hokchia) is a coastal county-level city under the jurisdiction of Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian Province, China. Covering 1,432 square kilometers and home to over 1.46 million residents (as of 2019), Fuqing is located about 45 km south of downtown Fuzhou. Known as one of the key ancestral hometowns for Chinese emigrants, particularly in Southeast Asia and the United States, Fuqing has a vibrant overseas Chinese community and strong economic ties abroad. Domestically, the city is recognized for its robust private sector, industrial development zones, and role in regional transportation. Fuqing is also home to several cultural landmarks and religious sites, contributing to its unique local identity. Geography Fuqing is located on the north-central section of the coast of Fujian, south of the urban area of Fuzhou and north of Putian. It is the southernmost administrative division of Fuzhou on the mainland and is the only co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qi Lin Bayin
The ''Qi Lin Bayin'', sometimes translated as ''Book of Eight Sounds'' or ''Book of Eight Tones'', is a Chinese rime book of approximately ten thousand characters based on the earlier form of the Fuzhou dialect. First compiled in the 17th century, it is the pioneering work of all written sources for Min languages, and is widely quoted in modern academic research in Chinese phonology. Composition The ''Qi Lin Bayin'' is a combination of two dictionaries: * ''Qī cānjūn bāyīn zìyì biànlǎn'' 戚參軍八音字義便覽 "Eight Sounds of General Qi and a Convenient Prospectus of Word Meaning", and * ''Tàishǐ Lín Bìshān xiānshēng zhūyù tóngshēng'' 太史林碧山先生珠玉同聲 "Homonyms of Pearl and Jade by the Honorable Lin Bishan". The combined edition was published in 1749 by Jin An, a citizen of Fuzhou, who added a foreword. As local works, the earlier dictionaries were largely ignored by the scholarly tradition, so inferences about their date and autho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jian'ou Dialect
The Jian'ou dialect ( Northern Min: / ; Chinese: ), also known as Kienow dialect, is a local dialect of Northern Min Chinese spoken in Jian'ou in northern Fujian province. It is regarded as the standard common language in Jian'ou. Phonetics and phonology According to '' The Eight Tones of Kien-chou'' (), a rime dictionary A rime dictionary, rhyme dictionary, or rime book () is a genre of dictionary that records pronunciations for Chinese characters by tone and rhyme, instead of by graphical means like their radicals. The most important rime dictionary tradition ... published in 1795, the Jian'ou dialect had 15 initials, 34 rimes and 7 tones in the 18th century, however there are only 6 tones in the modern dialect as the "light level" () tone has disappeared. Initials Rimes Tones Jian'ou has four tones, which are reduced to two in checked syllables. The entering tones in the Jian'ou dialect do not have any entering tone coda () such as , , and which makes it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Traditional Chinese Phonology
A tradition is a system of beliefs or behaviors (folk custom) passed down within a group of people or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past. A component of cultural expressions and folklore, common examples include holidays or impractical but socially meaningful clothes (like lawyers' wigs or military officers' spurs), but the idea has also been applied to social norms and behaviors such as greetings, etc. Traditions can persist and evolve for thousands of years— the word ''tradition'' itself derives from the Latin word ''tradere'' literally meaning to transmit, to hand over, to give for safekeeping. While it is reportedly assumed that traditions have an ancient history, many traditions have been invented on purpose, whether it be political or cultural, over short periods of time. Various academic disciplines also use the word in a variety of ways. The phrase "according to tradition" or "by tradition" usually means that what follows i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
