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Jesica Santillan
Jesica Santillan (December 26, 1985 – February 22, 2003) was a Mexican national who died after an organ transplant operation in which she received the heart and lungs of a patient whose blood type did not match hers. The medical error occurred due to a misunderstanding about blood type compatibility between the surgeon at the Duke University Medical Center and the organ transplant agency Carolina Donor Services (CDS) and United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS). The error was identified near the completion of the surgery. Background Jesica, two siblings, her mother Magdelena Santillan and her mother's boyfriend Melecio Huerta illegally entered the United States from Tamazula, Mexico, a town west of Mexico City, so that she could receive medical treatment. Relatives have stated that the family paid a coyote to get them across the border. During the journey, thieves stole all of the family's money, including Jesica's earrings. The family settled in Durham, North Carolina near ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamazula, Mexico .
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Tamazula may refer to several locations in Mexico: *Tamazula de Victoria, in the state of Durango *Tamazula de Gordiano, in the state of Jalisco *Tamazula a village in the municipio of Guasave, Sinaloa *Or to a mountain: *Or to a river: *Tamazula River, which drains a portion of Sinaloa and Durango The name can also refer to Tamazula hot sauce manufactured by Salsa Tamazula of Guadalajara, Jalisco Jalisco, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco, is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Political divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. It is located in western Mexico and is bordered by s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heart Transplantation
A heart transplant, or a cardiac transplant, is a surgical transplant procedure performed on patients with end-stage heart failure when other medical or surgical treatments have failed. , the most common procedure is to take a functioning heart from a recently deceased organ donor (brain death is the most common) and implant it into the patient. The patient's own heart is either removed and replaced with the donor heart ( orthotopic procedure) or, much less commonly, the recipient's diseased heart is left in place to support the donor heart (heterotopic, or "piggyback", transplant procedure). Approximately 5,000 heart transplants are performed each year worldwide, more than half of which are in the US. Post-operative survival periods average 15 years. Heart transplantation is not considered to be a cure for heart disease; rather it is a life-saving treatment intended to improve the quality and duration of life for a recipient. History American medical researcher Simon Fle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Life Support
Life support comprises the treatments and techniques performed in an emergency in order to support life after the failure of one or more vital organs. Healthcare providers and emergency medical technicians are generally certified to perform basic and advanced life support procedures; however, basic life support is sometimes provided at the scene of an emergency by family members or bystanders before emergency services arrive. In the case of cardiac injuries, cardiopulmonary resuscitation is initiated by bystanders or family members 25% of the time. Basic life support techniques, such as performing CPR on a victim of cardiac arrest, can double or even triple that patient's chance of survival. Other types of basic life support include relief from choking (which can be done by using the Heimlich maneuver), staunching of bleeding by direct compression and elevation above the heart (and if necessary, pressure on arterial pressure points and the use of a manufactured or improvised ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antibodies
An antibody (Ab) or immunoglobulin (Ig) is a large, Y-shaped protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily which is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize antigens such as bacteria and viruses, including those that cause disease. Each individual antibody recognizes one or more specific antigens, and antigens of virtually any size and chemical composition can be recognized. Antigen literally means "antibody generator", as it is the presence of an antigen that drives the formation of an antigen-specific antibody. Each of the branching chains comprising the "Y" of an antibody contains a paratope that specifically binds to one particular epitope on an antigen, allowing the two molecules to bind together with precision. Using this mechanism, antibodies can effectively "tag" the antigen (or a microbe or an infected cell bearing such an antigen) for attack by cells of the immune system, or can neutralize it directly (for example, by blocking a part of a viru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organ Rejection
Organ and organs may refer to: Biology * Organ (biology), a group of tissues organized to serve a common function * Organ system, a collection of organs that function together to carry out specific functions within the body. Musical instruments * Organ (music), a family of keyboard musical instruments characterized by sustained tone ** Electronic organ, an electronic keyboard instrument ** Hammond organ, an electro-mechanical keyboard instrument ** Pipe organ, a musical instrument that produces sound when pressurized air is driven through a series of pipes ** Fairground organ, an automatic mechanical organ designed to provide loud music in fairground settings ** Street organ, a mobile, automatic mechanical pneumatic organ played by an organ grinder ** Theatre organ, a pipe organ originally designed specifically for imitation of an orchestra *** BBC Theatre Organ, several theatre organs used for popular BBC radio programmes Entertainment * Harry "Snapper" Organs, a fictional c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmapheresis
Plasmapheresis (from the Greek language, Greek πλάσμα, ''plasma'', something molded, and ἀφαίρεσις ''aphairesis'', taking away) is the removal, treatment, and return or exchange of blood plasma or components thereof from and to the circulatory system, blood circulation. It is thus an extracorporeal therapy, a medical procedure performed outside the body. Three general types of plasmapheresis can be distinguished: * ''Autologous'', removing blood plasma, treating it in some way, and returning it to the same person, as a therapy. * ''Exchange'', a patient's blood plasma is removed, while blood products are given in replacement. This type is called plasma exchange (PE, PLEX, or PEX) or plasma exchange therapy (PET). The removed plasma is discarded and the patient receives replacement donor plasma, albumin, or a combination of albumin and saline (medicine), saline (usually 70% albumin and 30% saline). * ''Donation'', removing blood plasma, separating its components, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Immunosuppressant Drugs
Immunosuppressive drugs, also known as immunosuppressive agents, immunosuppressants and antirejection medications, are medication, drugs that inhibit or prevent the activity of the immune system. Classification Immunosuppressive drugs can be classified into five groups: * #Glucocorticoids, glucocorticoids * #Cytostatics, cytostatics * #Antibodies, antibodies * #Drugs acting on immunophilins, drugs acting on immunophilins * #Other drugs, other drugs Glucocorticoids In pharmacologic (supraphysiologic) doses, glucocorticoids, such as prednisone, dexamethasone, and hydrocortisone are used to suppress various allergy, allergic, inflammation, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders. They are also administered as posttransplantory immunosuppressants to prevent the transplant rejection, acute transplant rejection and graft-versus-host disease. Nevertheless, they do not prevent an infection and also inhibit later tissue reparation, reparative processes. Immunosuppressive mechanism Gl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carolina Donor Services
Carolina may refer to: Geography * The Carolinas, the U.S. states of North and South Carolina ** North Carolina, a U.S. state ** South Carolina, a U.S. state * Province of Carolina, a British province until 1712 * Carolina, Alabama, a town in the United States * Carolina, Maranhão, a city in Brazil * Carolina, Mpumalanga, a town in South Africa * Carolina, North Carolina (other), multiple places * Carolina, Puerto Rico, a municipality in the United States * Carolina, Rhode Island, a village that straddles the border of two towns in the U.S. state of Rhode Island * The Carolina terrane, a geologic terrane in the southeastern United States * Carolina, San Luis, Argentina * Carolina, San Miguel, El Salvador * Carolina, Santa Maria, Brazil * Carolina, Suriname, a city * Carolina, U.S. Virgin Islands, a neighborhood * Carolina, West Virginia Music * "Carolina" (Taylor Swift song) (2022) * Carolina (Seu Jorge album) or ''Samba Esporte Fino'', also a track on the album * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transplant Surgeon
A transplant surgeon is a surgeon who performs organ transplants. Among the many organs that can be transplanted are: kidneys, livers, hearts, lungs, the pancreas, the intestine (especially the small intestine), and recently, faces, tracheal (windpipe) tissue, and penises. Medical training Training in the U.S. involves the four years of the undergraduate education, four years of medical school, five years of general surgery residency, followed by a two-year fellowship in transplant surgery. Notable Surgeons * Thomas Starzl - first human liver transplants. Often quoted as the “father of modern transplantation” * Theodor Kocher Emil Theodor Kocher (25 August 1841 – 27 July 1917) was a Swiss physician and medical researcher who received the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid. Among his many a ... - first modern transplant * James D. Hardy - first successful lung transplant * Bruce Reitz - fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boston
Boston is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. The city serves as the cultural and Financial centre, financial center of New England, a region of the Northeastern United States. It has an area of and a population of 675,647 as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, making it the third-largest city in the Northeastern United States after New York City and Philadelphia. The larger Greater Boston metropolitan statistical area has a population of 4.9 million as of 2023, making it the largest metropolitan area in New England and the Metropolitan statistical area, eleventh-largest in the United States. Boston was founded on Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by English Puritans, Puritan settlers, who named the city after the market town of Boston, Lincolnshire in England. During the American Revolution and American Revolutionary War, Revolutionary War, Boston was home to several seminal events, incl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pulmonary Hypertension
Pulmonary hypertension (PH or PHTN) is a condition of increased blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, arteries of the lungs. Symptoms include dypsnea, shortness of breath, Syncope (medicine), fainting, tiredness, chest pain, pedal edema, swelling of the legs, and a fast heartbeat. The condition may make it difficult to exercise. Onset is typically gradual. According to the definition at the 6th World Symposium of Pulmonary Hypertension in 2018, a patient is deemed to have pulmonary hypertension if the pulmonary mean arterial pressure is greater than 20mmHg at rest, revised down from a purely arbitrary 25mmHg, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) greater than 3 Wood units. The cause is often unknown. Risk factors include a family history, prior pulmonary embolism (blood clots in the lungs), HIV/AIDS, sickle cell disease, cocaine use, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sleep apnea, living at high altitudes, and problems with the mitral valve. The underlying mechanism typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a form of cardiomyopathy in which the walls of the heart are rigid (but not thickened). Thus the heart is restricted from stretching and filling with blood properly. It is the least common of the three original subtypes of cardiomyopathy: hypertrophic, dilated, and restrictive. It should not be confused with constrictive pericarditis, a disease which presents similarly but is very different in treatment and prognosis. Signs and symptoms Untreated hearts with RCM often develop the following characteristics: * M or W configuration in an invasive hemodynamic pressure tracing of the RA * Square root sign of part of the invasive hemodynamic pressure tracing Of The LV * Biatrial enlargement * Thickened LV walls (with normal chamber size) * Thickened RV free wall (with normal chamber size) * Elevated right atrial pressure (>12mmHg), * Moderate pulmonary hypertension, * Normal systolic function, * Poor diastolic function, typically Grade III - IV Dias ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
