|
Jelly Fungus
Jelly fungi are a paraphyletic group of several heterobasidiomycete fungal orders from different classes of the subphylum Agaricomycotina: Tremellales, Dacrymycetales, Auriculariales and Sebacinales. These fungi are so named because their foliose, irregularly branched fruiting body is, or appears to be, the consistency of jelly. Actually, many are somewhat rubbery and gelatinous. When dried, jelly fungi become hard and shriveled; when exposed to water, they return to their original form. Many species of jelly fungi can be eaten raw; poisonous jelly fungi are rare eeds sourceand may not even exist. However, many species have an unpalatable texture or taste. They may or may not be sought in mushroom hunting due to their taste, which is described as similar to that of soil Soil, also commonly referred to as earth, is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, water, and organisms that together support the life of plants and soil organisms. Some scientific def ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tremellales
The Tremellales are an order of fungi in the class Tremellomycetes. The order contains both teleomorphic and anamorphic species, most of the latter being yeasts. All teleomorphic species in the Tremellales are parasites of other fungi, though the yeast states are widespread and not restricted to hosts. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies), when produced, are gelatinous. The order currently comprises 11 families, containing around 250 valid species. Significant genera include '' Tremella'', one species of which is edible and commercially cultivated, and the yeast genus ''Cryptococcus'', several species of which are human pathogens. History The order Tremellales was created (as 'Tremellinae') by Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries in 1821 for fungi having gelatinous fruit bodies. it was amended in 1922 by English mycologist Carleton Rea to include all species, gelatinous or not, in which the basidia were "tremelloid" (globose to ellipsoid with vertical or diagonal septa). Rea placed with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auricularia Auricula-judae
''Auricularia auricula-judae'', commonly known as wood ear, jelly ear or, more historically, Jew's ear, is a species of fungus in the order Auriculariales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are brown, gelatinous, and have a noticeably ear-like shape. They grow on wood, especially elder. The specific epithet is derived from the belief that Judas Iscariot hanged himself from an elder tree. The fungus can be found throughout the year in Europe, where it normally grows on wood of broadleaf trees and shrubs. ''Auricularia auricula-judae'' was used in folk medicine as recently as the 19th century for complaints including sore throats, sore eyes and jaundice, and as an astringent. It is edible but not widely consumed. Taxonomy The species was first described as ''Tremella auricula'' by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 ''Species Plantarum'' and later (1789) redescribed by Jean Baptiste François Pierre Bulliard as ''Tremella auricula-judae''. In 1822, the Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tremella Fuciformis
''Tremella fuciformis'' is a species of fungus; it produces white, frond-like, gelatinous basidiocarps (fruiting bodies). It is widespread, especially in the tropics, where it can be found on the dead branches of broadleaf trees. This fungus is commercially cultivated and is one of the most popular fungi in the cuisine and medicine of China. ''T. fuciformis'' is commonly known as snow fungus, snow ear, silver ear fungus, white jelly mushroom, and white cloud ears. ''T. fuciformis'' is a parasitic yeast, and grows as a slimy, mucus-like film until it encounters its preferred hosts, various species of '' Annulohypoxylon'' (or possibly '' Hypoxylon'') fungi, whereupon it then invades, triggering the aggressive mycelial growth required to form the fruiting bodies. Description Fruit bodies are gelatinous, watery white, up to across (larger in cultivated specimens), and composed of thin but erect, seaweed-like, branching fronds, often crisped at the edges. Microscopically, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tremella Foliacea
''Tremella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Tremellaceae. All ''Tremella'' species are parasites of other fungi and most produce anamorphic yeast states. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies), when produced, are gelatinous and are colloquially classed among the "jelly fungi". Over 100 species of ''Tremella'' (in its wide sense) are currently recognized worldwide. One species, ''Tremella fuciformis'', is commercially cultivated for food. Taxonomy History ''Tremella'' was one of the original genera created by Linnaeus in his ''Species Plantarum'' of 1753. The name comes from the Latin ''tremere'' meaning "to tremble". Linnaeus placed ''Tremella'' in the algae, including within it a variety of gelatinous growths, including seaweeds, cyanobacteria, and myxomycetes, as well as fungi. Subsequent authors added additional species to this mix, until Persoon revised ''Tremella'' in 1794 and 1801, repositioning the genus within the fungi. Persoon's reinterpretation of ''Tremella'' was sufficient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudohydnum Gelatinosum
''Pseudohydnum gelatinosum'', commonly known as the toothed jelly fungus, cat's tongue, or jelly tooth, is a species of fungus in the order Auriculariales. Its common names refer to its gelatinous consistency and hydnoid (toothed) undersurface. Found in Eurasia and North America, the mushroom is Edible mushroom, edible. Description The gelatinous fruit bodies are whitish to light grayish or tan, wide and tall, with teeth up to long. The spore print is white. It has little to no flavour. Taxonomy A subspecies, ''Pseudohydnum gelatinosum'' ssp. ''pusillum'', is found in North America. It is the only toothed jelly fungus known in the region. Distribution and habitat The species was thought to be Cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan, but recent DNA evidence suggests that it is confined to Europe and northern Asia, with superficially similar (but distinct) taxa elsewhere. ''P. gelatinosum'' grows on dead conifer wood. The North American species can be found near bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myxarium Nucleatum
''Myxarium nucleatum'' is a species of fungus in the family Hyaloriaceae. In the UK, it has been given the recommended English name of crystal brain. The fruit bodies are watery white, pustular or lobed, and gelatinous with small, white, mineral inclusions visible to the naked eye. It is a common, wood-rotting species in Europe, typically growing on dead attached or fallen branches of broadleaf trees. It is currently not clear whether collections from North America (where it is called granular jelly roll) and elsewhere represent the same species. Taxonomy History The species was originally described by Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wallroth in 1833, who found it growing on hawthorn in Germany. He placed it in his new genus '' Myxarium'' based on its visible white inclusions which he interpreted as spores. Wallroth noted its similarity to ''Tremella nucleata'', but nonetheless described ''Myxarium nucleatum'' as a new and separate species, using the same epithet. Lewis David von Sch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phlogiotis Helvelloides
''Guepinia'' is a genus of fungus in the Auriculariales order. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species ''Guepinia helvelloides'', commonly known as the apricot jelly. The fungus produces salmon-pink, ear-shaped, gelatinous sporocarp (fungus), fruit bodies that grow solitarily or in small tufted groups on soil, usually associated with buried rotting wood. The fruit bodies are up to tall and up to wide; the stipe (mycology), stalks are not well-differentiated from the pileus (mycology), cap. It has a white spore deposit, and the oblong to ellipsoid spores measure 9–11 by 5–6 micrometre, micrometers. The fungus is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, and has also been collected from South America. Although rubbery the flesh is edible mushroom, edible, and may be eaten raw with salads, pickled, or candied. Taxonomy The species was first described and illustrated as ''Tremella rufa'' by Nicolaus Joseph von Jacquin in 1778. Elias Magnus Fries later (1828 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guepiniopsis Alpina
''Guepiniopsis alpina'', commonly known as the jelly cup, alpine jelly cone, or poor man's gumdrop, is a species of fungus in the family Dacrymycetaceae. The small, gelatinous fruit bodies are orange and cone- or cup-shaped, producing a yellowish spore print. Found in western North America and Iran, the fungus grows on decaying conifer wood. It is of little to no culinary interest. Taxonomy The fungus was first described in 1901 by Samuel Mills Tracy and Franklin Sumner Earle under the name ''Guepinia alpina'' in 1901. It was later transferred to ''Heterotextus'' in 1932, and then to '' Guepiniopsis'' in 1938. It is commonly known as the "jelly cup", "alpine jelly cone", or "poor man's gumdrop". Description The fruit bodies are cone-shaped, measuring up to across. They hang from a narrow attachment to the substrate. They are bright yellow to orange, with a gelatinous texture and a smooth and sticky surface on top, but have external hairs. The dried fruit bodies deepen to r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exidia Recisa
''Exidia recisa'' is a species of fungus in the family Auriculariaceae. In the UK, it has the recommended English name of amber jelly. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are gelatinous, orange-brown, and turbinate (top-shaped). It typically grows on dead attached twigs and branches of willow and is found in Europe and possibly elsewhere, though it has long been confused with the North American ''Exidia crenata''. Taxonomy The species was originally found growing on willow in Germany and was described in 1813 by L.P.F. Ditmar as ''Tremella recisa''. It was transferred to the genus '' Exidia'' by Fries in 1822. ''Tremella salicum'' (the epithet means "of willow") has long been considered a synonym. Molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that ''Exidia recisa'' is part of a complex of similar species, including ''Exidia crenata'' in North America and '' Exidia yadongensis'' in eastern Asia. The epithet "recisa" means "cut-off", with reference to the sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exidia Glandulosa
''Exidia glandulosa'' is a species of fungus in the family Auriculariaceae. In the UK, it has the recommended English name of witch's butter. In North America it has variously been called black witches' butter, black jelly roll, or warty jelly fungus. The gelatinous basidiocarp (fruit bodies) are up to wide, shiny, black and blister-like, and grow singly or in clusters. It is a common wood-rotting species in Europe, typically growing on dead attached branches of oak. Taxonomy The species was originally described from France as ''Tremella glandulosa'' by Bulliard in 1789. It was subsequently placed in '' Exidia'' by Fries in 1822. Fries, however, modified Bulliard's species concept to include a second, effused, coalescing species—the name ''Exidia glandulosa'' serving for both. This combined concept was used until Neuhoff separated the two species in 1936. Unfortunately, Neuhoff gave the name ''Exidia glandulosa'' to the effused species, adopting the name ''Exidia truncata' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dacryopinax Spathularia
''Dacrymyces spathularia'' is a species of fungus in the family Dacrymycetaceae. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are gelatinous, frequently spathulate (spoon-shaped), and grow on wood, mainly in the tropics and subtropics. The fungus is edible and is commercially cultivated for use as an additive in the food industry. Taxonomy The species was first described as ''Merulius spathularius'' by German-American mycologist Lewis David de Schweinitz based on a collection from North Carolina in the United States. It was moved to the newly created genus '' Dacryopinax'' by American mycologist G. W. Martin in 1948 in recognition of its fruit bodies' frequently spathulate shape. Microscopically, however, the species is not typical of the genus and this has been confirmed by recent molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences. ''Dacryopinax spathularia'' is not closely related to the type species ('' Dacryopinax elegans'') and belongs elsewhere. It has been placed in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dacrymyces Palmatus
''Dacrymyces chrysospermus'' is a species of jelly fungus in the family (biology), family Dacrymycetaceae. In the UK it has the recommended English name of orange jelly spot; in North America it is known as orange jelly or orange witch's butter. Description The species is saprotrophic and grows on dead coniferous wood. The basidiocarps are gelatinous, bright orange, and extremely variable in shape, but typically stoutly stipe (mycology), stipitate with a spoon- or cup-shaped, spore-bearing head. They are frequently erumpent in groups, often coalescing to form complex masses up to across. Microscopically it is distinguished from most other species of ''Dacrymyces'' by its comparatively large (18–23 by 6.5–8 μm), basidiospores. Similar species ''Tremella mesenterica'' and ''Naematelia aurantia'' are macroscopically identical to ''D. chrysospermus'' but can easily be separated by their growth on hardwood as well as their microscopic characteristics. While look ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
