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Jelizaveta Palmenbach
Yelizaveta Palmenbach (1761–1832) was an Imperial Russian pedagogue, the principal of the Smolny Institute in Saint Petersburg from 1797 to 1802, and a lady-in-waiting. Biography Yeliaveta was born in 1761 to Alexander Ivanovich Cherkasov and Hedvig Elizabeth von Biron, known as Ekaterina Ivanovna. Her uncle was Peter von Biron. She was educated at the Smolny Institute of Noble Maidens, after her graduation in 1779, she became a maid of honour. She married Colonel Evstafy (Gustav) Ivanovich Palmenbach on 16 August 1780 in Saint Isaac's Cathedral. In 1796, she was appointed assistant to Sophie de Lafont, the head of the Smolny institute. De Lafon died in August 1797, after which Ekaterina became head of the institution, and attained the title of Excellency. She held this position until 1802. She was close to Empress Maria Feodorovna who entrusted her with the education of two daughters of A. Kh. Bechendorff, and the princesses Biron. She was awarded the Order of Saint Cather ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cherkasova E
Cherkasov (masculine, ) or Cherkasova (feminine) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Alla Cherkasova (born 1989), Ukrainian wrestler * Alan Cherkasov, Kazakh television personality *Andrei Cherkasov (born 1970), former professional tennis player * Maria Cherkasova (born 1938), Russian journalist and ecologist *Marina Cherkasova (born 1964), Russian retired pair skater *Marina Cherkasova (skier) (born 1972), Russian freestyle skier * Nikolai Cherkasov (1903–1966), Soviet actor * Svetlana Cherkasova (born 1978), Russian middle-distance runner * Valentina Cherkasova (born 1958), Soviet sports shooter *Veronika Cherkasova Veronika Cherkasova (, ; ; January 12, 1959 – October 20, 2004) was a Belarusian journalist. She was killed on October 20, 2004. As of 2021, the killer has not been found. Biography Veronika Cherkasova was born in Minsk, Belarus, January 12, 195 ... (1959–2004), Belarusian journalist {{Surname Russian-language surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophie Lafont
Sophie de Lafont, née ''Dubuisson'', also called ''Sofia Ivanovna Lafont'' (August 1717 – August 1797) was a Russian pedagogue of French descent. She was the principal of the Smolny Institute in Saint Petersburg in 1764–1797. Life Lafont was the daughter of French Huguenot wine merchant Jean Dubuisson who founded the first hotel in the Russian capital of Saint Petersburg. She was their only daughter. She married Guillaume de Lafont, a French officer in Russian service, but her marriage was unhappy, as her spouse suffered from a mental illness which several times exposed her to abuse. She attempted to cure him by consulting doctors in Switzerland and France, but this did not result in anything but economic ruin. As a poor widow with two daughters, she applied for help from the Russian embassy in Paris to return to Saint Petersburg. She encountered Ivan Betskoy, who judged her to be suitable for the position of principal of the Smolny Institute, and recommended her as such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century Women Educators
The 19th century began on 1 January 1801 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 (MCM). It was the 9th century of the 2nd millennium. It was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was Abolitionism, abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanded beyond its British homeland for the first time during the 19th century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, France, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Catholic Church, in response to the growing influence and power of modernism, secularism and materialism, formed the First Vatican Council in the late 19th century to deal with such problems an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heads Of Schools In The Russian Empire
A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Some very simple animals may not have a head, but many bilaterally symmetric forms do, regardless of size. Heads develop in animals by an evolutionary trend known as cephalization. In bilaterally symmetrical animals, nervous tissue concentrate at the anterior region, forming structures responsible for information processing. Through biological evolution, sense organs and feeding structures also concentrate into the anterior region; these collectively form the head. Human head The human head is an anatomical unit that consists of the skull, hyoid bone and cervical vertebrae. The skull consists of the brain case which encloses the cranial cavity, and the facial skeleton, which includes the mandible. There are eight bones in the brain case and fourteen in the facia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltic-German People From The Russian Empire
Baltic Germans ( or , later ) are ethnic German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today are Estonia and Latvia. Since their resettlement in 1945 after the end of World War II, Baltic Germans have drastically declined as a geographically determined ethnic group in the region, with diaspora generally relocating to Germany proper and beyond. Since the late Middle Ages, native German-speakers formed the majority of merchants and clergy, and the large majority of the local landowning nobility who effectively constituted a ruling class over indigenous Latvian and Estonian non-nobles. By the time a distinct Baltic German ethnic identity began emerging in the 19th century, the majority of self-identifying Baltic Germans were non-nobles belonging mostly to the urban and professional middle class. In the 12th and 13th centuries, Catholic German traders and crusaders (''see '') began settling in the eastern Baltic territories. With the decline of Latin, L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nobility From The Russian Empire
Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy. It is normally appointed by and ranked immediately below royalty. Nobility has often been an estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. The characteristics associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles or simply formal functions (e.g., precedence), and vary by country and by era. Membership in the nobility, including rights and responsibilities, is typically hereditary and patrilineal. Membership in the nobility has historically been granted by a monarch or government, and acquisition of sufficient power, wealth, ownerships, or royal favour has occasionally enabled commoners to ascend into the nobility. There are often a variety of ranks within the noble class. Legal recognition of nobility has been much more common in monarchies, but nobility also existed in such regimes as the Dutch Republic (1581–1795), the Republic of Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ladies-in-waiting From The Russian Empire
A lady-in-waiting (alternatively written lady in waiting) or court lady is a female personal assistant at a court, attending on a royal woman or a high-ranking noblewoman. Historically, in Europe, a lady-in-waiting was often a noblewoman but of lower rank than the woman to whom she attended. Although she may either have received a retainer or may not have received compensation for the service she rendered, a lady-in-waiting was considered more of a secretary, courtier, or companion to her mistress than a servant. In some other parts of the world, the lady-in-waiting, often referred to as ''palace woman'', was in practice a servant or a slave rather than a high-ranking woman, but still had about the same tasks, functioning as companion and secretary to her mistress. In courts where polygamy was practiced, a court lady might have been formally available to the monarch for sexual services, and she could become his wife, consort, courtesan, or concubine. ''Lady-in-waiting'' or '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governesses From The Russian Empire
A governess is a woman employed as a private tutor, who teaches and trains a child or children in their home. A governess often lives in the same residence as the children she is teaching; depending on terms of their employment, they may or may not fulfill the limited role of an au pair, cook, and/or maid as a secondary function. In contrast to a nanny, the primary role of a governess is teaching, rather than meeting the physical needs of children; hence a governess is usually in charge of school-aged children, rather than babies. The position of governess used to be common in affluent European families before the First World War, especially in the countryside where no suitable school existed nearby and when parents preferred to educate their children at home rather than send them away to boarding school for months at a time, and varied across time and countries. Governesses were usually in charge of girls and younger boys. When a boy was old enough, he left his governess for a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th-century Educators From The Russian Empire
The 18th century lasted from 1 January 1701 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCI) to 31 December 1800 (MDCCC). During the 18th century, elements of Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment thinking culminated in the Atlantic Revolutions. Revolutions began to challenge the legitimacy of monarchical and aristocratic power structures. The Industrial Revolution began mid-century, leading to radical changes in Society, human society and the Natural environment, environment. The European colonization of the Americas and other parts of the world intensified and associated mass migrations of people grew in size as part of the Age of Sail. During the century, History of slavery, slave trading expanded across the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, while declining in Russian Empire, Russia and Qing dynasty, China. Western world, Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work. For example, the "short" 18th century may be defined as 1715� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1832 Deaths
Events January–March * January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society. * January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white planters organize militias and the British Army sends companies of the 84th regiment to enforce martial law. More than 300 of the slave rebels will be publicly hanged for their part in the destruction. * February 6 – The Swan River Colony is renamed Western Australia. * February 9 – The Florida Legislative Council grants a city charter for Jacksonville, Florida. * February 12 ** Ecuador annexes the Galápagos Islands. ** A cholera epidemic in London claims at least 3,000 lives; the contagion spreads to France and North America later this year. * February 28 – Charles Darwin and the crew of arrive at South America for the first time. * March 24 – In Hiram, Ohio, a group of men beat, tar and feather Mormon leader Joseph Smith. Apri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1761 Births
Events January–March * January 14 – Third Battle of Panipat: In India, the armies of the Durrani Empire from Afghanistan, led by Ahmad Shah Durrani and his coalition decisively defeat the Maratha Confederacy, killing over 100,000 Maratha soldiers and civilians in battle and in a subsequent massacre, regaining territory lost by the Mughal Empire and restoring the Mughal Emperor, Shah Alam II, to the throne in Delhi as the nominal ruler. * January 16 – In India, the Siege of Pondicherry ends as the British Empire captures Pondichéry from the French colonial empire. * February 8 – An earthquake in London breaks chimneys in Limehouse and Poplar. * March 8 – A second earthquake occurs in North London, Hampstead and Highgate. * March 31 – An 8.5 magnitude earthquake strikes Lisbon in the Kingdom of Portugal, but few deaths are reported because of censorship by the Portuguese government. with effects felt as far north as Scotland. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
