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Jean-Marie Le Roux
Jean-Marie Le Roux (4 April 1863, Prat, Côtes-d'Armor – 1949, Rennes) was a French applied mathematician. Le Roux, the son of farmers, studied at the University of Rennes and, possibly, at the University of Bordeaux. He was an instructor at Guingamp from 1882 to 1889, a professor at the ''lycée'' at Brest from 1889 to 1896, and a professor at the ''lycée'' at Montpellier from 1896 to 1898. At the University of Rennes he became in 1898 a ''maître de conférences'' and in 1902 a professor of applied mathematics. He retired there in 1933 as professor emeritus with the title of ''professeur honoraire''. He passed his ''agrégation'' examination in mathematics in 1889. He received his doctorate in 1894 at the Sorbonne, with Gaston Darboux, Gabriel Koenigs and Paul Appell on his thesis committee. The title of Le Roux's doctoral dissertation is ''Sur les intégrales des équations linéaires aux dérivées partielles du second ordre à deux variables indépendantes''. Le Roux did ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prat, Côtes-d'Armor
Prat (; ) is a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany in northwestern France. Population Inhabitants of Prat are called ''pratais'' in French. Breton language The municipality launched a linguistic plan through Ya d'ar brezhoneg on 27 May 2006. Sights The fifteenth century Trévoazan church collapsed in the 1910s and was designated as a historic landmark in 1926. The remains of the frontage and the tower can still be seen. The Manoir de Coatelan, also from the fifteenth century, was classified as a historic monument in 1927. See also *Communes of the Côtes-d'Armor department The following is a list of the 348 communes of the Côtes-d'Armor department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025): References External links *[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Appell
Paul may refer to: People * Paul (given name), a given name, including a list of people * Paul (surname), a list of people * Paul the Apostle, an apostle who wrote many of the books of the New Testament * Ray Hildebrand, half of the singing duo Paul & Paula * Paul Stookey, one-third of the folk music trio Peter, Paul and Mary * Billy Paul, stage name of American soul singer Paul Williams (1934–2016) * Vinnie Paul, drummer for American Metal band Pantera * Paul Avril, pseudonym of Édouard-Henri Avril (1849–1928), French painter and commercial artist * Paul, pen name under which Walter Scott wrote ''Paul's letters to his Kinsfolk'' in 1816 * Jean Paul, pen name of Johann Paul Friedrich Richter (1763–1825), German Romantic writer Places *Paul, Cornwall, a village in the civil parish of Penzance, United Kingdom *Paul (civil parish), Cornwall, United Kingdom *Paul, Alabama, United States, an unincorporated community *Paul, Idaho, United States, a city *Paul, Nebraska, United Sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century French Mathematicians
The 19th century began on 1 January 1801 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 (MCM). It was the 9th century of the 2nd millennium. It was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanded beyond its British homeland for the first time during the 19th century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, France, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Catholic Church, in response to the growing influence and power of modernism, secularism and materialism, formed the First Vatican Council in the late 19th century to deal with such problems and confirm ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1949 Deaths
Events January * January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2025 * January 2 – Luis Muñoz Marín becomes the first democratically elected Governor of Puerto Rico. * January 11 – The first "networked" television broadcasts take place, as KDKA-TV in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, goes on the air, connecting east coast and mid-west programming in the United States. * January 16 – Şemsettin Günaltay forms the new government of Turkey. It is the 18th government, last One-party state, single party government of the Republican People's Party. * January 17 – The first Volkswagen Beetle, VW Type 1 to arrive in the United States, a 1948 model, is brought to New York City, New York by Dutch businessman Ben Pon Sr., Ben Pon. Unable to interest dealers or importers in the Volkswagen, Pon sells the sample car to pay his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1863 Births
Events January * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate States of America an official war goal. The signing proclaimed the freedom of 3.1 million of the nation's four million slaves and immediately frees 50,000 of them, with the rest freed as the Union Army advances. This event marks the start of America's Reconstruction era, Reconstruction Era. * January 2 – Master Lucius Tar Paint Company (''Teerfarbenfabrik Meister Lucius''), predecessor of Hoechst AG, Hoechst, as a worldwide Chemical, chemical manufacturing brand, founded in a suburb of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. * January 4 – Founding date of the New Apostolic Church, a Christian and chiliastic church, in a schism with the Catholic Apostolic Church in Hamburg, Germany. * January 7 – In the Cantons of Switzerland, Swiss canton of Ticino, the village of Bedretto is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hundert Autoren Gegen Einstein
Criticism of the theory of relativity of Albert Einstein was mainly expressed in the early years after its publication in the early twentieth century, on scientific, pseudoscientific, philosophical, or ideological bases.Hentschel (1990)Goenner (1993ab)Wazeck (2009) Though some of these criticisms had the support of reputable scientists, Einstein's theory of relativity is now accepted by the scientific community. Reasons for criticism of the theory of relativity have included alternative theories, rejection of the abstract-mathematical method, and alleged errors of the theory. Antisemitic objections to Einstein's Jewish heritage also occasionally played a role in these objections. There are still some critics of relativity today, but their opinions are not shared by the majority in the scientific community.Farrell (2007)Wazeck (2010) Special relativity Relativity principle versus electromagnetic worldview Around the end of the 19th century, the view was widespread that all force ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theory Of Relativity
The theory of relativity usually encompasses two interrelated physics theories by Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity, proposed and published in 1905 and 1915, respectively. Special relativity applies to all physical phenomena in the absence of gravity. General relativity explains the law of gravitation and its relation to the forces of nature. It applies to the cosmological and astrophysical realm, including astronomy. The theory transformed theoretical physics and astronomy during the 20th century, superseding a 200-year-old theory of mechanics created primarily by Isaac Newton. It introduced concepts including 4-dimensional spacetime as a unified entity of space and time, relativity of simultaneity, kinematic and gravitational time dilation, and length contraction. In the field of physics, relativity improved the science of elementary particles and their fundamental interactions, along with ushering in the nuclear age. With relativity, cosmolog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein (14 March 187918 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who is best known for developing the theory of relativity. Einstein also made important contributions to quantum mechanics. His mass–energy equivalence formula , which arises from special relativity, has been called "the world's most famous equation". He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for . Born in the German Empire, Einstein moved to Switzerland in 1895, forsaking his German citizenship (as a subject of the Kingdom of Württemberg) the following year. In 1897, at the age of seventeen, he enrolled in the mathematics and physics teaching diploma program at the Swiss ETH Zurich, federal polytechnic school in Zurich, graduating in 1900. He acquired Swiss citizenship a year later, which he kept for the rest of his life, and afterwards secured a permanent position at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern. In 1905, he submitted a successful PhD dissertation to the University of Zurich. In 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Congress Of Mathematicians
The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU). The Fields Medals, the IMU Abacus Medal (known before 2022 as the Nevanlinna Prize), the Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize, Gauss Prize, and the Chern Medal are awarded during the congress's opening ceremony. Each congress is memorialized by a printed set of Proceedings recording academic papers based on invited talks intended to be relevant to current topics of general interest. Being List of International Congresses of Mathematicians Plenary and Invited Speakers, invited to talk at the ICM has been called "the equivalent ... of an induction to a hall of fame". History German mathematicians Felix Klein and Georg Cantor are credited with putting forward the idea of an international congress of mathematicians in the 1890s.A. John Coleman"Mathematics without borders": a book review. ''CMS Notes'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emanuel Czuber
Emanuel Czuber (Prague, 19 January 1851 – Gnigl, 22 August 1925) was an Austrian mathematician. Biography He graduated from a German secondary school (Realschule) in 1869 and continued his studies at the German Technical University in Prague, where he played an active part in the Association for Free Lectures on Mathematics - a student association and the predecessor of the Union of Czech Mathematicians and Physicists. From 1872 to 1874, while he was still a student, he acted as an assistant to Karel Koristka. He submitted his habilitation thesis on practical geometry (geodesy) to the Technical University at Prague in 1876 and obtained the right to lecture. From 1875 to 1886 he taught at the Second German Realschule in Prague. He married Adalberta Willigh in 1878 and had a daughter Berta, born in 1879, a son Emanuel, a second son, Erich, and a second daughter, Elisabet, born in 1884. His daughter, Berta, later made a morganatic marriage with Archduke Ferdinand Karl of Austria, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabriel Koenigs
Gabriel Xavier Paul Koenigs (17 January 1858 in Toulouse, France – 29 October 1931 in Paris, France) was a French mathematician who worked on analysis and geometry. He was elected as Secretary General of the Executive Committee of the International Mathematical Union after the first world war, and used his position to exclude countries with whom France had been at war from the mathematical congresses. He was awarded the Poncelet Prize for 1893. Publications * Koenigs G. Recherches sur les intégrals de certaines équations fontionnelles. Ann. École Normale, Suppl., 1884, (3)1. * * * * * See also * Koenigs function * Schröder's equation Schröder's equation, named after Ernst Schröder, is a functional equation with one independent variable: given the function , find the function such that Schröder's equation is an eigenvalue equation for the composition operator that sen ... References * {{DEFAULTSORT:Koenigs, Gabriel Xavier Paul French mathematicians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
