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Jatiya Nagorik Committee
The Jatiya Nagorik Committee () is a Bangladeshi political platform. The platform was formed in the aftermath of the July Revolution with a view to building consensus on rebuilding Bangladesh as an inclusive democracy following the ouster of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on 5 August 2024. Background Students in Bangladesh began a quota reform movement in early June 2024 after the Bangladesh Supreme Court invalidated the government's 2018 circular regarding job quotas in the public sector. The movement escalated into a full-fledged mass uprising after the government carried out mass killings of protesters, known as the July massacre, by late July. By early August, the movement evolved into a Non-cooperation movement (2024), non-cooperation movement, ultimately leading to the ouster of the then-Prime Minister, Sheikh Hasina Sheikh Hasina (''née'' Wazed; born 28 September 1947) is a Bangladeshi politician who served as the tenth prime minister of Bangladesh from June 1996 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inclusive Democracy
Takis Fotopoulos (; born 14 October 1940) is a Greek political philosopher, economist and writer who founded the Inclusive Democracy movement, aiming at a synthesis of classical democracy with libertarian socialism and the radical currents in the new social movements. He is an academic, and has written many books and over 900 articles. He is the editor of ''The International Journal of Inclusive Democracy'' (which succeeded '' Democracy & Nature'') and is the author of ''Towards An Inclusive Democracy'' (1997) in which the foundations of the Inclusive Democracy project were set.Takis Fotopoulos bio at Bloomsburry Publishing/Continuum's website. His latest book is ''The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July Massacre
The July massacre () was the violent suppression and mass killings in Bangladesh during the July Revolution (Bangladesh), July Revolution from July 16 to August 5, 2024. Triggered by the reinstatement of a controversial Quota system of Bangladesh Civil Service, quota system and widespread public dissatisfaction, the crackdown was carried out by the government led by the Bangladesh Awami League, Awami League party, its affiliated groups such as the Bangladesh Chhatra League, Chhatra League, and various law enforcement agencies. In June 2024, the Bangladesh Supreme Court reinstated the quota system in government jobs, triggering the resurgence of the 2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement, quota reform movement in early July. Following weeks of demonstrations, tensions escalated on July 15 after clashes between protesters and members of the Bangladesh Chhatra League, Chhatra League. In the days that followed, law enforcement agencies, including the Bangladesh Police, Police, Rapid A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organisations Based In Dhaka
An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is an entity—such as a company, or corporation or an institution (formal organization), or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose. Organizations may also operate secretly or illegally in the case of secret societies, criminal organizations, and resistance movements. And in some cases may have obstacles from other organizations (e.g.: MLK's organization). What makes an organization recognized by the government is either filling out incorporation or recognition in the form of either societal pressure (e.g.: Advocacy group), causing concerns (e.g.: Resistance movement) or being considered the spokesperson of a group of people subject to negotiation (e.g.: the Polisario Front being recognized as the sole representative of the Sahrawi people and forming a partially recognized state.) Compare the concept of social groups, which may include non-organiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aftermath Of The July Revolution (Bangladesh)
The aftermath of the July Revolution includes the events and the series of significant political, constitutional, and social changes in Bangladesh that followed the mass uprising from July to August 2024 and the resignation of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. The revolution, which was initially sparked by widespread public protests and calls for reform, led to major changes in Bangladesh's political landscape. In the immediate aftermath of the revolution, the country faced violent unrest, a constitutional crisis and the formation of the interim government. These events prompted further protests and calls for reform, as well as extensive investigations. The entire period marked a pivotal moment in the nation's history, as it reshaped the country's governance, legal framework, and social fabric. Violence and destruction Domestic On August 5, 2024, following the resignation of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, Bangladesh experienced widespread violence targeting political establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extortion
Extortion is the practice of obtaining benefit (e.g., money or goods) through coercion. In most jurisdictions it is likely to constitute a criminal offence. Robbery is the simplest and most common form of extortion, although making unfounded threats in order to obtain an unfair business advantage is also a form of extortion. Extortion is sometimes called the " protection racket" because the racketeers often phrase their demands as payment for "protection" from (real or hypothetical) threats from unspecified other parties; though often, and almost always, such "protection" is simply abstinence of harm from the same party, and such is implied in the "protection" offer. Extortion is commonly practiced by organized crime. In some jurisdictions, actually obtaining the benefit is not required to commit the offense, and making a threat of violence which refers to a requirement of a payment of money or property to halt future violence is sufficient to commit the offense. Exaction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Five-Point Demand
Students Against Discrimination () is a platform of student activists in Bangladesh formed in 2024 during the nationwide student-led quota reform movement. The group was involved in the ousting of the country's former prime minister Sheikh Hasina on 5 August 2024 through the Student–People's uprising. It is an umbrella organization. It works on building the political range of Bangladesh, though it is a non-political organization. On 22 October 2024, the Students Against Discrimination and the Jatiya Nagorik Committee jointly announced a five-point demand, advocating for sweeping political and constitutional changes to dismantle what they describe as a "fascist political settlement" and replace it with a democratic one. History The organisation was created on 1 July 2024. On 8 July 2024, it announced a 65-member committee, comprising 23 coordinators and 42 co-coordinators, to make the movement a success after its creation. On 3 August, after the agitation grew in scal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elite Pact
An elite pact, settlement or political settlement is an agreement or understanding between political elites which moderates the violence and winner takes all nature of unrestrained conflict. Such settlements are often understood to transform government from an autocratic mode into more pluralistic, democratic form. However, others view the political settlement as normatively neutral. This concept in political theory is part of elite theory and state-building. Joel Migdal has suggested that the concept of political settlements has a pedigree going back to the work of Barrington Moore. Political settlements are the frameworks for governing a state established by elites, either through formal processes or informally over time. There are numerous definitions of political settlements and elite pacts, often including an emphasis on understandings between elites that bring about the conditions to end conflict, or maintain peace. In 2011 the World Bank's World Development Report sugg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Yunus
Muhammad Yunus (born 28 June 1940) is a Bangladeshi economist, entrepreneur, and civil society leader who has been serving as the Chief Adviser of Bangladesh, Chief Adviser of the Interim government of Muhammad Yunus, interim Yunus ministry, government of Bangladesh since 8 August 2024. Yunus pioneered the modern concept of microcredit and microfinance, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 as the first Bangladeshi. He is the founder of Grameen Bank. Born in Hathazari Upazila, Hathazari, Chittagong District, Chittagong, Yunus passed his matriculation and intermediate examinations from Chittagong Collegiate School and Chittagong College, respectively. He completed his BA from University of Dhaka and joined as a lecturer in Chittagong College. He obtained his PhD in economics from Vanderbilt University in the United States. After the Bangladesh famine of 1974, devastating famine of 1974, Yunus started to work on poverty elevation in Bangladesh. He began experim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yunus Ministry
An interim government led by Muhammad Yunus was formed on 8 August 2024 in Bangladesh, following the resignation of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on 5 August 2024 amid nationwide student and public protests against the government. Following the dissolution of the 12th Jatiya Sangsad on 6 August 2024, the interim cabinet will remain in office until a new Prime Minister is appointed after a snap general election. The government, like the previous non-caretaker government interim administrations (in 1975 and 1990), is extra-constitutional. However, Appellate Division, Supreme Court of Bangladesh affirmed the legality of the stopgap government on 9 August 2024, stating that the doctrine of necessity created an urgent need to manage state affairs and address the constitutional vacuum, similar to previous cases. The main pledge of his ministry is to forge consensus about and implement fundamental reforms that are required to hold a free and fair national election by June 2026. Presid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2024 Bangladesh Constitutional Crisis
An ongoing constitutional crisis emerged in Bangladesh on 5 August 2024, after the Prime Minister, Sheikh Hasina, resigned and shelter to India as protesters stormed her residence and office in Dhaka during a massive mass uprising. Hasina's flight to India triggered the constitutional crisis because the existing constitution has no provisions for an interim government or any other form of government in the event that the prime minister resigns and the parliament is dissolved. Although Article 123 of the constitution mandates general elections within 90 days following the dissolution of parliament, no clear guidelines exist for the powers and structure of an interim government. Several days after Hasina's departure, her son, Sajeeb Wazed, claimed she remained the incumbent prime minister of Bangladesh, as she had not signed a resignation letter. Three days after her flight, an interim government was formed, with Muhammad Yunus sworn in as Chief Adviser. Following the oath- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-cooperation Movement (2024)
The non-cooperation movement, also known as the one-point movement, was a pro-democratic disinvestment movement and a mass uprising against the Awami League-led government of Bangladesh, initiated within the framework of 2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement. The sole demand of this movement was the resignation of Prime Minister of Bangladesh, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and Fifth Hasina ministry, her cabinet. It was the final stage of the wider movement known as the July Revolution (Bangladesh), July Revolution. Although the movement was initially limited to the goal of reforming Quota system of Bangladesh Civil Service, quotas in government jobs, it snowballed into a mass anti-government uprising after the July massacre, mass killings against civilians. The movement was also fueled by ongoing socio-economic and political issues, including the government's mismanagement of the national economy, rampant corruption by government officials, human rights violations, allegations of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
