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Jamyang Donyo Gyaltsen
Jamyang Donyo Gyaltsen , in orthographic spelling, ''Jam dbyangs don yod rgyal mts'an'', who lived from (1310-1344) was a ruler of Sakya which had a precedence position in Tibet under the Yuan dynasty. He reigned from 1341 until his death in 1344. Background The hegemony of the Sakya Monastery over Tibet, established by Sakya Pandita and Phagpa in the 13th century, relied on a close working relation with the Mongol regime of the Yuan dynasty (1271-1368). Members of the Khon family usually held the functions of ''dansa chenpo'' or abbot-rulers, and ''Dishi'' or Imperial Preceptors. However, after the death of the old abbot-ruler Zangpo Pal in 1323, his numerous sons were divided up into four branches, namely Zhitog, Lhakhang, Rinchengang, and Ducho. Factional strife Internal trouble soon beset the Sakya complex, since the senior ruler Khatsun Namkha Lekpa Gyaltsen was more interested in religious than worldly business. In 1341 a clash occurred between the Zhitog and Rinche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sakya (tribe)
Shakya (Pāḷi: ; Sanskrit: ) was an ancient Indo-Aryan clan of the northeastern region of South Asia, whose existence is attested during the Iron Age. The Shakyas were organised into a (an aristocratic oligarchic republic), also known as the Shakya Republic. The Shakyas were on the periphery, both geographically and culturally, of the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain in the Greater Magadha cultural region. Location The Shakyas lived in the Terai – an area south of the foothills of the Himalayas and north of the Indo-Gangetic Plain with their neighbors to the west and south being the kingdom of Kosala, their neighbors to the east across the Rohni River being the related Koliya tribe, while on the northeast they bordered on the Mallakas of Kushinagar. To the north, the territory of the Shakyas stretched into the Himalayas until the forested regions of the mountains, which formed their northern border. The capital of the Shakyas was the city of Kapilavastu. Etymology The n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dpon-chen
The ''dpon-chen'' or ''pönchen'' (), literally the "great authority" or "great administrator", was the chief administrator or governor of Tibet based at the Sakya Monastery during the Yuan dynasty. The office was established in the 1260s and functioned as the Tibetan local government serving the Yuan emperors, unlike the Sakya Imperial Preceptors (''Dishi'') who were active in the Yuan imperial court. The Yuan dynasty set up a government agency and top-level administrative department known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs in Dadu (modern-day Beijing) that supervised Buddhist monks in addition to managing the territory of Tibet; one of the department's purposes was to select a dpon-chen to govern Tibet when the Sakya Lama (e.g. Drogön Chögyal Phagpa) was away. The Dpon-Chen was invariably a Tibetan nominated by the ruling Sakya Lama and approved by the reigning emperor. His function was, apart from being the chief executive head of the Sakya Government, to appoin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1310 Births
Year 1310 (Roman numerals, MCCCX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. Events January – March * January 19 – General Malik Kafur of the Delhi Sultanate begins the siege of Warangal (1310), siege of Warangal, capital of the Kakatiya kingdom in what is now the Indian state of Telangana. * January 26 – James II of Aragon ends the Siege of Almería (1309), siege of Almeria after five months without taking the city. * February 8 – The List of parliaments of England, English Parliament opens at Westminster, after being summoned on October 26. The Parliament will continue to meet until April 12. * February 9 – At Dublin, acting in his capacity as Monarchy of Ireland#Lords of Ireland, 1177–1542, Lord of Ireland, King Edward II of England (as Éadbhard II Shasana, ''Tiarna Éireann'') opens the first session of the Parliament of Ireland during his administration. The Irish Parliament will hold 14 sessions before being dismissed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Rulers Of Tibet
This article lists the rulers of Tibet from the beginning of legendary history. Included are regimes with their base in Central Tibet, that held authority over at least a substantial portion of the country. Pre-Imperial Yarlung dynasty * Nyatri Tsenpo * Mutri Tsenpo * Dingtri Tsenpo * Sotri Tsenpo * Mertri Tsenpo * Daktri Tsenpo * Siptri Tsenpo * Drigum Tsenpo * Pude Gunggyal * Esho Leg * Desho Leg * Tisho Leg * Gongru Leg * Drongzher Leg * Isho Leg * Zanam Zindé * Detrul Namzhungtsen * Senöl Namdé * Senöl Podé * Denöl Nam * Denöl Po * Degyal Po * Detring Tsen * Tore Longtsen * Tritsun Nam * Tridra Pungtsen * Tritog Jethogtsen * Lha Thothori * Trinyen Zungtsen * Drongnyen Deu * Tagri Nyenzig * Namri Songtsen Tibetan Empire * Songtsen Gampo 618–641 (son of Namri Songtsen) * Gungsong Gungtsen 641–646 (son) * Songtsen Gampo 646–649 (second time) * Mangsong Mangtsen 649–677 (son of Gungsong Gungtsen) * Tridu Songtsen 677–704 (s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sakya Trizin
Sakya Trizin ( "Sakya Throne-Holder") is the traditional title of the head of the Sakya (Tibetan Buddhist school), Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism.''Holy Biographies of the Great Founders of the Glorious Sakya Order'', translated by Venerable Lama Kalsang Gyaltsen, Ani Kunga Chodron and Victoria Huckenpahler. Published by Sakya Phuntsok Ling Publications, Silver Spring MD. June 2000. The Sakya school was founded in 1073 CE, when Khön Könchog Gyalpo (; 1034–1102), a member of Tibet's noble Khön family, established a monastery in the region of Sa'gya County, Sakya, Tibet, which became the headquarters of the Sakya order.''The History of the Sakya Tradition'', by Chogay Trichen. Manchester Free Press, U.K. 1983. Since that time, its leadership has descended within the Khön family. The 41st Sakya Trizin, whose reign spanned more than fifty years, was the longest reigning Sakya Trizin. The current Sakya Trizin is Gyana Vajra Rinpoche, officially known as Kyabgon Gongma Trizi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mongol Empire
The Mongol Empire was the List of largest empires, largest contiguous empire in human history, history. Originating in present-day Mongolia in East Asia, the Mongol Empire at its height stretched from the Sea of Japan to parts of Eastern Europe, extending northward into parts of the Arctic; eastward and southward into parts of the Indian subcontinent, mounting invasions of Southeast Asia, and conquering the Iranian plateau; and reaching westward as far as the Levant and the Carpathian Mountains. The Mongol Empire emerged from the unification of several nomad, nomadic tribes in the Mongol heartland under the leadership of Temüjin, known by the title of Genghis Khan (–1227), whom a council proclaimed as the ruler of all Mongols in 1206. The empire grew rapidly under his rule and that of his descendants, who sent out Mongol invasions, invading armies in every direction. The vast transcontinental empire connected the Eastern world, East with the Western world, West, and the Pac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Tibet
While the Tibetan plateau has been inhabited since pre-historic times, most of Tibet's history went unrecorded until the creation of Tibetan script in the 7th century. Tibetan texts refer to the kingdom of Zhangzhung (c. 500 BCE – 625 CE) as the precursor of later Tibetan kingdoms and the originators of the Bon religion. While mythical accounts of early rulers of the Yarlung dynasty exist, historical accounts begin with the introduction of Tibetan script from the unified Tibetan Empire in the 7th century. Following the dissolution of Tibetan Empire and a Era of Fragmentation, period of fragmentation in the 9th–10th centuries, a Buddhist revival in the 10th–12th centuries saw the development of three of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. After a period of control by the Mongol Empire and the Yuan dynasty, Tibet effectively became independent in the 14th century and was ruled by a succession of noble houses for the next 300 years. In the 16th century, the Dalai Lama t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibet Under Yuan Rule
Tibet under Yuan rule refers to the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty's rule over Tibet from approximately 1270 to 1354. During the Yuan dynasty, Tibet was administered by an organization that was structurally, militarily and administratively subordinate to the Yuan court. Tibet was conquered by the Mongols led by a general titled ''doord darkhan'' in 1240 and Mongol rule was established after Sakya Pandita obtained power over Tibet through the Mongols in 1244. This period and administration has been called the Sakya dynasty (, ) after the favored Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism. The region retained a degree of political autonomy under the Sakya lama, who was the ''de jure'' head of Tibet and a spiritual leader of the Mongol Empire under the priest and patron relationship. However, administrative and military rule of Tibet remained under the auspices of the Yuan government agency known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs (''Xuanzheng Yuan''), a top-level administrative depa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lama Dampa Sonam Gyaltsen
Sönam Gyaltsen, the Sakya (Tibetan Buddhist school), Sakya Lama Dampa () was a ruler of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism, who lived from (1312-1323) which had a precedence position in Tibet under the Yuan dynasty. He is considered the greatest Sakya scholar of the 14th century and served as ruler for a short term in 1344–1347. Sönam Gyaltsen is particularly notable for his scholarly works ''Clear Mirror on Royal Genealogy'', his commentary on the ''Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra'', his work on lamdre practice, as well as his work with Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen, Dölpopa Shérap Gyeltsen on the zhentong theory of the two truths doctrine. Political career Sönam Gyaltsen, usually just known by his title, "Lama Dampa", was one of the thirteen sons of the abbot-ruler (''dansa chenpo'') Zangpo Pal who governed the see from 1306 to 1323 and therefore had a key position in the politics of Tibet under the overlordship of the Yuan emperor. His mother was Machig Shonnu Bum. His original name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khatsun Namkha Lekpa Gyaltsen
Khatsun Namkha Lekpa Gyaltsen , orthographic spelling, , who lived from (1305-1343) was a ruler of Sakya, which had a precedence position in Tibet under the Yuan dynasty. He also held the title of guoshi from 1325 to his dethronement in 1341. Since the State Perceptor (Guoshi) had a more localized role, while the Imperial Preceptor (Dishi) held greater authority, he was more prominent in regional religious affairs than centralized ones, and his reign saw the beginning of the decline of Sakya hegemony in Tibet, as they could not effectively put down revolts, leading for the rival Phagmodrupa dynasty to gain significant control of the plateue and in the future, eventually succeed the weakened Mongol administered Sakya dynasty. A divided heritage Khatsun Namkha Lekpa Gyaltsen was one of the thirteen sons of the previous abbot-ruler () of Sakya, Zangpo Pal. His mother was Macig Yon Dagmo. Shortly before the death of his father, his elder brother, the imperial preceptor Kunga Lotro Gy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibet
Tibet (; ''Böd''; ), or Greater Tibet, is a region in the western part of East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are other ethnic groups such as Mongols, Monpa people, Monpa, Tamang people, Tamang, Qiang people, Qiang, Sherpa people, Sherpa, Lhoba people, Lhoba, and since the 20th century Han Chinese and Hui people, Hui. Tibet is the highest region on Earth, with an average elevation of . Located in the Himalayas, the highest elevation in Tibet is Mount Everest, Earth's highest mountain, rising above sea level. The Tibetan Empire emerged in the 7th century. At its height in the 9th century, the Tibetan Empire extended far beyond the Tibetan Plateau, from the Tarim Basin and Pamirs in the west, to Yunnan and Bengal in the southeast. It then divided into a variety of territories. The bulk of western and central Tibet (Ü-Tsang) was often at least nominally unified under a ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luciano Petech
Luciano Petech (8 June 1914, Trieste – 29 September 2010, Rome) was an Italian scholar of Himalayan history and the early relations between Tibet, Nepal and Italy. He was Chair of History of Eastern Asia at the University of Rome from 1955 to 1984. He was a student of the Italian explorer, academic, and scholar Giuseppe Tucci. Luciano Petech was born in 1914 and retired in 1984. He learned several European languages, including Latin, as well as Asian languages such as Tibetan, Chinese, Japanese, Newari, Sanskrit, Arabic, Hindi and Urdu. Biography Petech began his teaching career in India at 25 years old, as a reader in Italian at the University of Allahabad from 1938 to 1946. His first recorded article is for the '' Calcutta Review'' in 1939. His subject was the dramas and stories of the great Italian author Luigi Pirandello, who had recently died two years after being awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. He says “the people” in Italy had unfairly turned their backs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
