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Jamshid Amuzgar
Jamshid Amouzegar (; 25 June 1923 – 27 September 2016) was an Iranian economist, politician, and the prime minister of Iran from 7 August 1977 until his resignation on 27 August 1978. Prior to that, he served as the minister of interior and minister of finance in the cabinet of Amir-Abbas Hoveida. He was the leader of Rastakhiz Party during his tenure as prime minister of Iran. Early life and education Jamshid was born on 25 June 1923 in Tehran, Iran. His father was Habibollah Amouzegar, a leading lawyer and politician, and he had a brother, Jahangir. He graduated from Tehran University with degrees in law and engineering, and then attended Cornell University, where he received a Ph.D in 1950. Career Amouzegar served as deputy minister in Iran's ministry of health under Jahanshah Saleh in 1955. In 1959, Amouzegar replaced Hassan Akhavi as agriculture minister when Akhavi was removed from the cabinet of Prime Minister Manouchehr Eghbal. He was appointed minister of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Iran
The prime minister of Iran was a political post that had existed in Iran (Persia) during much of the 20th century. It began in 1906 during the Qajar dynasty and into the start of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1923 and into the 1979 Iranian Revolution before being abolished in 1989. History of the office Qajar era In the Qajar era, prime ministers were known by different titles. The post itself was mainly known as ''ataabak'' or ''ataabak-e a'zam'' (grand ''ataabak''), or sometimes ''sadr-e a'zam'' (premier) at the beginning, but became ''ra'is ol-vozaraa'' (head of ministers) at the end. The title of ''nakhost vazir'' (prime minister) was rarely used. The prime minister was usually called by the honorific title ''hazrat-e ashraf''. Reza Khan Sardar Sepah became the last prime minister of the Qajar dynasty in 1923. For a list of Iranian 'prime ministers' prior to 1907 see List of grand viziers of Persia. Pahlavi era In 1925, Reza Shah became the Shah of Iran. He installed Moha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jahangir Amouzegar
Jahangir Amouzegar (; January 13, 1920– January 17, 2018) was an Iranian economist, academic and politician. Biography Amouzegar was born on January 13, 1920. His father was Habibollah Amouzegar, a leading lawyer and politician. He had a brother, Jamshid Amuzegar. Jahangir Amouzegar held a bachelor's degree in economy from Tehran University. He pursued his studies and eventually got a doctorate from UCLA. An economist by training, Amuzegar served as minister of commerce and minister of finance of Iran from 26 May 1962 to 19 July 1962. He also acted as an executive director of the International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 191 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of las .... He died on 17 January 2018 in the United States, 4 days after his 98th birthday. Books *''Managing the Oil Wealth: Opec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Price Of Oil
The price of oil, or the oil price, generally refers to the spot price of a barrel () of benchmark crude oil—a reference price for buyers and sellers of crude oil such as West Texas Intermediate (WTI), Brent Crude, Dubai Crude, OPEC Reference Basket, Tapis crude, Bonny Light, Urals oil, Isthmus, and Western Canadian Select (WCS). Oil prices are determined by global supply and demand, rather than any country's domestic production level. Through the years The global price of crude oil was relatively consistent in the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. This changed in the 1970s, with a significant increase in the price of oil globally. There have been a number of structural drivers of global oil prices historically, including oil supply, demand, and storage shocks, and shocks to global economic growth affecting oil prices. Notable events driving significant price fluctuations include the 1973 OPEC oil embargo targeting nations that had supported I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmed Zaki Yamani
Ahmed Zaki Yamani (; 30 June 1930 – 23 February 2021) was a Saudi Arabian politician who served as Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources under four Saudi monarchs from 1962 to 1986, and a minister in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) for 25 years. With degrees from institutions including New York University School of Law, Harvard Law School, and a doctorate from the University of Exeter, Yamani became a close adviser to the Saudi government in 1958 and then became oil minister in 1962. He is known for his role during the 1973 oil embargo, when he spurred OPEC to quadruple the price of crude oil. In December 1975, Yamani and the other OPEC ministers were taken hostage by the terrorist Carlos (the Jackal) in Vienna, Austria. The hostages were released after two days riding an airplane across North Africa, even though Carlos was ordered by his superiors to execute Yamani and his Iranian counterpart Jamshid Amouzegar. Yamani was dismissed as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OPEC
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC ) is an organization enabling the co-operation of leading oil-producing and oil-dependent countries in order to collectively influence the global oil market and maximize Profit (economics), profit. It was founded on 14 September 1960 in Baghdad by the first five members: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela. The organization, which currently comprises 12 member countries, accounted for 38 percent of List of countries by oil production, global oil production, according to a 2022 report. Additionally, it is estimated that 79.5 percent of the world's proven oil reserves are located within OPEC nations, with the Middle East alone accounting for 67.2 percent of OPEC's total reserves.Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. (2023). ''OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin'' (58th ed.), 90 pages. Retrieved from https://asb.opec.org/. ISSN: 0475-0608. (See pages 7 and 22). In a series of steps in the 1960s and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amir Abbas Hoveida
Amir-Abbas Hoveyda (; 18 February 1919 – 7 April 1979) was an Iranian economist and politician who served as Prime Minister of Iran from 27 January 1965 to 7 August 1977. He was the longest serving prime minister in Iran's history. He also served as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance in Mansur's cabinet. After the Iranian Revolution, he was tried by the newly established Revolutionary Court for "waging war against God" and spreading corruption on earth (''Mofsed-e-filarz'') and executed. Early life and education Born in Tehran in 1919 to Habibollah Hoveyda (Ayn ol-Molk), a seasoned diplomat, who was mostly active during the latter years of the Qajar dynasty, and Afsar ol-Moluk, a descendant of the royal family that Hoveyda would serve for much of his adult life. Hoveyda's father was a lapsed adherent of the Baháʼí Faith and Hoveyda himself was not religious. He was the nephew of Abdol Hossein Sardari, also known as " Schindler of Iran". Because of the re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hasan-ali Mansour
Hasan Ali Mansur (; 13 April 1923 – 26 January 1965) was an Iranian politician who served as Prime Minister from 1964 to 1965. He served during the White Revolution of the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and was assassinated by a member of the Fada'iyan-e Islam. Early life and education Hassan Ali was born in Tehran on 13 April 1923 to Prime Minister Ali Mansur (Mansur ol-Molk) and daughter of Zahir ol-Molk Raiss. He received primary education in Tehran and graduated from Firooz Bahram High School. During the World War II era, he entered Law School at the University of Tehran and graduated with a degree in political science. Career In the post World War II era, Mansour started his political career by entering the foreign ministry and completed several internal and foreign assignments including tours of Germany and France. In the 1950s, this thirty-year-old was twice appointed chief of prime minister's office, first for a brief period because of change in government, and sec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Hassan Ali Mansur
The cabinet led by Prime Minister Hassan Ali Mansur was inaugurated on 7 March 1964. It replaced the second government of Asadollah Alam. Mansur's cabinet was the first of party-governments in Iran. It was led by the Iran Novin Party and was approved by the Majlis (, pl. ') is an Arabic term meaning 'sitting room', used to describe various types of special gatherings among common interest groups of administrative, social or religious nature in countries with linguistic or cultural connections to the Mus ... on 8 March. It enjoyed nearly full confirmation at the Majlis, including the members of the opposition party, People's Party. The cabinet's term ended in January 1965 when Hassan Ali Mansur was assassinated. Next cabinet was formed by Amir Abbas Hoveyda. Cabinet members The cabinet was consisted of the following twenty-two members. Some members served in the previous cabinet led by Asadollah Alam, and most of them were part of the Iran Novin Party. Four new ministrie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manouchehr Eghbal
Manouchehr Eghbal (; September 1909 – 25 November 1977) was an Iranian physician and royalist politician. He was the Prime Minister of Iran from 1957 to 1960. Early life and education Eghbal was born in Mashhad in September 1909, and his family was from Khorasan. He had an older brother, Ali. Eghbal studied at Darolfonoon. He finished his advanced studies in medicine at the University of Paris in 1933. Career and activities Following his graduation in 1933 Eghbal was employed as a physician in Mashhad. During the 1940s he was made deputy health minister. He was a member of the French Academy of Medicine. He was named as the undersecretary of the Ministry of Health in 1943. In 1950, Eghbal was appointed chancellor of Tabriz University. He was named as the governor of Azerbaijan in 1950 and held the post until 1952. He became chancellor of Tehran University in 1954. Five years later he became Iran's envoy to UNESCO. He then taught at Sorbonne for a while and became a membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Manouchehr Eghbal
The cabinet led by Prime Minister Manouchehr Eghbal of Iran lasted for three years between April 1957 and September 1960 making it one of the longest tenure cabinets of the Pahlavi rule. The cabinet succeeded the second cabinet of Hossein Ala' who resigned on 3 April 1957. Activities and end Manouchehr Eghbal's cabinet was inaugurated on 4 April 1957. Eghbal was the head of the Nationalists' Party. The opposition party was People's Party of Asadollah Alam. One of the first activities of the cabinet was to terminate the martial law on 7 April. However, some of the cabinet members were military officers, including Hassan Akhavi and Ahmad Vosuq. Most of the activities of the cabinet were in line with the political agenda of the Shah. The cabinet program was approved by the Majlis on 14 April receiving 110 favor votes to 0 against votes with 4 abstentions. Three days later on 17 April the cabinet was endorsed by the Senate with 30 favor votes to 0 against votes with 3 abstentio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hassan Akhavi
Hassan Akhavi (1908–17 April 1997) was an Iranian military officer who played an active role in the overthrown of Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in 1953. He briefly served as the minister of agriculture in the period 1957–1959 and retired from military offices and politics. Following the regime change in Iran in 1979 he settled in the United States. Biography Akhavi was born in Tehran in 1908. Following his graduation from the officer's college he joined the Imperial Iranian Army. He held various military posts, including chief of staff in Khuzestan. In the 1940s he was a member of the Aria Party led by Hasan Arfa. In fact, Akhavi was the leader of its military wing. Hossein Fardoust in his memoirs published in 1978 argued that Akhavi was one of the major liaisons between the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and army officers who were planning a coup against the government of Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in 1953. During this period Akhavi's military rank was colonel, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jahanshah Saleh
Jahanshah Saleh (1905–1995) was an Iranian physician and politician. He served as health minister and education minister in the 1950s and 1960s. He was the obstetrician of Queen Farah Diba, spouse of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. Early life and education Saleh was born in Kashan in 1905. He obtained a degree in obstetrics and gynecology from Columbia University, the US. He received further education at Syracuse University in the USA on gynecology. He graduated from the university in 1934 and returned to Iran. Career Saleh worked at the faculty of medicine in Tehran and was promoted to the title of associate professor. Later he became professor of gynecology. In 1936 he was appointed instructional head of the newly founded nursing school in Tehran. He headed the surgery department of women at Vaziri Hospital and also headed the midwifery school. He also worked at the Women's Hospital which was later renamed Jahanshah Saleh Hospital. In 1948 Saleh was appointed dean of the faculty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
