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James Taft Hatfield
James Taft Hatfield (15 June 1862 – 3 October 1945) was an American philologist and professor at Northwestern University where for many years he was the head of the German Department. Although he also published works on comparative linguistics, Sanskrit, church music, and American folklore, he was primarily known for his contributions to German studies, and in particular his studies on the writings of Goethe and Wilhelm Müller and on the influence of German culture in the works of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. Life and career Hatfield was born in Brooklyn, New York into a family of prominent Methodist clergymen. After completing his secondary education at Rugby Academy in Philadelphia, he attended Northwestern University, receiving his BA in 1883 and his MA in 1886. Between 1884 and 1886 he also taught classics at Rust College and at the McCormack Institute, a private Methodist school in DeFuniak Springs, Florida.Füchtner, Veronika (2003)"Hatfield, James Taft" ''Internationales Ge ...
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Evanston, Illinois
Evanston is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States, situated on the North Shore (Chicago), North Shore along Lake Michigan. A suburb of Chicago, Evanston is north of Chicago Loop, downtown Chicago, bordered by Chicago to the south, Skokie, Illinois, Skokie to the west, Wilmette, Illinois, Wilmette to the north, and Lake Michigan to the east. Evanston had a population of 78,110 . Founded by Methodist business leaders in 1857, the city was incorporated in 1863. Evanston is home to Northwestern University, founded in 1851 before the city's incorporation, one of the world's leading research university, research universities. Today known for its ethnically diverse population, Evanston is heavily shaped by the influence of Chicago, externally, and Northwestern, internally. The city and the university share a historically complex long-standing relationship. History Prior to the 1830s, the area now occupied by Evanston was mainly uninhabited, consisting largely of wetlands a ...
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Juvencus
Gaius Vettius Aquilinus Juvencus (fl. c. 330) was a Roman Empire, Roman Christians, Christian poet from Hispania who wrote in Latin. Life The only source on Juvencus's life is Jerome.Jerome's De Viris Illustribus, De viris, chapter 84; Chron., ad an. 2345; Epist. lxx, 5; In Matt., I, ii, 11. He was a Spaniard of very good birth, became a priest, and wrote in the time of Constantine I. From one passage in his work (II, 806, sq.) and from Jerome's Chronicle it must be inferred that he wrote about the year 330. Works His poem, in dactylic hexameters, is entitled ''Evangeliorum libri IV'' (The Four Books of the Gospels). It is a history of Christ according to the Gospels, particularly Gospel of Matthew, that of Matthew. He goes to the other Evangelists for what he does not find in Matthew — as the story of the Infancy of Christ, which he takes from Gospel of Luke, Luke. He follows his model very closely, "almost literally", as St. Jerome says. The whole problem for him is to rende ...
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Sea Shanties
A sea shanty, shanty, chantey, or chanty () is a genre of traditional folk song that was once commonly sung as a work song to accompany rhythmical labor aboard large merchant sailing vessels. The term ''shanty'' most accurately refers to a specific style of work song belonging to this historical repertoire. However, in recent, popular usage, the scope of its definition is sometimes expanded to admit a wider range of repertoire and characteristics, or to refer to a "maritime work song" in general. From Latin ''cantare'' via French ''chanter'', the word ''shanty'' emerged in the mid-19th century in reference to an appreciably distinct genre of work song, developed especially on merchant vessels, that had come to prominence in the decades prior to the American Civil War. Shanty songs functioned to synchronize and thereby optimize labor, in what had then become larger vessels having smaller crews and operating on stricter schedules.Doerflinger, William Main, ''Songs of the Sailor ...
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Deutsche Akademie
The Academy for the Scholarly Research and Fostering of Germandom (''die Akademie zur Wissenschaftlichen Erforschung und Pflege des Deutschtums''), or German Academy (''die Deutsche Akademie'', ), was a German cultural institute founded in 1925 at Munich, under the Weimar Republic. Its founders included the geopolitician Karl Haushofer, who coined the political use of the term ''Lebensraum'' and strongly influenced Nazi ideology. Between 1939 and 1942, it was headed by Ludwig Siebert, a Nazi politician and the prime minister of Bavaria, and it became "the most important organisation representing Nazi cultural policy" abroad. The Academy was banned under American occupation in 1945, and in 1951, the West German government replaced it with the present-day Goethe-Institut The Goethe-Institut (; GI, ''Goethe Institute'') is a Nonprofit organization, nonprofit German culture, cultural organization operational worldwide with more than 150 cultural centres, promoting the study ...
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Modernism
Modernism was an early 20th-century movement in literature, visual arts, and music that emphasized experimentation, abstraction, and Subjectivity and objectivity (philosophy), subjective experience. Philosophy, politics, architecture, and social issues were all aspects of this movement. Modernism centered around beliefs in a "growing Marx's theory of alienation, alienation" from prevailing "morality, optimism, and Convention (norm), convention" and a desire to change how "social organization, human beings in a society interact and live together". The modernist movement emerged during the late 19th century in response to significant changes in Western culture, including secularization and the growing influence of science. It is characterized by a self-conscious rejection of tradition and the search for newer means of cultural expressions, cultural expression. Modernism was influenced by widespread technological innovation, industrialization, and urbanization, as well as the cul ...
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Literary Realism
Literary realism is a movement and genre of literature that attempts to represent mundane and ordinary subject-matter in a faithful and straightforward way, avoiding grandiose or exotic subject-matter, exaggerated portrayals, and speculative elements such as supernatural events and alternative worlds. It encompasses both fiction (''realistic fiction'') and nonfiction writing. Literary realism is a subset of the broader realist art movement that began with mid- nineteenth-century French literature ( Stendhal) and Russian literature (Alexander Pushkin). It attempts to represent familiar things, including everyday activities and experiences, as they truly are. Background Broadly defined as "the representation of reality", realism in the arts is the attempt to represent subject matter truthfully, without artificiality and avoiding artistic conventions, as well as implausible, exotic and supernatural elements. Realism has been prevalent in the arts at many periods, and is in large ...
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Bradley-Martin Ball
The Bradley-Martin Ball was a lavish Costume party, costume ball at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, Waldorf Hotel in New York City on the night of February 10, 1897. Cornelia Bradley-Martin, wife of Bradley Martin, organized the ball. Eight hundred socialites spent about $400,000 imitating kings and queens. Bradley-Martin's stated intention was to create an economic stimulus for New York City, which was at the end of the Long Depression which began in 1873 and included the Panic of 1893. The Bradley-Martins spent approximately $9.7 million in today's money to throw the ball. Across the country, preachers and editorial writers argued over the propriety of a party that would cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. In the end, the ball was a social triumph but created negative publicity.McGerr, Michael. ''A Fierce Discontent''. Oxford University Press, Inc. NY, pages 4-6, 2003. Before the Ball Although the Bradley-Martin's stated intention was to benefit New York city through an economic ...
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Vanderbilt Family
The Vanderbilt family is an American family who gained prominence during the Gilded Age. Their success began with the shipping and railroad empires of Cornelius Vanderbilt, and the family expanded into various other areas of industry and philanthropy. Cornelius Vanderbilt's descendants went on to build grand mansions on Fifth Avenue in New York City; luxurious "summer cottages" in Newport, Rhode Island; the palatial Biltmore House in Asheville, North Carolina; and various other opulent homes. The family also built Berkshire cottages in the western region of Massachusetts; examples include Elm Court (Lenox and Stockbridge, Massachusetts). The Vanderbilts were once the wealthiest family in the United States. Cornelius Vanderbilt was the richest American until his death in 1877. After that, his son William Henry Vanderbilt acquired his father's fortune, and was the richest American until his death in 1885. The Vanderbilts' prominence lasted until the mid-20th century, when th ...
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The Milwaukee Journal
The ''Milwaukee Journal Sentinel'' is a daily morning broadsheet printed in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where it is the primary newspaper and also the largest newspaper in the state of Wisconsin, where it is widely read. It was purchased by the Gannett Company in 2016.Gannett Completes Acquisition of Journal Media Group
. ''USA Today'', April 11, 2016.
In early 2003, the ''Milwaukee Journal Sentinel'' began printing at a new facility in West Milwaukee. In September 2006, the ''Journal Sentinel'' announced it had "signed a five-year agreement to print the national edition of ''

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Modern Language Association
The Modern Language Association of America, often referred to as the Modern Language Association (MLA), is widely considered the principal professional association in the United States for scholars of language and literature. The MLA aims to "strengthen the study and teaching of language and literature".About the MLA"
''mla.org'', Modern Language Association, 9 July 2008, Web, 25 April 2009.
The organization includes over 20,000 members in 100 countries, primarily academic scholars, s, and graduate students who study or teach language and literature, includ ...
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Chicago Tribune
The ''Chicago Tribune'' is an American daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1847, it was formerly self-styled as the "World's Greatest Newspaper", a slogan from which its once integrated WGN (AM), WGN radio and WGN-TV, WGN television received their call letters. It is the most-read daily newspaper in the Chicago metropolitan area and the Great Lakes region, and the List of newspapers in the United States, sixth-largest newspaper by print circulation in the United States. In the 1850s, under Joseph Medill, the ''Chicago Tribune'' became closely associated with the Illinois politician Abraham Lincoln, and the then new Republican Party (United States), Republican Party's progressive wing. In the 20th century, under Medill's grandson 'Colonel' Robert R. McCormick, its reputation was that of a crusading newspaper with an outlook that promoted Conservatism in the United States, American conservatism and opposed the New Deal. Its reporting and commenta ...
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Chicago Record-Herald
The ''Chicago Record-Herald'' was a newspaper published in Chicago, Illinois from 1901 until 1914. It was the successor to the '' Chicago Morning Herald,'' the '' Chicago Times Herald'' and the ''Chicago Record''. H. H. Kohlsaat, owner of the ''Times-Herald'', bought the ''Chicago Record'' from Chicago Daily News publisher Victor F. Lawson in 1901 and merged it with the ''Times-Herald'' to form the ''Record-Herald''. Frank B. Noyes became part-owner of the new newspaper at the time and served as publisher, with Kohlsaat as editor. Kohlsaat retired from the paper in 1902, but re-purchased it from Noyes in 1910 to serve as editor and publisher. In May 1914, the circulation of the ''Chicago Record-Herald'' was reported to be 149,776 daily and 209,105 on Sunday.(5 May 1914)May Get Record-Herald ''The New York Times'' It was then acquired by James Keeley, then general manager of the ''Chicago Tribune'', who also bought the ''Chicago Inter Ocean'' out of receivership at the same ti ...
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