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James Nedeham
James Nedeham or Nedham (died 1544) was an English architect who was Clerk of the King's Works for Henry VIII. Family background His family had Derbyshire origins and his grandfather lived at Needham Grange at Hartington Middle Quarter. He was a relation of the Elizabethan merchant and prospector George Nedham. Royal works He became a member of the London Carpenter's Company in 1514. First serving the royal works as a carpenter, Nedeham was appointed Clerk of the King's Works on 1 October 1532. He was a successor to the Master Carpenter Humphrey Coke, and he was employed as a military carpenter at Calais in 1522, and as a gunner the Tower of London in 1525. He constructed galleries around the garden of the London house of the Marquess of Exeter in 1530. At Windsor Castle, he was involved in the construction of a new terrace on the north side. There were benches and Henry VIII used it as a range for his hand guns. The terrace was built on a series of brick vaults which also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Office Of Works
The Office of Works was an organisation responsible for structures and exterior spaces, first established as part of the English royal household in 1378 to oversee the building and maintenance of the royal castles and residences. In 1832 it became the Works Department within the Office of Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, Works and Buildings. It was reconstituted as a government department in 1851, which in 1940 became part of the Ministry of Works. Organisation and key positions Surveyor, Comptroller and Architect The organisation of the office varied; senior posts included Surveyor of the King's Works (1578–1782) and Comptroller of the King's Works (1423–1782). In 1782 these offices were merged into Surveyor-General and Comptroller. After the death of the Surveyor-General and Comptroller James Wyatt in 1813, a non-professional Surveyor-General was appointed: Major-General Sir Benjamin Stephenson. He was assisted by three "Attached Architects": Sir John Soane, John ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anne Boleyn
Anne Boleyn (; 1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536) was List of English royal consorts, Queen of England from 1533 to 1536, as the Wives of Henry VIII, second wife of King Henry VIII. The circumstances of her marriage and execution, by beheading for treason, made her a key figure in the political and religious upheaval that marked the start of the English Reformation. Anne was the daughter of Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, Thomas Boleyn (later Earl of Wiltshire), and his wife, Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire, Elizabeth Howard, and was educated in the Seventeen Provinces, Netherlands and Kingdom of France, France. Anne returned to England in early 1522, to marry her cousin James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond; the marriage plans were broken off, and instead, she secured a post at court as maid of honour to Henry VIII's wife, Catherine of Aragon. Early in 1523, Anne was secretly betrothed to Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland, Henry Percy, son of Henry Percy, 5th Ear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
16th-century English Architects
The 16th century began with the Julian year 1501 (represented by the Roman numerals MDI) and ended with either the Julian or the Gregorian year 1600 (MDC), depending on the reckoning used (the Gregorian calendar introduced a lapse of 10 days in October 1582). The Renaissance in Italy and Europe saw the emergence of important artists, authors and scientists, and led to the foundation of important subjects which include accounting and political science. Copernicus proposed the heliocentric universe, which was met with strong resistance, and Tycho Brahe refuted the theory of celestial spheres through observational measurement of the 1572 appearance of a Milky Way supernova. These events directly challenged the long-held notion of an immutable universe supported by Ptolemy and Aristotle, and led to major revolutions in astronomy and science. Galileo Galilei became a champion of the new sciences, invented the first thermometer and made substantial contributions in the fields of phy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1544 Deaths
__NOTOC__ Events January–March * January 4 – In India, Maldeo Rathore, King of Marwar (now part of the state of Rajasthan) is tricked by counterintelligence spread by Mughal Emperor and Afghan Shah Sher Shah Suri into departing from Jodhpur. The Battle of Sammel begins shortly afterward and is won by the Afghan and Mughal armies. * January 13 – At Västerås, the estates of Sweden swear loyalty to King Gustav Vasa and to his heirs, ending the traditional electoral monarchy in Sweden. Gustav subsequently signs an alliance with the Kingdom of France. * January 24 – During a solar eclipse visible over the Netherlands, Dutch mathematician and designer Gemma Frisius makes the first recorded use of a camera obscura and uses it to observe the event without directly looking at the Sun. Frisius writes about the event the next year and illustrates it in his book ''De Radio Astronomica et Geometrica'' (''Regarding rays of light in astronomy and geometry''). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All Hallows Lombard Street
All Hallows Lombard Street, also seen with the descriptor Gracechurch Street, was a parish church in the City of London. It stood behind thin buildings fronting both streets in Langbourn Ward, The west and south sides faced into Ball Alley. Of medieval origin, it was rebuilt after the Great Fire of London. It was demolished in 1937; its tower was reconstructed at Twickenham as part of the new church of All Hallows, which also received its bells and complete interior fittings. Medieval church All Hallows is first recorded in 1054, when a citizen of London called Brihtmerus gave its patronage to the prior and chapter of Canterbury Cathedral. John Stow (d. 1605), recording all of London, calls it "All Hallows Grasse Church" because "the grass market went down that way, when that street was far broader than now it is". The church was rebuilt around the beginning of the 16th century. The south aisle is recorded as having been completed in 1516. A north aisle and other works we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Little Wymondley
Little Wymondley is a village in the parish of Wymondley, in the North Hertfordshire district of Hertfordshire, England. It lies south-east of Hitchin, its post town, and a similar distance north-west of Stevenage. The built-up area of Little Wymondley had an estimated population of 1,002 in 2022. Despite the names, Little Wymondley is now larger than its neighbour Great Wymondley. History The Domesday Book of 1086 records 58 households at Wymondley, with the land being divided between four owners. It does not distinguish between Little Wymondley and Great Wymondley, but later historians have deduced that the lands Robert Gernon and Odo of Bayeux correspond to Little Wymondley, whilst the lands of Gosbert of Beauvais and those held directly by King William were Great Wymondley. Wymondley was anciently part of the parish of Hitchin. There was a church at Great Wymondley by the 12th century, which was originally a chapel of ease to St Mary's Church, Hitchin. The church at Grea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egham
Egham ( ) is a town in the Borough of Runnymede in Surrey, England, approximately west of central London. First settled in the Bronze Age, the town was under the control of Chertsey Abbey for much of the Middle Ages. In 1215, Magna Carta was sealed by John, King of England, King John at Runnymede, to the north of Egham, having been chosen for its proximity to the King's residence at Windsor Castle, Windsor. Under the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the early 16th Century, the major, formerly ecclesiastical, Manorialism, manorial freehold (law), freehold interests in the town and various market revenues passed to Crown Estate, the Crown. In the 17th and 18th centuries, Egham became a stop on stagecoach, coaching routes between London and many places to the west. The importance of this shrank from the building of the Great Western Railway, Western and London and South Western Railway, South Western Railways but was for many decades offset by the stark growth in the demographic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christopher Morris (Master Of The Ordnance)
Sir Christopher Morris (3 September 1544), which has also been spelt Morrys, Morice or Mores, was an English gunner, general, military administrator, commissioner, and diplomat during the reign of Henry VIII. He served as Master Gunner of England in 1537 and promoted to Master of the Ordnance on 28 April 1544 until his death in September 1544. Family and Knighting Sir Christopher Morris, a member of the Morris of London family can trace his family to William Mores (Morris), who served as Sergeant of the Hall to King Henry VII. Sir Christopher Morris married to Eliza Clifford on 18 June 1543, and no children were recorded. His wife, Lady Morris passed away in 1551 and was interred at St Olave Old Jewry. On 15 November 1538, Christopher was knighted by King Henry VIII. Sir Christopher was granted Arms by the College that same year. Arms: ''Azure, a battle-axe in bend sinister surmounted by a tilting-spear in bend dexter Or, headed Argent, between four cannons of the secon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewel House
The Jewel House is a vault housing the British Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom, Crown Jewels in the Waterloo Block (formerly a barracks) at the Tower of London. It was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1994 and refurbished in 2012. Regalia have been kept in various parts of the Tower since the 14th century after a series of successful and attempted thefts at Westminster Abbey. History Pre-17th century A Keeper of the Crown Jewels was appointed in 1207. Over the subsequent centuries his title varied, from Keeper of the King's Jewels, Master of the Jewel House, Master and Treasurer of the King's Jewels and Plate, or Keeper of the Jewel House. He was also Treasurer of the Chamber, a division of the Royal Household of the monarch. In this position he was also called Keeper of the Court Wardrobe, Keeper of the Privy Wardrobe, or Receiver of the Chamber. In this capacity, he represented the Lord Treasurer's interests in the regalia, and the wardrobe and privy wardrobe. Beca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Wymondley
Great Wymondley is a village in the civil parish of Wymondley, in the North Hertfordshire district of Hertfordshire, England. It lies east of Hitchin. Despite the names, Great Wymondley is now smaller than its neighbour, Little Wymondley. History Roman The Wymondley area was inhabited in Roman Britain, Roman times. Wymondley Roman Villa lies to the west of the village near Purwell Ninesprings, Ninesprings in the valley of the River Purwell. Traditionally, the site has been interpreted as a Roman villa, but following excavations, more recent thinking is that the remains are a Thermae, bathhouse. In the late 19th century the historian Frederic Seebohm (historian), Frederic Seebohm, who lived in Hitchin, studied the layout of local villages, including Wymondley's field system. In publications such as ''The English Village Community'' (1883), he looked at continuity between Roman and English villages. Seebohm was aware that there was a Roman road east of Wymondley, passing throug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Cromwell
Thomas Cromwell (; – 28 July 1540) was an English statesman and lawyer who served as List of English chief ministers, chief minister to King Henry VIII from 1534 to 1540, when he was beheaded on orders of the king, who later blamed false charges for the execution. Cromwell was one of the most powerful proponents of the English Reformation. As the king's chief secretary, he instituted new administrative procedures that transformed the workings of government. He helped to engineer an annulment of the King's marriage to Catherine of Aragon so that Henry could lawfully marry Anne Boleyn. Henry failed to obtain the approval of Pope Clement VII for the annulment in 1533, so Parliament endorsed the king's claim to be Supreme Head of the Church of England, giving him the authority to annul his own marriage. Cromwell subsequently charted an Lutheranism, evangelical and reformist course for the Church of England from the unique posts of Vicegerent in Spirituals and Vicar-general (the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippa Of Hainault
Philippa of Hainault (sometimes spelled Hainaut; Middle French: ''Philippe de Hainaut''; 24 June 1310 (or 1315) – 15 August 1369) was List of English consorts, Queen of England as the wife and political adviser of King Edward III. She acted as regent in 1346,Strickland, Agnes. ''Lives of the Queens of England: From the Norman Conquest'' when her husband was away for the Hundred Years' War. Daughter of William I, Count of Hainaut and French princess Joan of Valois, Countess of Hainaut, Joan of Valois, Philippa was engaged to Edward, Prince of Wales, in 1326. Their marriage was celebrated in York Minster on 24 January 1328, some months after Edward's accession to the throne of England and Isabella of France's infamous invasion.Un parchemin daté du 15 August 1328 à Northampton, au sceau disparu, énonce qu'Edouard (III), roi d'Angleterre, confirme la fixation du douaire de son épouse Philippa de Hainaut. ''In, G. Wymans, " Inventaire analytique du chartrier de la Trésorerie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
