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Jakub Tomasz Nowakowski
Jakub Tomasz Nowakowski, pseud. "Tomek", "Tomasz" (born 4 December 1924) is a Polish zoologist, participant of the Warsaw Uprising, independence conspiracy activist during World War II, and a retired Major (rank), major of the Polish Armed Forces. Biography Before the World War II, he attended the Military Family Association School on Czarnecki Street in Warsaw, and later the Adam Skwarczyński Public Elementary School. At the outbreak of World War II, he was a student at the Tadeusz Czacki State Men's Gymnasium in Warsaw. During the Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), German occupation, he joined the independence conspiracy within the 1st Platoon - 1st Company "Maciek" – Zośka Battalion – Broda 53 Diversionary Brigade – Kedyw of the Main Command of the Home Army. When the Warsaw Uprising began, due to the isolation of Żoliborz, he could not join his parent unit and thus fought during the uprising in the ranks of Platoon 226 – Żniwiarz Group – Żoliborz Subdistric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw
Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at 1.86 million residents within a Warsaw metropolitan area, greater metropolitan area of 3.27 million residents, which makes Warsaw the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 6th most-populous city in the European Union. The city area measures and comprises List of districts and neighbourhoods of Warsaw, 18 districts, while the metropolitan area covers . Warsaw is classified as an Globalization and World Cities Research Network#Alpha 2, alpha global city, a major political, economic and cultural hub, and the country's seat of government. It is also the capital of the Masovian Voivodeship. Warsaw traces its origins to a small fishing town in Masovia. The city rose to prominence in the late 16th cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Żoliborz
Żoliborz () is one of the northern dzielnica, districts of the city of Warsaw. It is located directly to the north of the Warszawa-Śródmieście, City Centre, on the left bank of the Vistula river. It has approximately 50,000 inhabitants and is one of the smallest boroughs of Warsaw. Despite its small size, the district has many green areas and mostly consists of low-rise architecture. Historically an upscale neighborhood and home to Warsaw's intelligentsia prior to World War II, Żoliborz is the second most expensive residential district in Warsaw after Śródmieście, Warsaw, Śródmieście. History In the 18th century the area belonged to the Piarists of a monastery in the nearby city of Warsaw. The monks started to parcel the grounds and allowed for the creation of various settlements on their fields, which were parceled between several villages. One of them was named ''Joli Bord'' (''Beautiful Embankment'' in French, which was later transcribed to Polish language as Żoli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogdan Bartłomiej Nowakowski
Bogdan (Cyrillic: Богдан) is a Slavic masculine name that appears in the South Slavic languages and in Polish, Romanian and Moldovan. It is derived from the Slavic words ''Bog'' (Cyrillic: Бог), meaning 'god', and ''dan'' (Cyrillic: дан), meaning 'given'. The name appears to be an early calque from Greek Theódoros (Theodore, Theodosius) or Hebrew Matthew with the same meaning. The name is also used as a surname in Hungary, Romania, Serbia and Croatia. Bogdana is the feminine version of the name. Variations The sound change of 'g' into 'h' (into Bohdan) occurred in the West Slavic languages and in Ukrainian. Both Bogdan and Bohdan are used in Poland. Slavic variants include Bulgarian and Serbo-Croatian Božidar (Божидар) and Polish Bożydar, and diminutive forms and nicknames include Boguś, Bodya, Boca, Boci, Boća, Boša, Bogi, Bo, Boga Boga, Boggie. The feminine form is Bogdana, with variants such as ''Bogdanka''. Names with similar meanings include P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Office For War Veterans And Victims Of Oppression
The Office for War Veterans and Victims of Oppression () in the main institution in the Government of Poland to deal with the issues of Polish veterans of struggles for independence and victims of oppression. In 1991 a special status was set up for people of these categories, and the main tasks of the Office include awarding this status, providing care for people with this status, and disseminating the information about their life and struggle. History The predecessor of the Office for War Veterans and Victims of Oppression (UDSKiOR) during the Polish People's Republic period was the Office for Veterans' Affairs (). Between 1972 and 1982, this institution operated with the status of a ministry, and from 1982 to 1987, as a central office subordinate to the Prime Minister. The head of the structure was Major General Mieczysław Grudzień, who successively held the positions of Minister for Veterans' Affairs (1972–1981), Head of the Office (1981–1982), and President of the Offic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Association Of Home Army Soldiers
The World Association of Home Army Soldiers (; abbreviated ŚZŻAK) is an international non-governmental organization gathering former soldiers of the Home Army. ŚZŻAK brings together members of the Army and other armed organizations subordinate in time of World War II to the Polish government-in-exile who fought for Polish independence. Those who continued the fight for independence after the dissolution of the Home Army and persons who adhere to the ideals of the Home Army and act to stabilize them in Polish society are also considered for membership. In the early 1990s the organization had over 80,000 members, in the year 2008 about 35,000 members, and in 2010 about 12,000 members. The highest authority of the World Association of Home Army Soldiers is the Congress of Delegates, and in the periods between meetings the ŚZŻAK is managed by the Governing Council, the executive board, Chief Audit Commission, and General Court of Arbitration. Members of these bodies are elected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Museum And Institute Of Zoology Of The Polish Academy Of Sciences
Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN is a zoology, zoological museum in Warsaw, Poland. It was established in 1819. It is an institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences. It publishes the journal ''Acta Chiropterologica'', a scientific journal on bats. The museum was founded in 1819 as a zoological cabinet within the Royal University of Warsaw. The early development was headed by Feliks Paweł Jarocki who was followed in 1862 by Władysław Taczanowski. Taczanowski expanded the collections with help from collectors like Konstanty Jelski and the brothers Aleksander and Konstanty Branicki who sponsored collecting expeditions into South America and Africa. In 1887 the museum managed by Ksawery Branicki was opened to the public. In 1890 the collection was managed under Russian control by Nikolai Nasonov and from 1906 by Jakow Szczełkanovtsov (until 1915). The museum was called the Polish State Museum of Natural Science in 1921 and after a fire in 1935 the museum was moved to the University ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Society Of Fighters For Freedom And Democracy
The Society of Fighters for Freedom and Democracy (, ZBoWiD) was an official Polish state-controlled veterans association in the People's Republic of Poland. Initially headed by Franciszek Jóźwiak, it was formed on September 2, 1949 out of 11 pre-existing veterans associations. In its early period, and especially during the Stalinist years, the organization was formed mostly of former veterans of the Soviet-sponsored Polish People's Army, communist partisans and former concentration camp inmates. However, with the advent of a partial political thaw in the 1960s it also started accepting the veterans of other Polish formations that had fought in World War II. Directly subordinate to the party, the society held an important place within the Polish governmental structure: it was the only authority certifying veterans' and combatants' rights and privileges in Poland. In 1970 the ZBoWiD had roughly 330,000 members, in 1986 almost 800,000. Among its leaders were Mieczysław Moczar a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Mickiewicz University In Poznań
The Adam Mickiewicz University (; Latin: ''Universitas Studiorum Mickiewicziana Posnaniensis'') is a research university in Poznań, Poland. Due to its history, the university is traditionally considered among Poland's most reputable institutions of higher learning, this standing equally being reflected in national rankings. It traces its origins to 1611, when under the Royal charter, Royal Charter granted by King Sigismund III Vasa, the Jesuit College in Poznań, Jesuit College became the first university in Poznań. The Poznań Society of Friends of Learning, Poznań Society for the Advancement of Arts and Sciences which played an important role in leading Poznań to its reputation as a chief intellectual centre during the Positivism in Poland, Age of Positivism and partitions of Poland, initiated founding of the university. The inauguration ceremony of the newly founded institution took place on 7 May 1919 that is 308 years after it was formally established by the Polish king ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolaus Copernicus University In Toruń
Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń or NCU (, UMK) is located in Toruń, Poland. It is named after Nicolaus Copernicus, who was born in Toruń in 1473. History The beginnings of higher education in Toruń The first institution of higher education in Toruń, the Toruń Academic Gymnasium was founded in 1568. It was one of the first universities in northern Poland. The Academic Gymnasium was the precursor to scientific and cultural life (including the first museum, created in 1594) in the region. Thanks to the efforts of Heinrich Stroband, city mayor in 1594, academics in Toruń received good working conditions for teaching and research. Among his professors in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were meritorious scholars of Polish and Prussian history, authors of textbooks and papers from various disciplines of humanities, and associates scientific journals. The establishment of the university in a modern form began in the nineteenth century. During the partitions of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Prisoner-of-war Camps In World War II
Nazi Germany operated around 1,000 prisoner-of-war camps () during World War II (1939-1945). The most common types of camps were Oflag, Oflags ("Officer camp") and Stalag, Stalags ("Base camp" – for enlisted personnel POW camps), although other less common types existed as well. Legal background German Reich, Germany signed the Third Geneva Convention of 1929, which established norms relating to the treatment of prisoners of war. * Article 10 required PoWs be lodged in adequately heated and lighted buildings where conditions were the same as for German troops. * Articles 27-32 detailed the conditions of labour. Enlisted ranks were required to perform whatever labour they were asked if able to do, so long as it was not dangerous and did not support the German war-effort. Senior non-commissioned officers (sergeants and above) were required to work only in a supervisory role. Commissioned officers were not required to work, although they could volunteer. The work performed was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Town, Warsaw
Warsaw Old Town, also known as Old Town, and historically known as Old Warsaw,''Encyklopedia Warszawy''. Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers PWN, 1994, p. 806. ISBN 83-01-08836-2. is a neighbourhood, and an area of the City Information System, in the city of Warsaw, Poland, located within the district of Śródmieście. It is the oldest portion of the city, and contains numerous historic buildings, mostly from 17th and 18th centuries, such as the Royal Castle, city walls, St. John's Cathedral, and the Barbican, the Old Town Market Square and the Warsaw Mermaid Statue. The settlement itself dates back to between the 13th and 14th centuries, and was granted town privileges . During World War II, the Old Town was nearly totally destroyed, and subsequently reconstructed. The project was the world's first attempt to resurrect an entire historic city core and was included on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1980. The reconstruction efforts were again recognized in 2011 when all i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warszawa Gdańska Railway Station
Warszawa Gdańska station (also known as Dworzec Gdański; literally Gdańsk station) is a railway station in northern Warsaw, Poland. The name of the station derives from its past as the main station serving trains towards Gdańsk. Currently, trains in that direction use the main Cross-City Line and the Warszawa Centralna railway station. It is located on the "Northern Line" that runs between Central Warsaw and the city's Żoliborz district to the north. It serves as a transportation hub for regional trains departing the station. It connects with the Warsaw Metro's Dworzec Gdański stop, located below the railway station, and a number of nearby tram and bus stops. The Warsaw Metro has received EU funding to build a pedestrian tunnel linking the metro station to the railway station. The railway station is located some 3.5 km north of the main rail line crossing the city linking Warszawa Wschodnia, Warszawa Centralna and Warszawa Zachodnia railway stations and as such i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
