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Jacob Bodek
Jacob Bodek (; 24 June 1819 – 18 July 1855) was a Galician ''Maskilic'' writer. Biography Jacob Bodek was born in Lemberg (now Lviv, Ukraine), where he spent most of his life. Bodek was a leading member of ''Ha-Ro'im'' ('The Spectators'), a group of conservative ''Maskilim'' opposed to the "scientific" strand of the Haskalah. Together with his brother-in-law, , he published a journal entitled ''Ha-ro'eh ve-mevaker sifre meḥavre zemanenu'' ('Spectator and Critic of Contemporary Works'; Lemberg, 1837), which contained polemical articles criticizing the work of Solomon Judah Rapoport, Samuel David Luzzatto, and Isaac Samuel Reggio. Due to the efforts of and others, the work was banned in the Austrian Empire. The second volume was thus published in Hungary under a separate title. Later, he published with Mohr a periodical entitled ''Yerushalayim'' ('Jerusalem'), which appeared at irregular intervals between 1844 and 1855. The journal was less confrontational than ''Ha-ro'eh'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lviv
Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in western Ukraine, and the seventh-largest in Ukraine, with a population of . It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main cultural centres of Ukraine. It was named in honour of Leo, the eldest son of Daniel, King of Ruthenia. Lviv emerged as the centre of the historical regions of Red Ruthenia and Galicia in the 14th century, superseding Halych, Chełm, Belz and Przemyśl. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia from 1272 to 1349, when it was conquered by King Casimir III the Great of Poland. From 1434, it was the regional capital of the Ruthenian Voivodeship in the Kingdom of Poland. In 1772, after the First Partition of Poland, the city became the capital of the Habsburg Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. In 1918, for a short time, it was the capital of the West Ukrainian People's Republic. Between the wars, the city was the centre of the Lwów Voivodeshi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zvi Hirsch Chajes
Zvi Hirsch Chajes ( he, צבי הירש חיות - November 20, 1805 - October 12, 1855; also Chayes or Hayot or Chiyos) was one of the foremost Galician talmudic scholars. He is best known for his work ''Mevo Hatalmud'' (Introduction to the Talmud), which serves both as commentary and introduction. Chajes is also known as "The Maharatz Chajes" (), the Hebrew acronym for "Our Teacher, the Rabbi, Zvi Chajes". He is possibly the only commentator included in the back of the Vilna Shas edition with a PhD. Biography Chajes was born in Brody. He studied under a number of great scholars of that time, particularly R. Ephraim Zalman Margulies. In addition to his traditional talmudic education, he was educated in modern and classical languages and literature, as well as geography, history and philosophy. In 1846, a law was promulgated in Austria compelling rabbinical candidates to pass a university examination in the liberal arts and philosophy; Chajes received the degree of Doctor of Ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jews From Galicia (Eastern Europe)
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of historical Israel and Judah. Jewish ethnicity, nationhood, and religion are strongly interrelated, "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deaths From Cholera
Death is the irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain an organism. For organisms with a brain, death can also be defined as the irreversible cessation of functioning of the whole brain, including brainstem, and brain death is sometimes used as a legal definition of death. The remains of a former organism normally begin to decompose shortly after death. Death is an inevitable process that eventually occurs in almost all organisms. Death is generally applied to whole organisms; the similar process seen in individual components of an organism, such as cells or tissues, is necrosis. Something that is not considered an organism, such as a virus, can be physically destroyed but is not said to die. As of the early 21st century, over 150,000 humans die each day, with ageing being by far the most common cause of death. Many cultures and religions have the idea of an afterlife, and also may hold the idea of judgement of good and bad deeds in one's life (heave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jews From The Austrian Empire
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of historical Israel and Judah. Jewish ethnicity, nationhood, and religion are strongly interrelated, "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1855 Deaths
Events January–March * January 1 – Ottawa, Ontario, is incorporated as a city. * January 5 – Ramón Castilla begins his third term as President of Peru. * January 23 ** The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens in modern-day Minneapolis, a predecessor of the Father Louis Hennepin Bridge. ** The 8.2–8.3 Wairarapa earthquake claims between five and nine lives near the Cook Strait area of New Zealand. * January 26 – The Point No Point Treaty is signed in the Washington Territory. * January 27 – The Panama Railway becomes the first railroad to connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. * January 29 – Lord Aberdeen resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, over the management of the Crimean War. * February 5 – Lord Palmerston becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * February 11 – Kassa Hailu is crowned Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia. * February 12 – Michigan State University (the "pion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1819 Births
Events January–March * January 2 – The Panic of 1819, the first major peacetime financial crisis in the United States, begins. * January 25 – Thomas Jefferson founds the University of Virginia. * January 29 – Sir Stamford Raffles lands on the island of Singapore. * February 2 – '' Dartmouth College v. Woodward'': The Supreme Court of the United States under John Marshall rules in favor of Dartmouth College, allowing Dartmouth to keep its charter and remain a private institution. * February 6 – A formal treaty, between Hussein Shah of Johor and the British Sir Stamford Raffles, establishes a trading settlement in Singapore. * February 15 – The United States House of Representatives agrees to the Tallmadge Amendment, barring slaves from the new state of Missouri (the opening vote in a controversy that leads to the Missouri Compromise). * February 19 – Captain William Smith of British merchant brig ''Williams'' sigh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JewishGen
JewishGen is a non-profit organization founded in 1987 as an international electronic resource for Jewish genealogy. In 2003, JewishGen became an affiliate of the Museum of Jewish Heritage – A Living Memorial to the Holocaust in New York City. It provides amateur and professional genealogists with the tools to research their Jewish family history and heritage. History JewishGen was founded in 1987 by Susan E. King in Houston, Texas, as a Fidonet bulletin board with approximately 150 users interested in Jewish genealogy. To access the bulletin board, users dialed into the connection via telephones. Annual donations of $25 were requested to fund the service. Around 1989 to 1990, JewishGen moved to the internet as a mailing list and online forum, and was called the Jewish Genealogy Conference. It was loosely managed by founding members and volunteers that included Warren Blatt, Susan E. King, Bernie Kouchel, Gary Mokotoff, Michael Tobias, and others active in the comm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1846–1860 Cholera Pandemic
The third cholera pandemic (1846–1860) was the third major outbreak of cholera originating in India in the nineteenth century that reached far beyond its borders, which researchers at UCLA believe may have started as early as 1837 and lasted until 1863. In the Russian Empire, more than one million people died of cholera. In 1853–54, the epidemic in London claimed over 10,000 lives, and there were 23,000 deaths for all of Great Britain. This pandemic was considered to have the highest fatalities of the 19th-century epidemics. It had high fatalities among populations in Asia, Europe, Africa and North America. In 1854, which was considered the worst year, 23,000 people died in Great Britain. That year, the British physician John Snow, who was working in a poor area of London, identified contaminated water as the means of transmission of the disease. After the 1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak he had mapped the cases of cholera in the Soho area in London, and noted a clust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamagid
''Hamagid'' (; ), also known after 1893 as ''Hamagid LeIsrael'' (), was the first Hebrew language weekly newspaper. It featured mostly current events, feature articles, a section on Judaic studies, and, in its heyday, discussions of social issues. Published between 1856 to 1903, it first appeared in Lyck, East Prussia and targeted Russian Jews, but was soon redistributed all over Europe and the Jewish world. Although it only had a peak circulation of 1,800 copies, it's primarily remembered as beginning the modern day Hebrew language press. It is hard to estimate its true readership, as in its era one copy would pass through many hands. ''Hamagid'' carried global and Jewish news in Hebrew, either translated, or as original reporting. It was also the first newspaper to publish op-eds in Hebrew. The founder and first editor of ''Hamagid'' was Eliezer Lipman Zilbermann (1819 – 1882). He is credited with bringing the social issue of the '' agunot'' to the forefront of reader's min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Trebitsch
Abraham ben Reuben Trebitsch (about 1760 in Trebitsch, Moravia – between 1800 and 1850 in Nikolsburg) was an Austrian Jewish scholar. He attended the yeshibah of Löb Fischels at Prague in 1775 ("Ḳorot ha-'Ittim," p. 24a), and then settled in Nikolsburg, where he became secretary to the Landesrabbiner. He was the author of "Ḳorot ha-'Ittim," a history of the European monarchs, including the emperors of Austria, from 1741 to 1801 (part i., Brünn, 1801; with additions, under the title "Ḳorot Nosafot," up to the year 1830, by Jacob Bodek, Lemberg, 1841). It deals especially with the history and literature of the Jews in the Austrian states. Trebitsch's work is a continuation of Menahem Mann ben Solomon ha-Levi's "She'erit Yisrael," which traces the history down to the year 1740.Jew. Encyc. i. 490, s.v. Amelander Trebitsch, with Hirsch Menaḳḳer, was the author of "Ruaḥ Ḥayyim," a story of the exorcising of an evil spirit that possessed a young man (publishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Galicia And Lodomeria
The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria,, ; pl, Królestwo Galicji i Lodomerii, ; uk, Королівство Галичини та Володимирії, Korolivstvo Halychyny ta Volodymyrii; la, Rēgnum Galiciae et Lodomeriae also known as Austrian Galicia or colloquially Austrian Poland, was a constituent possession of the Habsburg monarchy in the historical region of Galicia in Eastern Europe. The crownland was established in 1772. The lands were annexed from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as part of the First Partition of Poland. In 1804 it became a crownland of the newly proclaimed Austrian Empire. From 1867 it was a crownland within the Cisleithanian or Austrian half of the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. It maintained a degree of provincial autonomy. Its status remained unchanged until the dissolution of the monarchy in 1918. The domain was initially carved in 1772 from the south-western part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. During the following ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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