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Jacek Rybiński
Józef Jacek Rybiński (28 February 1701 in Torczyn - 15 April 1782 in Oliwa) was a Cistercian and the abbot of the Oliwa Abbey, Oliwa Monastery. He attended the Jesuit seminary in Stare Szkoty near Gdańsk (Danzig). He held a position at the court of the King of Poland August II and was a secretary to the Under Chancellor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1729 he took monastic vows. He studied theology and church law in Rome and Prague. In 1740 he became the abbot of the Oliwa monastery. He was a friend of the Polish general, poet and political figure Józef Wybicki and a supporter of the Bar Confederation, an association of szlachta, Polish nobles organized to defend the internal and external independence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth against Russian influence. He backed August III for King of Poland and opposed the Czartoryski family. Thanks to his monetary backing the Abbot's Palace in Oliwa, Abbot's Palace in Oliwa was constructed, as well as the surrounding Oliwa P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torczyn
Torchyn (; ) is a Populated places in Ukraine#Rural settlements, rural settlement in Lutsk Raion, Volyn Oblast, western Ukraine. It is located on the banks of the Serna (river), Serna in the drainage basin of the Dnieper. Population: History Until 26 January 2024, Torchyn was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Torchyn became a rural settlement. Economy Transportation The closest railway station is in Lutsk. The settlement is on Highway H22 (Ukraine), Highway H22 connecting Lutsk and Volodymyr (city), Volodymyr. Notable people * Jacek Rybiński, Polish Cistercian abbot References {{authority control Rural settlements in Lutsk Raion Lutsky Uyezd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szlachta
The ''szlachta'' (; ; ) were the nobility, noble estate of the realm in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Depending on the definition, they were either a warrior "caste" or a social class, and they dominated those states by exercising szlachta's privileges, political rights and power. Szlachta as a class differed significantly from the Feudalism, feudal nobility of Western Europe. The estate was officially abolished in 1921 by the March Constitution (Poland), March Constitution."Szlachta. Szlachta w Polsce" ''Encyklopedia PWN'' The origins of the ''szlachta'' are obscure and the subject of several theories. The ''szlachta'' secured Golden Liberty, substantial and increasing political power and rights throughout its history, begin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1701 Births
In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Tuesday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar. Events January–June * march 8th – Parts of the Netherlands adopt the Gregorian calendar. * January 18 – The electorate of Brandenburg-Prussia becomes the Kingdom of Prussia, as Elector Frederick III is proclaimed King Frederick I. Prussia remains part of the Holy Roman Empire. It consists of Brandenburg, Pomerania and East Prussia. Berlin is the capital. * January 28 – Battle of Dartsedo: The Chinese storm the Tibetan border town of Dartsedo. * February 17 (February 6, 1700 O.S.) – The 5th Parliament of William III in England assembles. Future British Prime Minister Robert Walpole enters the House of Commons for the first time and soon makes his name as a spokesman for Whig policy. * April 20th – Mecklenburg-Strelitz is created as a north German duchy. * June 9 – Safavid troops retrea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilding
Gilding is a decorative technique for applying a very thin coating of gold over solid surfaces such as metal (most common), wood, porcelain, or stone. A gilded object is also described as "gilt". Where metal is gilded, the metal below was traditionally silver in the West, to make silver-gilt (or ''vermeil'') objects, but gilt-bronze is commonly used in China, and also called ormolu if it is Western. Methods of gilding include hand application and gluing, typically of gold leaf, chemical gilding, and electroplating, the last also called gold plating. Parcel-gilt (partial gilt) objects are only gilded over part of their surfaces. This may mean that all of the inside, and none of the outside, of a chalice or similar vessel is gilded, or that patterns or images are made up by using a combination of gilt and ungilted areas. Gilding gives an object a gold appearance at a fraction of the cost of creating a solid gold object. In addition, a solid gold piece would often be too soft or to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia (, ) was a German state that existed from 1701 to 1918.Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. Rev. ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1946. It played a significant role in the unification of Germany in 1871 and was a major constituent of the German Empire until its German Revolution of 1918–1919, dissolution in 1918. Although it took its name from the Prussia (region), region called Prussia, it was based in the Margraviate of Brandenburg. Its capital was Berlin. The list of monarchs of Prussia, kings of Prussia were from the House of Hohenzollern. The polity of Brandenburg-Prussia, predecessor of the kingdom, became a military power under Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, known as "The Great Elector". As a kingdom, Prussia continued its rise to power, especially during the reign of Frederick the Great, Frederick II "the Great".Horn, D. B. "The Youth of Frederick the Great 1712–30." ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Partition Of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition. Frederick the Great, King in Prussia, engineered the partition to prevent Austria, which was envious of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. Territories in Poland–Lithuania were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries. With Poland unable to defend itself effectively and foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish Sejm ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm, which was convened by the three powers. Background By the late 18th century, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth had been redu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Wilhelm Wulff
Johann, typically a male given name, is the German form of ''Iohannes'', which is the Latin form of the Greek name ''Iōánnēs'' (), itself derived from Hebrew name '' Yochanan'' () in turn from its extended form (), meaning "Yahweh is Gracious" or "Yahweh is Merciful". Its English language equivalent is John. It is uncommon as a surname. People People with the name Johann include: Mononym * Johann, Count of Cleves (died 1368), nobleman of the Holy Roman Empire *Johann, Count of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg (1662–1698), German nobleman *Johann, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1578–1638), German nobleman A–K * Johann Adam Hiller (1728–1804), German composer * Johann Adam Reincken (1643–1722), Dutch/German organist * Johann Adam Remele (died 1740), German court painter * Johann Adolf I, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels (1649–1697) * Johann Adolph Hasse (1699-1783), German Composer * Johann Altfuldisch (1911—1947), German Nazi SS concentration camp officer executed fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oliwa Cathedral
Oliwa Cathedral, formally known as the Archcathedral Basilica of the Holy Trinity, is a Roman Catholic church in the district of Oliwa, in Gdańsk, Poland. Completed in the late 14th century in a Brick Gothic style, the present church comprises Mannerist architecture, Mannerist-Baroque architecture, Baroque architectural elements. It has been one of Poland's protected Historical Monument (Poland), Historical Monuments since 2017, due to its historical significance and the great organ inside. Cathedral The Cathedral, archcathedral in Oliwa is a three-nave basilica with a transept and a multisided closed Presbytery (architecture), presbytery, finished with an ambulatory. The façade is flanked by two slender towers, 46-metres tall each with sharply-edged helmets. It is enlivened by a Baroque portal (architecture), portal from 1688, as well as three windows of different sizes and three cartouche (design), cartouches. The crossing of the naves is overlooked by a bell tower, a typi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
