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Jaak Aaviksoo
Jaak Aaviksoo (born 11 January 1954) is an Estonian politician and physicist, a former rector of the University of Tartu and Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech). Aaviksoo has been the Estonian Minister of Defence and Minister of Education and Research, he was a member of the liberal conservative party Union of Pro Patria and Res Publica. Jaak Aaviksoo is the first rector in Estonia who is also an academician. Education and career in science Aaviksoo was born in Tartu. After graduating from Tartu Secondary School No. 2 (present-day Miina Härma Gymnasium) in 1971, he entered the Tartu State University physics department in the chemistry-physics faculty and graduated ''cum laude'' in the field of theoretical physics in 1976. From 1976 to 1992 he was first junior, then senior and then leading scientist at the Physics Institute of the Estonian Academy of Sciences (named ''Academy of Sciences of the Estonian SSR'' until 1988). There he also became a PhD in physics (The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peeter Kreitzberg
Peeter Kreitzberg (14 December 1948 – 3 November 2011) was an Estonian politician, member of parliament and a member of the Social Democratic Party. Kreitzberg served as the Estonian Minister of Culture and Education from April to November 1995. He also taught at Tallinn University from 1997 to 2011. Kreitzberg next served as the deputy mayor of Tallinn, the Estonian capital, from 1996 to 1999. He was elected to the Riigikogu, the nation's unicameral parliament, in 1999. He remained a member of parliament until his death in 2011. Kreitzberg served as the deputy chairman of the Riigikogu for two different tenures, from 2001 to 2003 and again from 2003 to 2005. He was also a candidate for President of Estonia in 2001. Peeter Kreitzberg departed Estonia in October 2011 for an official visit to China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politician
A politician is a person who participates in Public policy, policy-making processes, usually holding an elective position in government. Politicians represent the people, make decisions, and influence the formulation of public policy. The roles or duties that politicians must perform vary depending on the level of government they serve, whether Local government, local, national, or international. The ideological orientation that politicians adopt often stems from their previous experience, education, beliefs, the political parties they belong to, or public opinion. Politicians sometimes face many challenges and mistakes that may affect their credibility and ability to persuade. These mistakes include political corruption resulting from their misuse and exploitation of power to achieve their interests, which requires them to prioritize the public interest and develop long-term strategies. Challenges include how to keep up with the development of social media and confronting biase ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Optics
Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of optical instruments, instruments that use or Photodetector, detect it. Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible light, visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation, and other forms of electromagnetic radiation such as X-rays, microwaves, and radio waves exhibit similar properties. Most optical phenomena can be accounted for by using the Classical electromagnetism, classical electromagnetic description of light, however complete electromagnetic descriptions of light are often difficult to apply in practice. Practical optics is usually done using simplified models. The most common of these, geometric optics, treats light as a collection of Ray (optics), rays that travel in straight lines and bend when they pass through or reflect from surfaces. Physical optics is a more comprehensive mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Professor
Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other tertiary education, post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a 'person who professes'. Professors are usually experts in their field and teachers of the highest rank. In most systems of List of academic ranks, academic ranks, "professor" as an unqualified title refers only to the most senior academic position, sometimes informally known as "full professor". In some countries and institutions, the word ''professor'' is also used in titles of lower ranks such as associate professor and assistant professor; this is particularly the case in the United States, where the unqualified word is also used colloquially to refer to associate and assistant professors as well, and often to instructors or lecturers. Professors often conduct original research and commonly teach undergraduate, Postgraduate educa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horisont (Estonian Magazine)
''Horisont'' is an Estonian magazine published in Tallinn Tallinn is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Estonia, most populous city of Estonia. Situated on a Tallinn Bay, bay in north Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, it has a population of (as of 2025) and ..., Estonia by Loodusajakiri MTÜ. The magazine focuses on science topics and is written in a popular scientific style. It includes interviews with scientists. From 1967 to 1990 it was published by EKP KK Kirjastus, from 1991 to 2001 by Perioodika, and thereafter by Loodusajakiri MTÜ. References External links * Magazines published in Estonia Popular science magazines 1967 establishments in Estonia Magazines established in 1967 {{Estonia-media-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonian Physical Society
The Estonian Physical Society (''Eesti Füüsika Selts'', EFS) is a voluntary not-for-profit research society bringing together all those active in physics in Estonia. The EFS was established in 1989 and is affiliated with the Estonian Academy of Sciences (''Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia'') and is a European Physical Society Member Society. Presidents of the Estonian Physical Society Kaido Reivelt (University of Tartu) is the current president (since 2007). The first president of the Society was Jaak Aaviksoo Jaak Aaviksoo (born 11 January 1954) is an Estonian politician and physicist, a former rector of the University of Tartu and Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech). Aaviksoo has been the Estonian Minister of Defence and Minister of Educa ..., followed later by Piret Kuusk (1998-2001), Raivo Jaaniso (2001-2004), and Arvo Kikas (2004-2007).https://www.etis.ee/portaal/isikuCV.aspx?LastNameFirstLetter=K&PersonVID=329&lang=et&FromUrl0=isikud.aspx Honorary members * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonian Academy Of Sciences
Founded in 1938, the Estonian Academy of Sciences (, ) is Estonia's national academy of science in Tallinn. As with other national academies, it is an independent group of well-known scientists whose stated aim is to promote research and development, encourage international scientific cooperation, and disseminate knowledge to the public.Academy web page at the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Accessed on line September 12, 2007. As of March 2017, it had 77 full members and 20 foreign members. Since 15 October 2014, the president of the Academy is the mathematician Tarmo Soomere.Facts of history web page at the Estonian Academy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theoretical Physics
Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain, and predict List of natural phenomena, natural phenomena. This is in contrast to experimental physics, which uses experimental tools to probe these phenomena. The advancement of science generally depends on the interplay between experimental studies and theory. In some cases, theoretical physics adheres to standards of mathematical rigour while giving little weight to experiments and observations.There is some debate as to whether or not theoretical physics uses mathematics to build intuition and illustrativeness to extract physical insight (especially when normal experience fails), rather than as a tool in formalizing theories. This links to the question of it using mathematics in a less formally rigorous, and more intuitive or heuristic way than, say, mathematical physics. For example, while developing special relativity, Albert E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cum Laude
Latin honors are a system of Latin phrases used in some colleges and universities to indicate the level of distinction with which an academic degree has been earned. The system is primarily used in the United States. It is also used in some Southeastern Asian countries with European colonial history, such as Indonesia and the Philippines, and African countries such as Zambia and South Africa, although sometimes translations of these phrases are used instead of the Latin originals. The honors distinction should not be confused with the honors degrees offered in some countries, or with honorary degrees. The system usually has three levels of honor (listed in order of increasing merit): ''cum laude'', ''magna cum laude'', and ''summa cum laude''. Generally, a college or university's regulations set out definite criteria a student must meet to obtain a given honor. For example, the student might be required to achieve a specific grade point average, submit an honors thesis for evalu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physics
Physics is the scientific study of matter, its Elementary particle, fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which relates to the order of nature, or, in other words, to the regular succession of events." It is one of the most fundamental scientific disciplines. "Physics is one of the most fundamental of the sciences. Scientists of all disciplines use the ideas of physics, including chemists who study the structure of molecules, paleontologists who try to reconstruct how dinosaurs walked, and climatologists who study how human activities affect the atmosphere and oceans. Physics is also the foundation of all engineering and technology. No engineer could design a flat-screen TV, an interplanetary spacecraft, or even a better mousetrap without first understanding the basic laws of physics. (...) You will come to see physics as a towering achievement of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tartu State University
The University of Tartu (UT; ; ) is a Public university, public research university located in the city of Tartu, Estonia. It is the national university of Estonia. It is also the largest and oldest university in the country.About the University University of Tartu The university was founded under the name of ''Academia Gustaviana'' in 1632 by Baron Johan Skytte, the Swedish Governors-General, Governor-General of Swedish Livonia, Swedish Ingria, Ingria, and Karelia (historical province of Finland), Karelia, with the required ratification provided by King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, Gustavus Adolphus, shortly before the king's death on 6 November in the Battle of Lützen (1632). 15,206 students study at the university, of whom over 1,500 are foreigners (10%). Most of the curriculum is instructed in Estonian. How ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miina Härma Gymnasium
Miina Härma Gymnasium (; abbreviated as MHG) is an institution composed of a primary school and a secondary school in Tartu, Estonia. The school holds a special emphasis on languages. Miina Härma Gymnasium is an International Baccalaureate, IB World School offering the IB Diploma Programme, Diploma Programme and the IB Primary Years Programme, Primary Years Programme, and a candidate school for the IB Middle Years Programme, Middle Years Programme. History After the Estonian national awakening had ended the Estonian people were still left under the supremacy of German language and culture. This meant that the upper class mostly spoke German. The first generation of ethnic Estonian intellectuals, who were mostly men, did not stop using Estonian language but were educated primarily in the German language. At the beginning of the 20th century Estonian intellectuals such as Jakob Hurt, Oskar Kallas, Jaan Tõnisson and many others decided to tackle the problem by founding a second ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
