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Islandshire
Islandshire was a 'liberty' north of Northumberland, England, comprising Lindisfarne or Holy Island, plus five parishes on the mainland. Its main settlements were Tweedmouth and Scremerston. It is historically associated with the Bishop of Durham, and was administratively an exclave of the County Palatinate of Durham. It was transferred to the county of Northumberland by the Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844, becoming a hundred. Much of it (minus Tweedmouth) formed part of the Norham and Islandshires Rural District from 1894 until 1974, and then formed part of the borough of Berwick-upon-Tweed district within the County of Northumberland. In 2009 the borough of Berwick-upon-Tweed was abolished as part of wider structural changes to local government in England, with the area now falling under the unitary council of Northumberland County Council. The area, combined with Norham, still forms one of the unitary council's electoral divisions today. It consisted of the parishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scremerston
Scremerston is a village in Northumberland, England. The village lies on the North Sea coast just under south of Berwick-upon-Tweed and from the Anglo-Scottish border. It is adjacent to the A1 road (Great Britain), A1, providing access to Newcastle upon Tyne to the south, and to Edinburgh to the north. Scremerston encompasses a number of satellite settlements scattered between the A1 road (Great Britain), A1 and the coastline at Cocklawburn Beach. These include Borwell, Heatherytops, Inlandpasture, Redhouse, Scremerston Town Farm and Seahouse. Surviving miners' cottages include Restoration Cottages, Deputy Row and Derwentwater Terrace. Scremerston Hill farm and cottages lie to the south, but have been largely cut off from the village by the busy A1 road. Name Toponymy Scremerston has appeared in records at least as early as 1131. It has been written as Scrimestan, Scremerestone, Scremeston, Skremerstone, Screymerston and Scrymmerstone, making it a difficult name to inter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844
The Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844 ( 7 & 8 Vict. c. 61), also known as the Detached Parishes Act 1844, which came into effect on 20 October 1844, was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which eliminated many outliers or exclaves of counties in England and Wales for civil purposes. The changes were based on recommendations by a boundary commission, headed by the surveyor Thomas Drummond and summarized in a schedule attached to the Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1832. This also listed a few examples of civil parishes divided by county boundaries, most of which were dealt with by later legislation. This Act was repealed in its entirety by the Local Government Act 1972. Antecedents Inclosure Acts The areas involved had already been reorganised for some purposes. This was a process which began with the inclosure acts of the later 18th century. A parish on a county boundary which used the open-field system could have its field strips distributed among the two counties i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lindisfarne
Lindisfarne, also known as Holy Island, is a tidal island off the northeast coast of England, which constitutes the civil parishes in England, civil parish of Holy Island in Northumberland. Holy Island has a recorded history from the 6th century AD; it was an important centre of Celtic Christianity under Saints Aidan of Lindisfarne, Aidan, Cuthbert, Eadfrith of Lindisfarne, Eadfrith, and Eadberht of Lindisfarne. The island was originally home to a monastery, which was Sack of Lindisfarne, destroyed during the Viking expansion, Viking invasions but re-established as a priory following the Norman Conquest of England. Other notable sites built on the island are St Mary the Virgin parish church (originally built AD 635 and restored in 1860), Lindisfarne Castle, several lighthouses and other navigational markers, and a complex network of lime kilns. In the present day, the island is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and a hotspot for historical tourism and bird watching. As of Fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Palatinate Of Durham
The County Palatine of Durham was a jurisdiction in the North of England, within which the bishop of Durham had rights usually exclusive to the monarch. It developed from the Liberty of Durham, which emerged in the Anglo-Saxon period. The gradual acquisition of powers by the bishops led to Durham being recognised as a palatinate by the late thirteenth century, one of several such counties in England during the Middle Ages. The county palatine had its own government and institutions, which broadly mirrored those of the monarch and included several judicial courts. From the sixteenth century the palatine rights of the bishops were gradually reduced, and were finally abolished in 1836. The last palatine institution to survive was the court of chancery, which was abolished in 1972. The palatine included the contemporary ceremonial county of Durham except southern Teesdale, the parts of Tyne and Wear south of the Tyne, and had exclaves in Northumberland and North Yorkshire aroun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of County Durham
The history of County Durham. Roman and pre-Roman Remains of Prehistoric Durham include a number of Neolithic earthworks. The Crawley Edge Cairns and Heathery Burn Cave are Bronze Age sites. Maiden Castle, Durham is an Iron Age site. Brigantia (ancient region), Brigantia, the land of the Brigantes, is said to have included what is now County Durham. There are archaeological remains of Roman Durham. Dere Street and Cade's Road run through what is now County Durham. There were Roman forts at Concangis (Chester-le-Street), Lavatrae (Bowes), Longovicium (Lanchester), Piercebridge Roman Fort, Piercebridge (Morbium), Vindomora (Ebchester) and Vinovia, Vinovium (Binchester). (The Roman fort at Arbeia (South Shields) is within the former boundaries of County Durham.) A Romanised farmstead has been excavated at Old Durham. Anglo-Saxon Remains of the Anglo-Saxon period include a number of sculpted stones and sundials, the Legs Cross, the Rey Cross and St Cuthbert's coffin. Anglian King ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norham And Islandshires Rural District
Norham ( ) is a village and civil parish in Northumberland, England, south-west of Berwick on the south side of the River Tweed where it is the border with Scotland. History Its ancient name was Ubbanford. Ecgred of Lindisfarne (d.845) replaced a wooden church with one of stone and translated the relics of St Ceolwulf to it. Norham is mentioned as the resting place of St Cuthbert in the early eleventh century text ''On the Resting-Places of the Saints'', and recent research has suggested the possibility that Norham (rather than Chester-le-Street or Durham) may have been the centre of the diocese of Lindisfarne from the ninth century until some time between 1013 and 1031. It is the site of the 12th-century Norham Castle and was for many years the centre of the Norhamshire exclave of County Durham. It was transferred to Northumberland in 1844. The 12th century also saw the construction of the parish church of St Cuthbert, an ambitious work with an aisled nave and long chance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Northumberland
Northumberland, England's northernmost county, is a land where Roman Empire, Roman occupiers once guarded a walled frontier, Anglian invaders fought with Celtic natives, and Norman lords built castles to suppress rebellion and defend a contested border with Scotland. The present-day county is a vestige of an independent kingdom that once stretched from Edinburgh to the Humber, hence its name, meaning literally 'north of the Humber'. Reflecting its tumultuous past, Northumberland has more castles than any other county in England, and the greatest number of recognised battle sites. Once an economically important region that supplied much of the coal that powered the Industrial Revolution, industrial revolution, Northumberland is now a primarily rural county with a small and gradually shrinking population. Prehistory As attested by many instances of rock art, the Northumberland region has a rich prehistory. Archeologists have studied a Mesolithic structure at Howick house, Howic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancroft
Ancroft is a village and civil parish (which includes the village of Scremerston) in Northumberland, England. Prior to 1844, Ancroft lay within the Islandshire exclave of County Durham. It is south of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and has a population of 885, rising slightly to 895 at the 2011 census. There are several suggestions as to how Ancroft got its name. It might be an abridged version of "Aidan's-croft" - the croft of St Aidan who was the first Bishop of Lindisfarne (Holy Island). Alternatively, it might be that as the church is dedicated to Saint Anne, the village took its name from the church - "St Anne's croft". A third suggestion is simply that it means one croft or solitary croft - "ane croft". There was surely more than one croft here when the church was built, probably towards the end of the 11th century; but in common with most of this region, the community declined in the latter part of the 13th century because of the continual border raids by the Scots. This turbul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tweedmouth
Tweedmouth is part of the town of Berwick-upon-Tweed in Northumberland, England. It is located on the south bank of the River Tweed and is connected to Berwick town centre, on the north bank, by two road bridges and a railway bridge. Tweedmouth has historically always been part of England, in contrast to the walled town of Berwick which came under Scottish control for several periods in the Middle Ages. The local nickname for people from Tweedmouth is ''"Twempies"''. In 1951 the parish had a population of 6410. Governance Tweedmouth is part of Berwick-upon-Tweed Town Council, which also includes neighbouring Spittal. It is in the parliamentary constituency of North Northumberland. The unitary authority for the area is Northumberland County Council. It was historically part of Islandshire, which was an exclave of County Durham, before becoming a hundred of Northumberland in 1844. On 1 April 1974 the parish was abolished and became part of Berwick upon Tweed unparished area. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berwick-upon-Tweed (borough)
__NOTOC__ Berwick-upon-Tweed was a local government district and borough in Northumberland in the north-east of England, on the border with Scotland. The district had a resident population of 25,949 according to the 2001 census, which also notes that it is the most ethnically homogeneous in the country, with 99.6% of the population recording themselves in the 2001 census as ''White''. It was also the least populated district in England with borough status, and the third-least densely populated local government district (after Eden and Tynedale). Its main town is Berwick-upon-Tweed, sited immediately to the north of the Tweed estuary. The town is ancient, the scene of a number of battles; it has perhaps the best remaining example of a (almost completely intact) town wall, built for defensive purposes. On the south of the estuary, the port of Tweedmouth is the point of export of diverse goods, but especially grain and roadstone. The remainder of the borough is rural, bordered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyloe
Kyloe is a civil parish in the county of Northumberland, about south-east of Berwick-upon-Tweed. According to the parish council, the main centres of population are Fenwick, Beal, and Berrington (in the western "panhandle" of the parish). The grade-II-listed former Church of St Nicholas in Kyloe was built in the 18th century, replacing a medieval building, and is now a private house. At East Kyloe, the ruins of a late 14th- or early 15th-century medieval tower house known as Kyloe Tower now form part of a complex of farm buildings. The nearby woodland area is a famous area for rock climbing and bouldering Bouldering is a form of rock climbing that is performed on small rock formations or Climbing wall, artificial rock walls without the use of ropes or Climbing harness, harnesses. While bouldering can be done without any equipment, most climbers .... Known locally as 'Kyloe-In-The-Woods' or simply 'The Woods', the crags are home to some of the toughest climbs in the UK ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middleton, Northumberland
Middleton is a settlement and civil parish in Northumberland, England. The parish is situated on the North Sea coast, south of the island of Lindisfarne, and contains the villages of Ross, Detchant and Elwick; all are shrunken medieval villages. Both the A1 London to Edinburgh road and East Coast Main Line pass through the parish. In the 2001 census the parish had a population of 136, falling to 115 at the 2011 Census. Etymology Middleton is one of many English place-names deriving from Old English ''middel'' 'middle' and ''tūn'' 'estate, settlement'; thus the name once meant 'middle settlement', perhaps because it performed a central function for a number of surrounding communities. The name of this particular example is first attested in 1201. The name ''Detchant'' is first attested in 1166 as ''Dichende'' and comes from the Old English words ''dic'' 'ditch' and ''ende'' 'end', and thus once meant 'settlement at the end of a ditch'. Elwick is first recorded between 11 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
