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Isaria Cicadae Range Map
''Cordyceps'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi (sac fungi) that includes over 260 species worldwide, many of which are parasitic. Diverse variants of cordyceps have had more than 1,500 years of use in Chinese medicine. Most ''Cordyceps'' species are endoparasitoids, parasitic mainly on insects and other arthropods (they are thus entomopathogenic fungi); a few are parasitic on other fungi. The generic name ''Cordyceps'' is derived from the ancient Greek κορδύλη ''kordýlē'', meaning "club", and the Latin ''-ceps'', derived from Latin ''caput'', meaning "head". The genus has a worldwide distribution, with most of the known species being from Asia. Taxonomy There are two recognized subgenera: *''Cordyceps'' subgen. ''Cordyceps'' Fr. 1818 *''Cordyceps'' subgen. ''Cordylia'' Tul. & C. Tul. 1865 ''Cordyceps'' sensu stricto are the teleomorphs of several genera of anamorphic, entomopathogenic fungi such as ''Beauveria'' (''Cordyceps bassiana''), '' Septofusidium'', and '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elias Magnus Fries
Elias Magnus Fries (15 August 1794 – 8 February 1878) was a Swedish mycologist and botanist. He is sometimes called the Mycology, "Linnaeus of Mycology". In his works he described and assigned botanical names to hundreds of fungus and lichen species, many of which remain authoritative today. Career Fries was born at Femsjö (Hylte Municipality), Småland, the son of the pastor there. He attended school in Växjö. He acquired an extensive knowledge of flowering plants from his father. In 1811 Fries entered Lund University where he studied under Carl Adolph Agardh and Anders Jahan Retzius. He obtained his doctorate in 1814. In the same year he was appointed an associate professorship in botany. Fries edited several exsiccata series, the first starting in 1818 under the title ''Lichenes Sveciae exsiccati, curante Elia Fries'' and the last together with Franz Joseph Lagger under the title ''Hieracia europaea exsiccata''. He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Tulasne
Charles Tulasne (5 September 1816 – 28 August 1884) was a French physician, mycologist and illustrator born in Langeais in the département of Indre-et-Loire. He received his medical doctorate in 1840 and practiced medicine in Paris until 1854. Afterwards he worked with his older brother Louis René Tulasne (1815–1885) in the field of mycology. He died in Hyères, département of Var. In addition to assisting his brother with the classification and study of fungi, Charles Tulasne collaborated with Louis on numerous scientific publications. He is known for his excellent illustrations, particularly in the three-volume ''Selecta Fungorum Carpologia''. Regarding the artistic quality of his work, Charles Tulasne is sometimes referred to as "The Audubon of Fungi". In 1872, Joseph Schröter circumscribed a genus of effused (patch-forming) fungi in the Tulasnellaceae The Tulasnellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Cantharellales. The family comprises mainly effused ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metacordyceps
''Metacordyceps'' is a genus of fungi A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ... in the family Clavicipitaceae. The anamorphs of ''Metacordyceps'' appear to include '' Metarhizium'' species. Metacordyceps species attack insects in the orders Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, hosts that are common throughout all Cordyceps-like fungi. Species Genus proposed in 2012: *'' M. chlamydosporia'' *'' M. dhauladharensis'' *'' M. liangshanensis'' – Proposals for transferring to ''Metacordyceps'' and ''Papiliomyces'' relied on improperly authenticated material. True type material belongs in ''Ophiocordyceps''. *'' M. taii'' References External links * {{Taxonbar, from=Q5360765 Sordariomycetes genera Clavicipitaceae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophiocordyceps Unilateralis
''Ophiocordyceps unilateralis'', commonly known as zombie-ant fungus, is an entomopathogenic fungus, insect-pathogenic fungus, discovered by the British naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace in 1859. Zombie ants, infected by the ''Ophiocordyceps unilateralis'' fungus, are predominantly found in Tropical rainforest, tropical rainforests. These fungi thrive in warm, humid environments, which are ideal for their growth and reproduction. However, they can also be found in warm-temperate forest systems. The fungus primarily targets ants from the tribe Camponotini, including carpenter ants (genus ''Camponotus''). ''O. unilateralis'' infects ants of the tribe Camponotini, with the full pathogenesis being characterized by alteration of the behavioral patterns of the infected ant. Infected hosts leave their canopy nests and foraging trails for the forest floor, an area with a temperature and humidity suitable for fungal growth; they then use their Mandible (insect mouthpart), mandibles to at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophiocordyceps Sinensis
''Ophiocordyceps sinensis'' (synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Cordyceps sinensis''), known colloquially as caterpillar fungus, is an entomopathogenic fungus (a fungus that grows on insects) in the family Ophiocordycipitaceae. It is mainly found in the meadows above on the Tibetan Plateau in Tibet and the Himalayan regions of Bhutan, India, and Nepal. It parasite, parasitizes larvae of Hepialidae, ghost moths and produces a sporocarp (fungi), fruiting body which is valued in traditional Chinese medicine as an aphrodisiac. However, naturally harvested fruiting bodies often contain high amounts of arsenic and other heavy metals, making them potentially toxic. As a result, their sale has been strictly regulated by China's State Administration for Market Regulation since 2016. ''O. sinensis'' parasitizes the larvae of moths within the family Hepialidae, specifically genera found on the Tibetan Plateau and in the Himalayas, between elevations of . The fungus germinates in the living l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuclear DNA
Nuclear DNA (nDNA), or nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid, is the DNA contained within each cell nucleus of a eukaryotic organism. It encodes for the majority of the genome in eukaryotes, with mitochondrial DNA and plastid DNA coding for the rest. It adheres to Mendelian inheritance, with information coming from two parents, one male and one female—rather than matrilineally (through the mother) as in mitochondrial DNA. Structure Nuclear DNA is a nucleic acid, a polymeric biomolecule or biopolymer, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Its structure is a double helix, with two strands wound around each other, a structure first described by Francis Crick and James D. Watson (1953) using data collected by Rosalind Franklin. Each strand is a long polymer chain of repeating nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and an organic base. Nucleotides are distinguished by their bases: purines, large bases that include adenine and gu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epichloë
''Epichloë'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi forming an endophytic symbiosis with grasses. Grass choke disease is a symptom in grasses induced by some ''Epichloë'' species, which form spore-bearing mats (stromata) on tillers and suppress the development of their host plant's inflorescence. For most of their life cycle however, ''Epichloë'' grow in the intercellular space of stems, leaves, inflorescences, and seeds of the grass plant without incurring symptoms of disease. In fact, they provide several benefits to their host, including the production of different herbivore-deterring alkaloids, increased stress resistance, and growth promotion. Within the family Clavicipitaceae, ''Epichloë'' is embedded in a group of endophytic and plant pathogenic fungi, whose common ancestor probably derived from an animal pathogen. The genus includes both species with a sexually reproducing (teleomorphic) stage and asexual, anamorphic species. The latter were previously placed in the form genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lecanicillium
''Lecanicillium'' is a genus of fungi in the order Hypocreales and is described as anamorphic Cordycipitaceae; 21 species are currently described. Some of these entomopathogenic fungus species were previously widely known as ''Verticillium lecanii'' (Zimmerman) Viegas. This genus was first named and introduced by Rasoul Zare (IRIPP) and Walter Gams (CBS). Species The '' IndexFungorum'' records the following species: * '' Lecanicillium acerosum'' W. Gams, H.C. Evans & Zare 2001 * '' Lecanicillium antillanum'' (R.F. Castañeda & G.R.W. Arnold) Zare & W. Gams 2001 * '' Lecanicillium aphanocladii'' Zare & W. Gams 2001 * '' Lecanicillium aranearum'' (Petch) Zare & W. Gams 2001 * '' Lecanicillium araneicola'' Sukarno & Kurihara 2009 * '' Lecanicillium attenuatum'' Zare & W. Gams 2001 * '' Lecanicillium dimorphum'' (J.D. Chen) Zare & W. Gams 2001 * '' Lecanicillium evansii'' Zare & W. Gams 2001 * '' Lecanicillium flavidum'' (W. Gams & Zaayen) W. Gams & Zare 2008 * '' Lecanicillium fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordyceps Bassiana
''Beauveria bassiana'' is a fungus that grows naturally in soils throughout the world and acts as a parasite on various arthropod species, causing white muscardine disease; it thus belongs to the group of entomopathogenic fungi. It is used as a biological insecticide to control a number of pests, including termites, thrips, whiteflies, aphids and various beetles. Its use in the control of bed bugs and malaria-transmitting mosquitos is under investigation.Donald G. McNeil Jr.Fungus Fatal to Mosquito May Aid Global War on Malaria ''The New York Times'', 10 June 2005 Taxonomy The species is named after the Italian entomologist Agostino Bassi, who discovered it in 1835 in silkworms (''Bombyx mori''). Bassi performed the first infection experiments, and determined the fungus to be the cause of the muscardine disease, which then led to carriers transmitting it by airborne means. Later the same year, the fungus was named ''Botrytis bassiana'' by Giuseppe Gabriel Balsamo-Crivelli. The spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beauveria
''Beauveria'' is a genus of asexually-reproducing fungi allied with the ascomycete family Cordycipitaceae. Its several species are typically insect pathogens. The sexual states ( teleomorphs) of ''Beauveria'' species, where known, are species of '' Cordyceps'' . ''Beauveria'' species are white entomopathogenic fungi. They form unicellular conidia that are typically hydrophobic and very small. The conidia are formed holoblastically from basally inflated conidiogenous cells. After conidium production, the conidiogenous cell elongates before producing another conidium atop a small denticle (a narrow projection bearing a conidium or sporangium). The result is the formation of a distinctive, slender, zig-zag rachis. Colonies of ''Beauveria'' species are typically white or off-white on artificial culture media. Species of '' Tritirachium'' resemble ''Beauveria'' species in having a zig-zag conidiogenous cells, but differ in lacking conspicuous denticles and in producing yellow-b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teleomorph, Anamorph And Holomorph
In mycology, the terms teleomorph, anamorph, and holomorph apply to portions of the life cycles of fungi in the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota: *Teleomorph: the sexual reproductive stage (morph), typically a fruiting body. *Anamorph: an asexual reproductive stage (morph), often mold-like. When a single fungus produces multiple morphologically distinct anamorphs, these are called synanamorphs. *Holomorph: the whole fungus, including anamorphs and teleomorph. The terms were introduced in 1981 to simplify the discussion of the procedures of the existing dual-naming system, which (1) permitted anamorphs to have their separate names but (2) treated teleomorphic names as having precedence for being used as the holomorphic name. The ''Melbourne Code'' removes the provisions and allows all names to compete on equal footing for priority as the correct name of a fungus, and hence does not use the term ''holomorph'' any more. Dual naming of fungi Fungi are classified primarily based o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
