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Irondro
Irondro is a village in the region of Vatovavy in Madagascar. It belongs to the municipality of Antsenavolo and the district of Mananjary/ It is situated at the crossroad of the Route nationale 25 between Ranomafana, Ifanadiana and Mananjary and is the startpoint of the Route nationale 12 to Manakara (118km) and Farafangana. Mining There are some mining operations on emerald Emerald is a gemstone and a variety of the mineral beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored green by trace amounts of chromium or sometimes vanadium.Hurlbut, Cornelius S. Jr. and Kammerling, Robert C. (1991) ''Gemology'', John Wiley & Sons, New York, p ...s since the 1970th. References External links *Pictures of ''Irondro'' {{Vatovavy Populated places in Vatovavy ...
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Route Nationale 12 (Madagascar)
''Route nationale 12'' (''RN 12'') is a primary highway in Madagascar of 299 km, running from Irondro to Vangaindrano. It crosses the regions of Vatovavy, Fitovinany and Atsimo-Atsinanana Atsimo-Atsinanana (South East) is a region in Madagascar. Its capital is Farafangana. The region used to be part of the Fianarantsoa Province. The region extends along the southern part of the east coast of Madagascar. It is bordered by Vatov .... It is paved but partly in bad condition. Selected locations on route (north to south) * Irondro (intersection with RN 25) * Mizilo Gara (railway) * Manakara - 118km * Vohipeno - 202 km * Farafangana - 224 km * Vangaindrano - 299 km The section between Vohipeno and Farafangana is paved. See also * List of roads in Madagascar * Transport in Madagascar References {{reflist Roads in Atsimo-Atsinanana Roads in Vatovavy Roads in Madagascar ...
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Mananjary District
Mananjary is a district of Vatovavy in Madagascar. Its capital is the city of Mananjary. Communes The district is further divided into 25 communes: * Ambalahosy Nord * Ambodinonoka * Ambohimiarina II * Ambohinihaonana * Andonabe * Andranambolava * Anosimparihy * Antsenavolo ** Irondro * Kianjavato * Mahaela * Mahatsara Iefaka * Mahatsara Sud * Mahavoky Nord * Manakana Nord * Mananjary * Marofototra * Marokarima * Marosangy * Morafeno * Namorona * Sandrohy * Tsaravary * Tsiatosika * Vatohandrina Vatohandrina is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Mananjary, which is a part of Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 8,000 in 2001 commune census. Only primary s ... * Vohilava References Districts of Vatovavy {{Madagascar-geo-stub ...
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Antsenavolo
Antsenavolo is a rural municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Mananjary, which is a part of Vatovavy. The population of the municipality was estimated to be approximately 16,000 in 2001 commune census. Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 95% of the population of the commune are farmers. The most important crops are coffee and rice; also bananas is an important agricultural product. Services provide employment for 5% of the population. See also *Irondro Irondro is a village in the region of Vatovavy in Madagascar. It belongs to the municipality of Antsenavolo and the district of Mananjary/ It is situated at the crossroad of the Route nationale 25 between Ranomafana, Ifanadiana and Mananjary a ..., a village of this municipality. References and notes Populated places in Vatovavy {{Vatovavy-geo-stub ...
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Route Nationale 25 (Madagascar)
''Route nationale 25'' (''RN 25'') is a primary highway in Madagascar of 161 km, running from Mananjary, Fianarantsoa to RN7. It crosses the regions of Vatovavy and Haute Matsiatra. It is only partly paved and often in bad condition. Selected locations on route (east to west) *Mananjary, Fianarantsoa (already on RN 11) * Betampona (near Betampona intersection with RN 11) * Fenoarivo, Ambalavao * Irondro (intersection with RN 12) * Kianjavato * Ifanadiana (intersection with RN 14 to Ikongo/Vohipeno) *Ranomafana National Park * Vorodolo - (intersection with RN 45) * Ambalakindresy * Manandroy - intersection with RN7 * Ambohimahasoa See also * List of Roads in Madagascar *Transport in Madagascar Paved and unpaved roadways, as well as railways, provide the main forms of transport in Madagascar. Madagascar has approximately of paved roads and 836 km of rail lines. In 2010, Madagascar had of navigable waterways. Railways In 2018, Madaga ... References {{reflist ...
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Vatovavy
Vatovavy is a region of Madagascar. Its capital is Mananjary. It was created by dividing the former region of Vatovavy-Fitovinany on 16 June 2021. Cyclone Batsirai made landfall at Mananjary in 2022, leaving 90 percent of the city destroyed. Administrative divisions Vatovavy Region is divided into three districts, which are sub-divided into 58 communes. * Ifanadiana District - 14 communes * Mananjary District - 25 communes * Nosy Varika District - 19 communes Transportation *Train - 180 km (from Fianarantsoa) *Car Taxi-Brousse * One airport: Mananjary Airport Rivers * the Namorona River Namorona is a river in Vatovavy, eastern Madagascar. It flows down from the central highlands, runs along the Ranomafana National Park, forms the Andriamamovoka Falls, to flow into the Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of t ... Protected areas *Part of Ranomafana National Park References Vatovavy Regions of Madagascar {{Vatovavy-geo-stub ...
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Districts Of Madagascar
Districts are second-level administrative divisions of Madagascar below the regions. There are 114 districts in Madagascar. Districts are in their turn divided into communes; while some of the districts in urban areas (such as the City districts of Antananarivo, Antsirabe I, Antsiranana I, Fianarantsoa I, Toamasina I and Toliara I) and offshore islands (such as the districts of Nosy Be and Nosy Boraha) each consist of only one commune, most of the districts are divided typically into 5–20 communes. List of districts * Note that Isandra, Lalangina and Vohibato Districts previously formed Fianarantsoa II District (within Haute Matsiatra Region) which has now been split into these three new districts. Another new district was formed by the splitting off of the new Mandoto District from Betafo District (within Vakinankaratra Region). See also * Subdivisions of Madagascar * Provinces of Madagascar * Regions of Madagascar Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, ...
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Madagascar
Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa across the Mozambique Channel. At Madagascar is the world's List of island countries, second-largest island country, after Indonesia. The nation is home to around 30 million inhabitants and consists of the island of Geography of Madagascar, Madagascar (the List of islands by area, fourth-largest island in the world), along with numerous smaller peripheral islands. Following the prehistoric breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana, Madagascar split from the Indian subcontinent around 90 million years ago, allowing native plants and animals to evolve in relative isolation. Consequently, Madagascar is a biodiversity hotspot; over 90% of wildlife of Madagascar, its wildlife is endemic. Human settlement of Madagascar occurred during or befo ...
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Ranomafana, Ifanadiana
Ranomafana is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ifanadiana, which is a part of the region of Vatovavy. The population of the commune was 9,705 in the 2018. Primary and junior level secondary education are available in the town. 60% of the population of the commune are farmers; the most important crops are bananas and rice, while other important agricultural products are pineapple and cassava. Services provide employment for 40% of the population. There is an outdoor swimming pool and bath filled by hot water springs. A number of hotels are found throughout the village, accommodating tourist that come to visit the nearby Ranomafana National Park. Roads The commune is situated at 62 km from Fianarantsoa and 138 km from Mananjary along the National Road 25. Rivers The commune is crossed by the Namorona River. See also * Ranomafana National Park Ranomafana National Park is in the southeastern part of Madagascar in Haute Matsiatra and Vatovavy ...
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Mananjary, Fianarantsoa
Mananjary is a city located in Vatovavy, Madagascar with a population of 25,222 inhabitants in 2018. It is the chief city of the Mananjary district. It contains a town of the same name, situated on the southern part of the east coast, where the Mananjary River flows into the Indian Ocean. There's a small port and an airport. Mananjary is situated at 130 km south of Nosy Varika on the RN 11 The Canal des Pangalanes divides the town into two sections. In 2022 Cyclone Batsirai Intense Tropical Cyclone Batsirai was a deadly tropical cyclone which heavily impacted Madagascar in February 2022, becoming the strongest tropical cyclone to strike Madagascar since Cyclone Enawo in 2017. It made landfall two weeks after Tro ... made landfall at Mananjary, leaving the city destroyed by 90%. Economy Agriculture production is focused on vanilla, coffee, and pepper production.
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Manakara
Manakara is a city in Madagascar. It is the capital Fitovinany Region and of the district of Manakara Atsimo. The city is located at the east coast near the mouth of the Manakara River and has a small port. The bridge over the Manakara River that connected the northern and southern parts of the city partly collapsed in September 2012. It is the endpoint of the Fianarantsoa-Côte Est railway (FCE), which connects the city of Fianarantsoa with the sea. For those interested in traveling to Manakara via the railway, please be advised the train can take over 12 hours at times. It usually leaves Fianarantsoa at 7 in the morning, and is supposed to reach Manakara by 4 pm, but there have been incidences of it not reaching Manakara until much later. If one needs to return to the capital from Manakara and time is an issue, take a plane or a taxi-brousse (Taxi-Bus). There is also an airport and a national road along the coastline. Manakara Airport is one of the few places where a rai ...
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Farafangana
Farafangana is a city (commune urbaine) on the south-east coast of Madagascar and capital of the Atsimo-Atsinanana region. Location Farafangana is the capital of the region Atsimo-Atsinanana located approximately 400 kilometres south of the capital Antananarivo. It is at the southern end of the Canal des Pangalanes,Madagascar & Comoros
p. 232 (, 2008)
with the mouth of the Manampatrana River located on the north side of the town. It is 106km south of

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Emerald
Emerald is a gemstone and a variety of the mineral beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored green by trace amounts of chromium or sometimes vanadium.Hurlbut, Cornelius S. Jr. and Kammerling, Robert C. (1991) ''Gemology'', John Wiley & Sons, New York, p. 203, . Beryl has a hardness of 7.5–8 on the Mohs scale. Most emeralds are highly included, so their toughness (resistance to breakage) is classified as generally poor. Emerald is a cyclosilicate. Etymology The word "emerald" is derived (via fro, esmeraude and enm, emeraude), from Vulgar Latin: ''esmaralda''/''esmaraldus'', a variant of Latin ''smaragdus'', which was a via grc, σμάραγδος (smáragdos; "green gem") from a Semitic language. According to Webster's Dictionary the term emerald was first used in the 14th century. Properties determining value Emeralds, like all colored gemstones, are graded using four basic parameters–the four ''C''s of connoisseurship: ''color'', ''clarity,'' ''cut'' and ''carat weight''. ...
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