|
Invasion Of Surinam (1804)
The invasion of Surinam was a British military campaign which resulted in the capture and occupation of the Dutch colony of Surinam in 1804 during the Napoleonic Wars. Surinam, defended by a weak Batavian garrison under the command of Abraham Jacob van Imbijze van Batenburg, was attacked by a British expeditionary force led by Samuel Hood and Sir Charles Green on 25 April. By 5 May, the British had captured the colony, and Green was appointed as the governor of Surinam. Background In March 1804, the new Commander-in-Chief, Sir Charles Green, along with the 16th and 64th Regiments of Foot, arrived in Barbados from Britain, and plans were immediately made to capture the Dutch colony of Surinam from the Batavian Republic. The previous year, the Dutch colonies of Demarara, Essequibo and Berbice had been peacefully occupied and was believed that the inhabitants of Surinam were also amenable, though the colony's authorities were less so. The invasion force comprised a British ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caribbean Campaign Of 1803–1810
The Caribbean campaign of 1803–1810 was a series of military contests mainly in the West Indies spanning the Napoleonic Wars, involving the European powers of Napoleonic France, the Batavian Republic, Spain, the Kingdom of Portugal and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Eventually British naval forces dominated the seas and by 1810 every French, Dutch and Danish colony was firmly under allied (mainly British) control. Background By 1804, France had lost control of the colonies of Saint-Domingue and Louisiana (New France), Louisiana, with the former declaring its independence as the First Empire of Haiti and the latter Louisiana Purchase, being sold to the United States. However, France still Era de Francia, maintained control over the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, which it had acquired from Spain in 1795 in the Peace of Basel, in addition to the island colonies of Martinique and Guadeloupe along with Cayenne in South America. The Batavian Republic, allie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Indies Regiment
The West India Regiments (WIR) were infantry units of the British Army recruited from and normally stationed in the British colonies of the Caribbean between 1795 and 1927. In 1888 the two West India Regiments then in existence were reduced to a single unit of two battalions. This regiment differed from similar forces raised in other parts of the British Empire in that it formed an integral part of the regular British Army. In 1958 a new regiment was created following the creation of the Federation of the West Indies with the establishment of three battalions, however, the regiment's existence was short-lived and it was disbanded in 1962 when its personnel were used to establish other units in Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. Throughout their history, the regiments were involved in a number of campaigns in the West Indies and Africa, and also took part in the First World War, where they served in the Middle East and East Africa. History Origins and early basis of recruitment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newfoundland
Newfoundland and Labrador is the easternmost province of Canada, in the country's Atlantic region. The province comprises the island of Newfoundland and the continental region of Labrador, having a total size of . As of 2025 the population of Newfoundland and Labrador was estimated to be 545,579. The island of Newfoundland (and its smaller neighbouring islands) is home to around 94 per cent of the province's population, with more than half residing in the Avalon Peninsula. Labrador has a land border with both the province of Quebec, as well as a short border with the territory of Nunavut on Killiniq Island. The French overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon lies about west of the Burin Peninsula. According to the 2016 census, 97.0% of residents reported English as their native language, making Newfoundland and Labrador Canada's most linguistically homogeneous province. Much of the population is descended from English and Irish settlers, with the majority ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Shrapnel
Lieutenant-General Henry Scrope Shrapnel (3 June 1761 – 13 March 1842) was a British Army officer whose name has entered the English language as the inventor of the shrapnel shell. Biography Henry Shrapnel was born at Midway Manor in Bradford-on-Avon, Wiltshire, England, the ninth child of Zachariah Shrapnel and his wife Lydia. He was commissioned as an Royal Artillery lieutenant in 1779, serving first in Newfoundland. He returned to England in 1784, when he began to experiment with hollow cannonballs filled with lead shot that burst in mid-air. In 1787 he was posted to Gibraltar where he began demonstrations of his anti-personnel weapon which impressed senior officers commanding the fortress. From Gibraltar, Shrapnel was sent to the West Indies in 1791. Shrapnel served in Flanders, where he was wounded in 1793. He was promoted to major on 1 November 1803 after eight years as a captain. In 1803, the British Army adopted a similar but elongated explosive shell which immedi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shrapnel Shell
Shrapnel shells were anti-personnel artillery munitions that carried many individual bullets close to a target area and then ejected them to allow them to continue along the shell's trajectory and strike targets individually. They relied almost entirely on the shell's velocity for their lethality. The munition has been obsolete since the end of World War I for anti-personnel use; high-explosive shells superseded it for that role. The functioning and principles behind shrapnel shells are fundamentally different from high-explosive shell fragmentation. Shrapnel is named after Lieutenant-General Henry Shrapnel, a Royal Artillery officer, whose experiments, initially conducted on his own time and at his own expense, culminated in the design and development of a new type of artillery shell. Usage of the term "shrapnel" has changed over time to also refer to fragmentation of the casing of shells and bombs, which is its most common modern usage and strays from the original meaning. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Draught (hull)
The draft or draught of a ship is a determined depth of the vessel below the waterline, measured vertically to its hull's lowest—its propellers, or keel, or other reference point. Draft varies according to the loaded condition of the ship. A deeper draft means the ship will have greater vertical depth below the waterline. Draft is used in under keel clearance calculations, where the draft is calculated with the available depth of water (from Electronic navigational charts) to ensure the ship can navigate safely, without grounding. Navigators can determine their draught by calculation or by visual observation (of the ship's painted load lines). Related terminology A ship's draft/draught is the "depth of the vessel below the waterline measured vertically to the lowest part of the hull, propellers, or other reference point". That is, the draft or draught is the maximum depth of any part of the vessel, including appendages such as rudders, propellers and drop keels if deplo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James O'Brien, 3rd Marquess Of Thomond
Admiral James O'Brien, 3rd Marquess of Thomond, GCH (1769–1855), styled Lord James O'Brien from 1809 to 1846, was a British naval officer and Chief of Clan O'Brien. O'Brien, born in 1769, was third son of Edward Dominic O'Brien, captain in the army (d. 1801). His mother was Mary Carrick, and his uncle, Murrough O'Brien, was first Marquess of Thomond. He inherited his title on the death of his brother William O'Brien, 2nd Marquess of Thomond. Naval career As a captain's servant, he entered the navy on 17 April 1783 on board , stationed in the Channel. From 1786 to 1789 he was a midshipman in the 74-gun ''Pegasus'' and the 32-gun frigate, both commanded by the Duke of Clarence, under whom he also served with the Channel fleet in in 1790. As a lieutenant he joined, in succession, on the home station, second-rate , the 38-gun fifth-rate , and the 74-gun . In the latter ship he was present in William Cornwallis' celebrated retreat, 16 and 17 June 1795. On 5 December 1796 he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick Maitland
General Frederick Maitland (3 September 1763 – 27 January 1848) was a British Army officer who fought during the American War of Independence, the Peninsular War and later served as Lieutenant Governor of Dominica. Life The youngest son of Sir Alexander Maitland, 1st Baronet, Sir Alexander Maitland and Penelope, daughter of Martin Madan (politician), Colonel Martin Madan and Judith Madan the poet, he was also the grandson of Charles Maitland, 6th Earl of Lauderdale and first cousin of Rear Admiral Frederick Lewis Maitland (Rear Admiral), Frederick Lewis Maitland (1779–1837). In 1779, the age of sixteen, Maitland joined the West Yorkshire Regiment, 14th regiment, serving as a Royal Marines, Marine on HMS Union (1756), HMS ''Union'' at the Great Siege of Gibraltar in 1781. He subsequently served in the West Indies on the staff of the quarter master-general, General Cuyler. He was promoted from Ensign to Brevet Major and also served as aide-de-camp to Charles Grey, 1st E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
16th Regiment Of Foot Officer
16 (sixteen) is the natural number following 15 and preceding 17. It is the fourth power of two. In English speech, the numbers 16 and 60 are sometimes confused, as they sound similar. Mathematics 16 is the ninth composite number, and a square number: 42 = 4 × 4 (the first non-unitary fourth-power prime of the form ''p''4). It is the smallest number with exactly five divisors, its proper divisors being , , and . Sixteen is the only integer that equals ''m''''n'' and ''n''''m'', for some unequal integers ''m'' and ''n'' (m=4, n=2, or vice versa). It has this property because 2^=2\times 2. It is also equal to 32 (see tetration). The aliquot sum of 16 is 15, within an aliquot sequence of four composite members (16, 15, 9, 4, 3, 1, 0) that belong to the prime 3-aliquot tree. *Sixteen is the largest known integer , for which 2^n+1 is prime. *It is the first Erdős–Woods number. *There are 16 partially ordered sets with four unlabeled elements. 16 is the only numb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramaribo
Paramaribo ( , , ) is the capital city, capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District. Paramaribo has a population of roughly 241,000 people (2012 census), almost half of Suriname's population. The historic inner city of Paramaribo has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002. Name The city is named for the Paramaribo tribe living at the mouth of the Suriname River; the name is from Tupi–Guarani languages, Tupi–Guarani ''para'' "large river" + ''maribo'' "inhabitants". History The name Paramaribo is probably a corruption of the name of a native village, spelled Parmurbo in the earliest Dutch sources. This was the location of the first Dutch settlement, a trading post established by Nicolaes Baliestel and Dirck Claeszoon van Sanen in 1613. English and French traders also tried to establish settlements in Suriname, including a French post established in 1644 near present-day Paramaribo. All earlier settle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Nieuw-Amsterdam
Fort Nieuw-Amsterdam is a fort in Suriname built from 1734 to 1747 at the confluence of the Suriname and Commewijne rivers. It is open to the public as an open-air museum. History The necessity of improving the fortifications of the colony of Suriname was underscored when French buccaneers under the leadership of Jacques Cassard attacked the colony in 1712. Fort Sommelsdijk, which was situated further upstream the Commewijne River at its confluence with the Cottica River was fortified for this purpose in 1715, but it was clear something more substantial needed to be done to defend the colony against foreign attacks. It was eventually decided to build a new fort at the confluence of the Suriname and Commewijne rivers. When Fort Nieuw-Amsterdam was completed in 1747, Fort Sommelsdijk was downgraded to a military outpost. Between 1863 and 1967, the fort was used as a prison. It is the location of the decommissioned lightvessel '' Suriname-Rivier'', which is permanently moored in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commewijne River
Commewijne River (Sranan Tongo: ''Kawina-liba'') is a river in northern Suriname. It originates in the jungle 100 or more miles southeast of Paraibo and meanders northwest until it receives the meandering Cottica River from the east and then runs west until it joins the north-flowing Suriname River estuary at Nieuw Amsterdam about 10 miles below Paraíba. Here, after some the combined rivers enter the Atlantic Ocean. It has a river basin of . The Commewijne was important historically for navigation: ocean-going ships navigated the river huge barges with bauxite were transported from Moengo in the east to the confluence with the Surinam river and from there traveled southward via Paramaribo to the Paranam refinery and to Trinidad and the USA. Floats with tropical hardwood were also brought to Paramaribo, the capital of Suriname. Nowadays, the Moengo bauxite is depleted and the hardwood is mostly transported by trucks. The ocean-going ships were trading the river as late as 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
