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Institute Of Combinatorics And Its Applications
The Institute of Combinatorics and its Applications (ICA) is an international scientific organization formed in 1990 to increase the visibility and influence of the Combinatorics, combinatorial community. In pursuit of this goal, the ICA sponsors conferences, publishes a bulletin and awards a number of medals, including the Euler, Hall, Kirkman, and Stanton Medals. It is based in Duluth, Minnesota and its operation office is housed at University of Minnesota Duluth. The institute was minimally active between 2010 and 2016 and resumed its full activities in March 2016. Membership The ICA has over 800 members in over forty countries. Membership is at three levels. ''Members'' are those who have not yet completed a Ph.D. ''Associate Fellows'' are younger members who have received the Ph.D. or have published extensively; normally an Associate Fellow should hold the rank of assistant professor. ''Fellows'' are expected to be established scholars and typically have the rank of associate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
501(c) Organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the Law of the United States#Federal law, federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some Taxation in the United States, federal Income tax in the United States, income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and Labor union, unions. For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) organization, 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to Child abuse, children or Animal cruelty, animals. Types According to the IRS Publication 557, in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonard Carlitz
Leonard Carlitz (December 26, 1907 – September 17, 1999) was an American mathematician. Carlitz supervised 44 doctorates at Duke University and published over 770 papers. Chronology * 1907 Born Philadelphia, PA, USA * 1927 BA, University of Pennsylvania * 1930 PhD, University of Pennsylvania, 1930 under Howard Mitchell, who had studied under Oswald Veblen at Princeton * 1930–31 at Caltech with E. T. Bell * 1931 married Clara Skaler * 1931–32 at Cambridge with G. H. Hardy * 1932 Joined the faculty of Duke University where he served for 45 years * 1938 to 1973 Editorial Board Duke Mathematical Journal (Managing Editor from 1945.) * 1939 Birth of son Michael * 1940 Supervision of his first doctoral student E. F. Canaday, awarded 1940 * 1945 Birth of son Robert * 1964 First James B. Duke Professor in Mathematics * 1977 Supervised his 44th and last doctoral student, Jo Ann Lutz, awarded 1977 * 1977 Retired * 1990 Death of wife Clara, after 59 years of marriage * 1999 Sep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Kirkman
Thomas Penyngton Kirkman FRS (31 March 1806 – 3 February 1895) was a British mathematician and ordained minister of the Church of England. Despite being primarily a churchman, he maintained an active interest in research-level mathematics, and was listed by Alexander Macfarlane as one of ten leading 19th-century British mathematicians... In the 1840s, he obtained an existence theorem for Steiner triple systems that founded the field of combinatorial design theory, while the related Kirkman's schoolgirl problem is named after him. Early life and education Kirkman was born 31 March 1806 in Bolton, in the north west of England, the son of a local cotton dealer. In his schooling at the Bolton Grammar School, he studied classics, but no mathematics was taught in the school. He was recognised as the best scholar at the school, and the local vicar guaranteed him a scholarship at Cambridge, but his father would not allow him to go. Instead, he left school at age 14 to work in his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marshall Hall (mathematician)
Marshall Hall Jr. (17 September 1910 – 4 July 1990) was an American mathematician who made significant contributions to group theory and combinatorics. Education and career Hall studied mathematics at Yale University, graduating in 1932. He studied for a year at Cambridge University under a Henry Fellowship working with G. H. Hardy. He returned to Yale to take his Ph.D. in 1936 under the supervision of Øystein Ore. He worked in Naval Intelligence during World War II, including six months in 1944 at Bletchley Park, the center of British wartime code breaking. In 1946 he took a position at Ohio State University. In 1959 he moved to the California Institute of Technology where, in 1973, he was named the first IBM Professor at Caltech, the first named chair in mathematics. After retiring from Caltech in 1981, he accepted a post at Emory University in 1985. Hall died in 1990 in London on his way to a conference to mark his 80th birthday. Contributions He wrote a numb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonhard Euler
Leonhard Euler ( ; ; ; 15 April 170718 September 1783) was a Swiss polymath who was active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, logician, geographer, and engineer. He founded the studies of graph theory and topology and made influential discoveries in many other branches of mathematics, such as analytic number theory, complex analysis, and infinitesimal calculus. He also introduced much of modern mathematical terminology and Mathematical notation, notation, including the notion of a mathematical function. He is known for his work in mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, astronomy, and music theory. Euler has been called a "universal genius" who "was fully equipped with almost unlimited powers of imagination, intellectual gifts and extraordinary memory". He spent most of his adult life in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and in Berlin, then the capital of Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia. Euler is credited for popularizing the Greek letter \pi (lowercase Pi (letter), pi) to denote Pi, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Access
Open access (OA) is a set of principles and a range of practices through which nominally copyrightable publications are delivered to readers free of access charges or other barriers. With open access strictly defined (according to the 2001 definition), or libre open access, barriers to copying or reuse are also reduced or removed by applying an open license for copyright, which regulates post-publication uses of the work. The main focus of the open access movement has been on "peer reviewed research literature", and more specifically on academic journals. This is because: * such publications have been a subject of serials crisis, unlike newspapers, magazines and fiction writing. The main difference between these two groups is in demand elasticity: whereas an English literature curriculum can substitute '' Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'' with a free-domain alternative, such as '' A Voyage to Lilliput,'' an emergency room physician treating a patient for a lif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheryl Praeger
Cheryl Elisabeth Praeger (born 7 September 1948, Toowoomba, Queensland) is an Australian mathematician. Praeger received BSc (1969) and MSc degrees from the University of Queensland (1974), and a doctorate from the University of Oxford in 1973 under direction of Peter M. Neumann. She has published widely and has advised 27 PhD students (as of March 2018). She is currently Emeritus Professor of Mathematics at the University of Western Australia. She is best known for her works in group theory, algebraic graph theory and combinatorial designs. Education Praeger completed her high school education at Brisbane Girls Grammar School. After graduating high school, Praeger went to the government vocational guidance section to inquire about how she could further study mathematics. The vocational guidance officer she spoke with tried to discourage her from studying mathematics further, suggesting she become a teacher or a nurse because two other girls who came to him wanting to study ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neil Robertson (mathematician)
George Neil Robertson (born November 30, 1938) is a mathematician working mainly in topological graph theory, currently a distinguished professor emeritus at the Ohio State University. Education Robertson earned his B.Sc. from Brandon College in 1959 and his Ph.D. in 1969 at the University of Waterloo under his doctoral advisor William Tutte. Biography In 1969, Robertson joined the faculty of the Ohio State University, where he was promoted to Associate Professor in 1972 and Professor in 1984. He was a consultant with Bell Communications Research from 1984 to 1996. He has held visiting faculty positions in many institutions, most extensively at Princeton University from 1996 to 2001, and at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, in 2002. He also holds an adjunct position at King Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia.. Research Robertson is known for his work in graph theory, and particularly for a long series of papers co-authored with Paul Seymour and published over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carsten Thomassen (mathematician)
Carsten Thomassen (born August 22, 1948 in Grindsted) is a Danish mathematician. He has been a Professor of Mathematics at the Technical University of Denmark since 1981, and since 1990 a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters. His research concerns discrete mathematics and more specifically graph theory. Thomassen received his Ph.D. in 1976 from the University of Waterloo. He is editor-in-chief of the '' Journal of Graph Theory'' and the '' Electronic Journal of Combinatorics'', and editor of ''Combinatorica'', the '' Journal of Combinatorial Theory'' Series B, Discrete Mathematics, and the '' European Journal of Combinatorics''. He was awarded the Dedicatory Award of the 6th International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Graphs by the Western Michigan University in May 1988, the Lester R. Ford Award by the Mathematical Association of America in 1993, and the Faculty of Mathematics Alumni Achievement Medal by the University of Waterloo in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry W
Henry may refer to: People and fictional characters * Henry (given name), including lists of people and fictional characters * Henry (surname) * Henry, a stage name of François-Louis Henry (1786–1855), French baritone Arts and entertainment * ''Henry'' (2011 film), a Canadian short film * ''Henry'' (2015 film), a virtual reality film * '' Henry: Portrait of a Serial Killer'', a 1986 American crime film * ''Henry'' (comics), an American comic strip created in 1932 by Carl Anderson * "Henry", a song by New Riders of the Purple Sage Places Antarctica * Henry Bay, Wilkes Land Australia * Henry River (New South Wales) * Henry River (Western Australia) Canada * Henry Lake (Vancouver Island), British Columbia * Henry Lake (Halifax County), Nova Scotia * Henry Lake (District of Chester), Nova Scotia New Zealand * Lake Henry (New Zealand) * Henry River (New Zealand) United States * Henry, Illinois * Henry, Indiana * Henry, Nebraska * Henry, South Dakota * Henry Count ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vera T
Vera may refer to: Names *Vera (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) *Vera (given name), a given name (including a list of people and fictional characters with the name) **Vera (), archbishop of the archdiocese of Tarragona Places Spain *Vera, Almería, a municipality in the province of Almería, Andalusia * Vera de Bidasoa, a municipality in the autonomous community of Navarra *La Vera, a comarca in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura United States * Vera, Illinois, an unincorporated community * Vera, Kansas, a ghost town * Vera, Missouri, an unincorporated community * Vera, Oklahoma, a town * Vera, Texas, an unincorporated community * Vera, Virginia, an unincorporated community * Veradale, Washington, originally known as Vera, CDP Elsewhere * Vera, Santa Fe, a city in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina * Vera Department, an administrative subdivision (departamento) of the province of Santa Fe * Vera, Mato Grosso, Brazil, a municipality * Cape Ve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustavus Simmons
Gustavus J. Simmons (born 1930) is a retired cryptographer and former manager of the applied mathematics Department and Senior Fellow at Sandia National Laboratories. He worked primarily with authentication theory, developing cryptographic techniques for solving problems of mutual distrust and in devising protocols whose function could be trusted, even though some of the inputs or participants cannot be. Life and career Simmons was born in West Virginia and was named after his grandfather, a prohibition officer who was gunned down three years before Gustavus was born. He began his post-secondary education at Deep Springs College, and received his Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque. Simmons has published over 170 papers, many of which are devoted to asymmetric encryption techniques. His technical contributions include the development of subliminal channels which make it possible to conceal covert communications in digital signatures and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
