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Indian Home Guard
The Indian Home Guard was a series of volunteer infantry regiments recruited from the Five Civilized Tribes of the Indian Territory to support the Union during the American Civil War. There was also a series of Confederate units of Indian Territory. The leaders of all of the Five Civilized Tribes signed treaties with the Confederacy at the start of the Civil War. Many of the tribal members, however, did not support the Confederacy, and, not being organized, were driven from Indian Territory with a large loss of life. Most fled to Kansas and Missouri. Many of the "Loyal" Indians volunteered for Union duty in order to get control back from the Confederate generals. The Indian Home Guard regiments fought mostly in Indian Territory and Arkansas. It was mainly due to these Loyal Indians that the Five Civilized Tribes were able to retain any of their lands following the end of the Civil War. Indian Home Guard Regiments 1st Regiment, Indian Home Guard Organized at Le Roy, Kansas on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Five Civilized Tribes
The term Five Civilized Tribes was applied by the United States government in the early federal period of the history of the United States to the five major Native American nations in the Southeast: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek), and Seminoles. White Americans classified them as "civilized" because they had adopted attributes of the Anglo-American culture. The descriptor "civilized", historically used to obscure the cultural imperialism of White settlers, is seldom used nowadays because of the derogatory implication that other Native tribes were uncivilized. Consequently, the grouping of these nations is referred to as The Five Tribes or simply Five Tribes. Examples of such colonial attributes adopted by these five tribes included Christianity, centralized governments, literacy, market participation, written constitutions, intermarriage with White Americans, and chattel slavery practices, including purchase of enslaved Black Americans. For a period, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cherokee
The Cherokee (; , or ) people are one of the Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States. Prior to the 18th century, they were concentrated in their homelands, in towns along river valleys of what is now southwestern North Carolina, southeastern Tennessee, southwestern Virginia, edges of western South Carolina, northern Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia and northeastern Alabama with hunting grounds in Kentucky, together consisting of around 40,000 square miles. The Cherokee language is part of the Iroquoian languages, Iroquoian language group. In the 19th century, James Mooney, an early American Ethnography, ethnographer, recorded one oral tradition that told of the Tribe (Native American), tribe having migrated south in ancient times from the Great Lakes region, where other Iroquoian Peoples, Iroquoian peoples have been based. However, anthropologist Thomas R. Whyte, writing in 2007, dated the split among the peoples as occurring earlier. He believes that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kansas In The American Civil War
At the outbreak of the American Civil War in April 1861, Kansas was the newest U.S. state, admitted just months earlier in January. The state had formally rejected slavery by popular vote and vowed to fight on the side of the Union, though ideological divisions with neighboring Missouri, a slave state, had led to violent conflict in previous years and persisted for the duration of the war. While Kansas was a rural frontier state, distant from the major theaters of war, and its Unionist government was never seriously threatened by Confederate military forces, several engagements did occur within its borders, as well as countless raids and skirmishes between local irregulars, including the Lawrence Massacre by pro-Confederate guerrillas under William Quantrill in August 1863. Later the state witnessed the defeat of Confederate General Sterling Price by Union General Alfred Pleasonton at the Battle of Mine Creek, the second-largest cavalry action of the war. Additionally, some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arkansas In The American Civil War
During the American Civil War, Arkansas was a Confederate state, though it had initially voted to remain in the Union. Following the capture of Fort Sumter in April 1861, Abraham Lincoln called for troops from every Union state to put down the rebellion, and Arkansas along with several other southern states seceded. For the rest of the civil war, Arkansas played a major role in controlling the Mississippi River, a major waterway. Arkansas raised 48 infantry regiments, 20 artillery batteries, and over 20 cavalry regiments for the Confederacy, mostly serving in the Western Theater, though the Third Arkansas served with distinction in the Army of Northern Virginia. Major-General Patrick Cleburne was the state's most notable military leader. The state also supplied four infantry regiments, four cavalry regiments and one artillery battery of white troops for the Union and six infantry regiments and one artillery battery of " U.S. Colored Troops." Numerous skirmishes as well ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irregular Forces Of The American Civil War
Irregular, irregulars or irregularity may refer to any of the following: Astronomy * Irregular galaxy * Irregular moon * Irregular variable, a kind of star Language * Irregular inflection, the formation of derived forms such as plurals in unpredictable ways ** Irregular verb Law * Against regulations * In canon law, an Canonical impediment#Irregularities, irregularity is an impediment for the Catholic priesthood or for exercising orders already received Mathematics * Irregularity of a surface * Irregularity of distributions * Irregularity index Medicine * Irregular bone * Arrhythmia, also known as an irregular heartbeat * Constipation, also called "irregularity" Other * ''The Irregulars'', a 2021 Netflix series * Accounting irregularity * Irregular military * Irregular chess opening See also * Anomaly (other) * Baker Street Irregulars * Regular (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annie Heloise Abel
Annie Heloise Abel (February 18, 1873 – March 14, 1947) was an American historian who was among the earliest professional historians to study Native Americans. She was one of the first thirty women in the United States to earn a PhD in history. Abel was an expert on the history of British and American Indian policies. According to historian James Anderson, she was "the first academically trained historian in the United States to consider the development of Indian-white relations." Early life and education Abel was born at Fernhurst, Sussex, England to George Abel and Amelia Anne Hogben. She emigrated to the U.S. in 1885, following her parents who were settling in Salina, Kansas, for the second time. Her father worked as a gardener and her mother ran a small family farm. Abel attended Salina High School, graduating in 1893. She immediately began teaching in the Kansas public schools. In 1895, Abel began studies at the University of Kansas, where her undergraduate studies wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cherokee In The American Civil War
During the course of the American Civil War Cherokee people fought for both the Union and the Confederacy. Alignment was hotly contested within the Cherokee Nation: factions such as The Gold Cloak Society (composed mainly of mixed slave owners) supported the confederacy, while members of the Keetoowah Society organized in opposition to that support. At the war's outbreak The Cherokee Nation's Principal Chief John Ross insisted upon the nation's neutrality. However, under pressure, The Cherokee Nation would briefly ally with the confederacy. Cherokees were active in the Trans-Mississippi and Western Theaters. In the east, Confederate Cherokees led by William Holland Thomas hindered Union forces trying to use the Appalachian mountain passes of western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee. Out west, Confederate Cherokee Stand Watie led primarily Native Confederate forces in the Indian Territory, in what is now the state of Oklahoma. Background Before Indian removal, the Chero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choctaw In The American Civil War
The Choctaw in the American Civil War participated in two major arenas—the Trans-Mississippi and Western Theaters. The Trans-Mississippi had the Choctaw Nation. The Western had the Mississippi Choctaw. The Choctaw Nation had been mostly removed west prior to the War, but the Mississippi Choctaw had remained in the east. Both the Choctaw Nation and the Mississippi Choctaw would ultimately side with the Confederate States of America. After thirty years of development, the Choctaw Nation had begun to flourish in their new western environment. Their economic system was identical as the American South and based upon slave labor. Their upper class was engaged in the cotton trade with networks reaching as far as New Orleans. Confederate envoy Albert Pike successfully persuaded much of "Indian Country" to side with the newly formed Confederate states. He conducted treaties for the Confederacy and later commanded a combined force of Choctaw, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Army Indian Scouts
Native Americans have made up an integral part of U.S. military conflicts since America's beginning. Colonists recruited Indian allies during such instances as the Pequot War from 1634–1638, the Revolutionary War, as well as in War of 1812. Native Americans also fought on both sides during the American Civil War, as well as military missions abroad including the most notable, the Codetalkers who served in World War II. The Scouts were active in the American West in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Including those who accompanied General John J. Pershing in 1916 on his expedition to Mexico in pursuit of Pancho Villa. Indian Scouts were officially deactivated in 1947 when their last member retired from the Army at Fort Huachuca, Arizona. For many Indians it was an important form of interaction with European-American culture and their first major encounter with the Whites' way of thinking and doing things.Dunlay, Thomas W. Wolves for the blue soldiers: Indian scouts and a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Cavalry
Indian cavalry is the name collectively given to the Midwestern and Eastern American Indians who fought during the American Civil War, most of them on horseback and for the Confederate States of America. Indian units in the CS Armed forces Cherokee Nation * 1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles – Col. (later Brigadier) Stand Watie, Col. John Drew * Thomas' Legion / 69th North Carolina Infantry – Col. William H. Thomas * Scales'/Fry's Battalion of Cherokee Cavalry * Meyer's Battalion of Cherokee Cavalry * Cherokee Battalion of Infantry * 2nd Cherokee Artillery Battery * Livingston's Cherokee Spikes Chickasaw Nation * 1st Regiment of Chickasaw Infantry * 1st Regiment of Chickasaw Cavalry – Col. William L. Hunter * 1st Battalion, Chickasaw Cavalry (Shecoe's Btln., Chickasaw Mounted Volunteers) – Lt. Col. Joseph D. Harris, Lt. Col. Lemuel M. Reynolds, Lt. Col. Martin Shecoe Choctaw Nation * 1st Regiment Choctaw & Chickasaw Mounted Rifles – Col. (later Brigadier) Douglas H. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Territory In The American Civil War
During the American Civil War, most of what is now the U.S. state of Oklahoma was designated as the Indian Territory. It served as an unorganized region that had been set aside specifically for Native American tribes and was occupied mostly by tribes which had been removed from their ancestral lands in the Southeastern United States following the Indian Removal Act of 1830. As part of the Trans-Mississippi Theater, the Indian Territory was the scene of numerous skirmishes and seven officially recognized battles involving both Native American units allied with the Confederate States of America and Native Americans loyal to the United States government, as well as other Union and Confederate troops. Most tribal leaders in Indian Territory aligned with the Confederacy. A total of at least 7,860 Native Americans from the Indian Territory participated in the Confederate Army, as both officers and enlisted men; most came from the Five Civilized Tribes: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Cherokee Mounted Rifles
The 1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles (also known as the 1st Arkansas Cherokee Mounted Rifles and the "Cherokee Braves") was a cavalry formation of the Confederate States Army in the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War. Formation After Cherokee Principal Chief John Ross signed a treaty of alliance with the Confederate States in October 1861, he and the Cherokee Council authorized the formation of the 1st Cherokee Mounted Riflemen, to be commanded by Colonel John Drew."General Stand Watie's Regiment (First Regiment of Cherokee Mounted Volunteers)." Accessed August 7, 2016. Most of the riflemen of the newly formed regiment were ideologically uncommitted to the goals of the Confederacy, but were loyal to Ross. Drew's regimen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
