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Independent Testing Authority
An Independent Testing Authority (ITA) is a laboratory certified by the United States–based National Association of State Election Directors (NASED) to test voting systems to the Voting System Standards (VSS) or the Voluntary Voting System Guidelines (VVSG) in the process of certifying voting systems. The Election Assistance Commission has taken over the responsibility for accrediting such laboratories and now uses the National Institute of Standards and Technology's National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program The National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP), administered by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in USA, offers accreditation for testing and calibration laboratories across various fields. NVLAP evaluates .... Under the EAC process, ITA's are now known as Voting System Testing Laboratories (VSTLs). {{US-election-stub Election technology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Association Of State Election Directors
The National Association of State Election Directors (NASED) is a U.S. association that was formed in 1989 when a group of state election directors and administrators met in Reno, Nevada. The driving issue at that time that spurred the group to organize was the concern that national networks were releasing presidential election results before all polls had closed. "The recently enacted Help America Vote Act has increased the importance for communication and coordination among state election directors", its website states. The association serves "as an exchange of best practices and ideas." ''National Association of State Election Directors'', accessed April 2008. Role in the certification of e-voting machines NASED has recently received attention for its role in the system for certifying |
Voluntary Voting System Guidelines
The Voluntary Voting System Guidelines (VVSG) are guidelines adopted by the United States Election Assistance Commission (EAC) for the certification of voting systems. The National Institute of Standards and Technology's Technical Guidelines Development Committee (TGDC) drafts the VVSG and gives them to the EAC in draft form for their adoption. History The Election Assistance Commission was created by the 2002 Help America Vote Act, itself a response to the punch card ballot and multiple ballot style issues that surrounded the 2000 presidential election. The resulting guidelines were intended to provide consistency in the integrity of voting systems. Writing in 2013, researchers at Auburn University critiqued the guidelines as needing to be paired with funding for states to participate. They argued that the more sophisticated states participated in the voluntary certification while most adapted parts of the guidelines or opted out altogether. Timeline * 1990: Federal E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Certification Of Voting Machines
Various governments require a certification of voting machines. In the United States there is only a voluntary federal certification for voting machines and each state has ultimate jurisdiction over certification, though most states currently require national certification for the voting systems. Germany In Germany the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt was responsible for certification of the voting machines for federal and European elections till 2009. Since the respective law, the ''Bundeswahlgeräteverordnung'' ("Federal Voting Machine Ordinance") is considered to be in contradiction to Germany's Constitution, this responsibility is suspended. The only machines certified so far are the Nedap ESD1 and ESD2. United States See also * Election Assistance Commission * Electronic voting * Help America Vote Act * Independent verification systems * National Institute of Standards and Technology * National Software Reference Library * Preventing Election fraud: Testing and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Institute Of Standards And Technology
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is an agency of the United States Department of Commerce whose mission is to promote American innovation and industrial competitiveness. NIST's activities are organized into Outline of physical science, physical science laboratory programs that include Nanotechnology, nanoscale science and technology, engineering, information technology, neutron research, material measurement, and physical measurement. From 1901 to 1988, the agency was named the National Bureau of Standards. History Background The Articles of Confederation, ratified by the colonies in 1781, provided: The United States in Congress assembled shall also have the sole and exclusive right and power of regulating the alloy and value of coin struck by their own authority, or by that of the respective states—fixing the standards of weights and measures throughout the United States. Article 1, section 8, of the Constitution of the United States, ratified i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program
The National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP), administered by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in USA, offers accreditation for testing and calibration laboratories across various fields. NVLAP evaluates laboratories' technical qualifications and compliance with standards like ISO/IEC 17025. The accreditation process includes application submission, an on-site assessment, proficiency testing, and addressing any identified nonconformities. NVLAP’s accreditation is recognized internationally, indicating a laboratory’s competence but not certifying its performance. NVLAP’s mission is to deliver high-quality accreditation services and promote global acceptance of accredited results. Accredited laboratories Calibration *Dimensional *Electromagnetics - DC low frequency *Electromagnetics - RF/microwave *Ionizing radiation *Mechanical *Optical radiation *Thermodynamic *Time and frequency Chemical calibration *Chemical calibration: provide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voting System Testing Laboratories
Voting is the process of choosing officials or policies by casting a ballot, a document used by people to formally express their preferences. Republics and representative democracies are governments where the population chooses representatives by voting. The procedure for identifying the winners based on votes varies depending on both the country and the political office. Political scientists call these procedures electoral systems, while mathematicians and economists call them social choice rules. The study of these rules and what makes them good or bad is the subject of a branch of welfare economics known as social choice theory. In smaller organizations, voting can occur in many different ways: formally via ballot to elect others for example within a workplace, to elect members of political associations, or to choose roles for others; or informally with a spoken agreement or a gesture like a raised hand. In larger organizations, like countries, voting is generally confine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
