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Independent Left (Italy) Politicians
The Independent Left (, GI) was a French parliamentary group in the Chamber of Deputies of France of the French Third Republic during the interwar period. It was not a political party but a technical group formed by independents and parties too small to form their own parliamentary group, including dissidents from the Communist, Socialist and Radical-Socialist parties, as well as left-wing regional parties and left-wing Catholics. It provided a home to those republican independents and small parties who supported the Cartels des Gauches and the Popular Front (France), Popular Front. As such, its exact membership changed from legislature to another. It was thus similar but distinct to the right-of-centre Independents of the Left, Independents of the Left group, which gathered up the independents and small parties who in temperament were similar to the right wing of the Radical-Socialist Party (France), Radical-Socialists and the centre-right Radical Left (France), Radical Left, but w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamber Of Deputies Of France
The Chamber of Deputies (, ) was the lower house of parliament in France at various times in the 19th and 20th centuries: * 1814–1848 during the Bourbon Restoration in France, Bourbon Restoration and the July Monarchy, the Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament, elected by census suffrage. * 1875–1940 during the French Third Republic, the Chamber of Deputies was the legislative assembly of the French Parliament, elected by two-round system with universal male suffrage. When reunited with the Senate (France), Senate in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, the French Parliament was called the National Assembly (France), National Assembly (''Assemblée nationale'') and carried out the election of the President of France, president of the French Republic. During the Bourbon Restoration Created by the Charter of 1814 and replacing the Corps législatif, which existed under the First French Empire, the Chamber of Deputies was composed of individuals electe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defunct Political Parties In France
{{Disambiguation ...
Defunct may refer to: * ''Defunct'' (video game), 2014 * Zombie process or defunct process, in Unix-like operating systems See also * * :Former entities * End-of-life product * Obsolescence Obsolescence is the process of becoming antiquated, out of date, old-fashioned, no longer in general use, or no longer useful, or the condition of being in such a state. When used in a biological sense, it means imperfect or rudimentary when comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent Left (Italy)
The Independent Left ({{langx, it, Sinistra indipendente) was an Italian parliamentary group in the Italian Senate between 1968 and 1992. Its forerunner was the ''Democrats of the Left'' group which was active between 1948 and 1953 and formed by independent leftist senators elected into the Popular Democratic Front. A group of ''Independent Democrats of the Left'' then existed from 1953 to 1963. The Independent Left was created by the Italian Communist Party with the goal to reinforce its leadership over the Italian left after the passage of the Italian Socialist Party to an alliance with the centrist Christian Democracy. The group was formed by past members of the Socialist Party, actors, judges, and many leftist Catholics who did not become full members of the Communist Party because it was seen as an atheist Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities. Less broadly, atheism is a rejection of the belief that any deities exist. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Left In France
The French Left () refers to communist, socialist, social democratic, democratic socialist, and anarchist political forces in France. The term originates from the National Assembly of 1789, where supporters of the revolution were seated on the left of the assembly. During the 1800s, left largely meant support for the republic, whereas right largely meant support for the monarchy. The left in France was represented at the beginning of the 20th century by two main political parties, namely the Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party and the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), created in 1905 as a merger of various Marxist parties. In the aftermaths of the Russian Revolution and the Spartacist uprising in Germany, the French Left divided itself in reformists and revolutionaries during the 1920 Tours Congress. Left and Right in France The distinction between left and right wings in politics derives from the seating arrangements which began during the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent Politician
An independent politician or non-affiliated politician is a politician not affiliated with any political party or Bureaucracy, bureaucratic association. There are numerous reasons why someone may stand for office as an independent. Some politicians have political views that do not align with the platforms of any political party and therefore they choose not to affiliate with them. Some independent politicians may be associated with a party, perhaps as former members of it or else have views that align with it, but choose not to stand in its name, or are unable to do so because the party in question has selected another candidate. Others may belong to or support a political party at the national level but believe they should not formally represent it (and thus be subject to its policies) at another level. In some cases, a politician may be a member of an unregistered party and therefore officially recognised as an independent. Officeholders may become independents after losing or r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Technical Group
In parliamentary politics, a technical group or mixed group is a heterogeneous group of elected officials who are of differing ideologies, comprising multiple small political parties, independent politicians, or a combination of both. They can be distinguished from more conventional parliamentary groups which have a coherent political ideology (such as all members of the group being from the same political party). Technical groups are formed for technical reasons, so that members enjoy certain rights or benefits that would otherwise remain unavailable to them outside a formally recognized parliamentary group. Ireland In Dáil Éireann (the lower house of the Irish national parliament, the Oireachtas), prior to 2016, only parliamentary groups with seven TDs or more had full speaking rights under the house's standing orders. This meant that smaller parties and independent politicians would be unable to speak as often as parties with enough deputies to form their own groups. Prior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
League Of The Young Republic
The Young Republic League (, LJR) was a French political party created in 1912 by Marc Sangnier. It was a continuation of '' Le Sillon'', Sangnier's Christian social movement which Pope Pius X (1835–1914) had intervened to close in 1910. The LJR supported personalist socialism on the model of Emmanuel Mounier's theory of personalism. The Abbé Pierre was a member of the party for a short time after leaving the MRP. Members of the LJR later joined the Union of the Socialist Left, the first movement that included both Marxists and Social Christians. See also *Marc Sangnier *Emmanuel Mounier's "Personalism Personalism is an intellectual stance that emphasizes the importance of human persons. Personalism exists in many different versions, and this makes it somewhat difficult to define as a philosophical and theological movement. Friedrich Schleie ..." References Political parties of the French Third Republic Socialist parties in France Political parties establishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Hennessy
Jean Patrick Hennessy (26 April 1874 – 4 November 1944) was a French politician. Early life Hennessy was born at Cherves-Richemont in the Charente département on 26 April, 1874. son of Maurice Hennessy and his wife Jeanne, née Foussat. His family, of Irish origin, were the proprietors of the Hennessy cognac business, now part of LVMH. Career Hennessy was elected to the French Chamber of Deputies in the French elections on 1924 for the Cartel des Gauches. In doing so, he continued the tradition begun by his great-grandfather Jacques Hennessy, an Orléanist deputy from 1824 to 1842, and his grand-uncle Auguste Hennessy, senator from 1876 to 1879. Hennessy was re-elected in the election of 1928 and served as agriculture minister from 1928 to 1930, and then as French ambassador to Switzerland. His elder brother, James Hennessy had been elected before him to Parliament as député and senator, but he chose to dedicate himself to the management of the family busi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social-National Party (France)
The Social-National Party (, PSN) was a political party in France founded in the spring of 1933 by Jean Hennessy, a former cabinet minister. Hennessy, elected deputy for Nice in the Alpes-Maritimes was rarely active in the Independent Left parliamentary group. However, Hennessy was part of The Vichy 80 in 1940 which refused to give full powers to Marshal Philippe Pétain Henri Philippe Bénoni Omer Joseph Pétain (; 24 April 1856 – 23 July 1951), better known as Marshal Pétain (, ), was a French marshal who commanded the French Army in World War I and later became the head of the Collaboration with Nazi Ger .... The Social-National Party dissolved in 1936. References {{Authority control 1933 establishments in France 1936 disestablishments in France Defunct political parties in France Left-wing parties in France Political parties of the French Third Republic Political parties established in 1933 Political parties disestablished in 1936 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Republican Union
The Socialist Republican Union (, USR) was a political party in France founded in 1935 during the late Third Republic which united the right-wing of the French Section of the Workers' International with the left-wing of the Radical republican movement. Prehistory: Socialist Republicanism The USR was founded on 3 November 1935 as a fusion of three small parties situated between the Marxist-socialist SFIO and the Radical PRRRS. It represented the consolidation into one single party of a particular political current that had been present in France since the 1890s: Socialist Republicanism. In late nineteenth-century France, formal political parties structured were virtually non-existent, except as informal parliamentary caucuses. Instead, each locality had its own socialist and/or republican club or committee, loosely grouped into federations. From 1900 these loose associations began to build a more formal structure, starting with the progressive centre-left Radical-Socialist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Third Republic
The French Third Republic (, sometimes written as ) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy France, Vichy government. The French Third Republic was a parliamentary republic. The early days of the French Third Republic were dominated by political disruption caused by the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871, which the French Third Republic continued to wage after the fall of Emperor Napoleon III in 1870. Social upheaval and the Paris Commune preceded the final defeat. The German Empire, proclaimed by the invaders in Palace of Versailles, annexed the French regions of Alsace (keeping the ) and Lorraine (the northeastern part, i.e. present-day Moselle (department), department of Moselle). The early governments of the French Third Republic considered French Third Restoration, re-establi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
