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Illarion Ivanov-Schitz
Illarion Aleksandrovich Ivanov-Schitz (; 18651937) was a Russian architect, notable for developing a unique personal style, blending the Vienna Secession school of Otto Wagner with Greek Revival features. His career peaked in 1902-1912 with several Moscow buildings including the Morozov Hospital, the Merchant Club (now the Lenkom Theatre), Moscow Savings Bank, and the public buildings in Miusskaya Square. He was one of the few architects born in the 1860s who integrated into the Soviet establishment, earning the Order of Lenin for various resort projects and for redesigning the interiors of the Grand Kremlin Palace in the 1930s. Biography Education Ivanov-Schitz graduated from the Saint Petersburg Institute of Civil Engineers, which he attended from 1883–1888, with a gold medal. After a brief tour of Europe, he relocated to Moscow, joining the firm of Max Hoppener and later working for the City of Moscow. Another visit to Europe, in 1893, exposed him to Austrian architect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhaylivka, Vinnytsia Oblast
Mykhailivka (, , ) is a village in the Vinnytsia Raion of the Vinnytsia Oblast of Ukraine. The area is 2.184 km2 and the population (2001 census) is 906 inhabitants. The village was founded in 1510. On 30 April 1831, during the November Uprising The November Uprising (1830–31) (), also known as the Polish–Russian War 1830–31 or the Cadet Revolution, was an armed rebellion in Russian Partition, the heartland of Partitions of Poland, partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire. ..., fighters under Captain Kurowski won a battle here against a Russian unit from Machnówka. The postal code is 23203, the telephone area code is 432, and the KOATUU (territorial administrative classification) code is 0520681406. References Podolia Governorate {{Vinnytsia-geo-stub Villages in Vinnytsia Raion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tverskaya Street
Tverskaya Street ( rus, Тверская улица, p=tvʲɪrˈskajə ˈulʲɪt͡sə), known between 1935 and 1990 as Gorky Street (), is the main radial road, radial street in Moscow. The street runs Northwest from the central Manezhnaya Square, Moscow, Manege Square in the direction of Saint Petersburg and terminates at the Garden Ring, giving the name to Tverskoy District. The route continues further as First Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street, Leningradsky Avenue and Leningradskoye Highway. History and architecture Middle Ages to 18th century Tourists are told that Tverskaya Street existed as early as the 12th century. Its importance for the medieval city was immense, as it connected Moscow with its superior, and later chief rival, Tver. At that time, the thoroughfare crossed the Neglinnaya River. The first stone bridge across the Neglinnaya was set up in 1595. In the 17th and 18th centuries, Tverskaya Street was renowned as the centre of Moscow's social life. The nobility con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolshevik
The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical Faction (political), faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, Second Party Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik party, formally established in 1912, seized power in Russia in the October Revolution of 1917, and was later renamed the Russian Communist Party, All-Union Communist Party, and ultimately the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Its ideology, based on Leninism, Leninist and later Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist principles, became known as Bolshevism. The origin of the RSDLP split was Lenin's support for a smaller party of professional revolutionaries, as opposed to the Menshevik desire for a broad party membership. The influence of the factions fluctuated in the years up to 1912, when the RSDLP formally split in two. The political philosophy of the Bolsheviks was based on the Leninist pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botkin Hospital
Botkin () or Botkina (feminine; Боткина) is a common Russian or Scottish surname which may refer to: * Benjamin A. Botkin (1901–1975), American folklorist and scholar *Cordelia Botkin (1854–1910), American murderer *Eugene Botkin (1865–1918), Russian court physician, father of Gleb and Tatiana *Gleb Botkin (1900–1969), novelist and founder of the ''Church of Aphrodite'', son of Eugene Botkin * Jeremiah D. Botkin (1849–1921), U.S. Representative from Kansas * Kirk Botkin (born 1971), American football player who performed in the National Football League; college football coach *Max Botkin, American screenwriter and producer *Mikhail Botkin (1839-1914), Russian artist * Sean Botkin, American pianist *Sergey Botkin Sergey Petrovich Botkin (; 5 September 1832 – 12 December 1889) was a Russian clinician, therapist, and activist, one of the founders of modern Russian medical science and education. He introduced triage, pathological anatomy, and post mort ... (1832� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shanyavsky Moscow City People's University
Shanyavsky Moscow City People's University () was a university in Moscow that was founded in 1908 with funds from the gold mining philanthropist Alfons Shanyavsky. The university was nationalized in 1918 after the Russian revolution and merged into the Russian State University for the Humanities The Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH; ), is a university in Moscow, Russia with over 25,000 students. It was created in 1991 as the result of the merger of the Moscow Urban University of the People (est. 1908) and the Moscow Sta .... The university was officially founded on October 2, 1908 after many years of bureaucratic wrangling between Lidia, the wife of deceased mining magnate A. L. Shanyavsky and the city of Moscow. The aim of the university was to provide education in all branches of knowledge to any person. The city was governed by a board of trustees including half appointed by the City Duma. In the first semester 400 students joined and by 1912 there were 360 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rationalism (architecture)
In architecture, Rationalism () is an architectural current which mostly developed from Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Italy in the 1920s and 1930s. Vitruvius had claimed in his work that architecture is a science that can be comprehended rationally. The formulation was taken up and further developed in the architectural treatises of the Renaissance. Eighteenth-century progressive art theory opposed the Baroque use of illusionism (art), illusionism with the classic beauty of truth and reason. Twentieth-century Rationalism derived less from a special, unified theoretical work than from a common belief that the most varied problems posed by the real world could be resolved by reason. In that respect, it represented a reaction to Historicism (art), Historicism and a contrast to Art Nouveau and Expressionism. The term ''Rationalism'' is commonly used to refer to the wider International Style (architecture), International Style. Enlightenment rationalism The name Rationalism is retroa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Revolution (1905)
The Russian Revolution of 1905, also known as the First Russian Revolution, was a revolution in the Russian Empire which began on 22 January 1905 and led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy under the Russian Constitution of 1906, the country's first. The revolution was characterized by mass political and social unrest including worker strikes, peasant revolts, and military mutinies directed against Tsar Nicholas II and the autocracy, who were forced to establish the State Duma legislative assembly and grant certain rights, though both were later undermined. In the years leading up to the revolution, impoverished peasants had become increasingly angered by repression from their landlords and the continuation of semi-feudal relations. Further discontent grew due to mounting Russian losses in the Russo-Japanese War, poor conditions for workers, and urban unemployment. On , known as " Bloody Sunday", a peaceful procession of workers was fired on by guards outside the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wagner
Wilhelm Richard Wagner ( ; ; 22 May 181313 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, essayist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas (or, as some of his mature works were later known, "music dramas"). Unlike most opera composers, Wagner wrote both the libretto and the music for each of his stage works. Initially establishing his reputation as a composer of works in the romantic vein of Carl Maria von Weber and Giacomo Meyerbeer, Wagner revolutionised opera through his concept of the ''Gesamtkunstwerk'' ("total work of art"), whereby he sought to synthesise the poetic, visual, musical and dramatic arts, with music subsidiary to drama. The drama was to be presented as a continuously sung narrative, without conventional operatic structures like arias and recitatives. He described this vision in a series of essays published between 1849 and 1852. Wagner realised these ideas most fully in the first half of the 16-hour, four-opera cycle ''Der Ring des N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Architecture
Ancient Greek architecture came from the Greeks, or Hellenes, whose culture flourished on the Greek mainland, the Peloponnese, the Aegean Islands, and in colonies in Anatolia and Italy for a period from about 900 BC until the 1st century AD, with the earliest remaining architectural works dating from around 600 BC. Ancient Greek architecture is best known for its temples, many of which are found throughout the region, with the Parthenon regarded, now as in ancient times, as the prime example. Most remains are very incomplete ruins, but a number survive substantially intact, mostly outside modern Greece. The second important type of building that survives all over the Hellenic world is the open-air theatre, with the earliest dating from around 525–480 BC. Other architectural forms that are still in evidence are the processional gateway ('' propylon''), the public square (''agora'') surrounded by storied colonnade (''stoa''), the town council building (''bouleuterion''), the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petrovka Street
Petrovka Street () is a street in Moscow, Russia, that runs north from Kuznetsky Most and Theatre Square (Moscow), Theatral Square up past Strastnoy Boulevard and Petrovsky Boulevard. The street takes its name from the Vysokopetrovsky Monastery, St. Peter's Monastery, situated at the top of the hill, at the intersection of the street and the Boulevard Ring. The street is a home to upscale shops, offices, and night clubs, such as the historic Petrovka Passazh and Muir & Mirrielees, TsUM. Perhaps the most famous building is the Moscow Criminal Police (Petrovka, 38). The Petrovka Theatre, built in 1780 at the intersection of Petrovka and Okhotny Ryad, has been known as the Bolshoi Theatre since 1824. The street ends just before the Garden Ring, where the Hermitage Garden is located. The nearest Moscow metro, metro station is Teatralnaya (Moscow Metro), Teatralnaya, located on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. See also *The Girl from Petrovka *Muir & Mirrielees References Str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuznetsky Most
Kuznetsky Most ( rus, Кузне́цкий Мост, p=kʊˈzʲnʲet͡skʲɪj ˈmost) is a street in central Moscow, that runs from Bolshaya Dmitrovka Street to Lubyanka Street. The name, literally ''Blacksmith's Bridge'', refers to the 18th-century bridge over the (now Subterranean river, underground) Neglinnaya River, and a nearby foundry and the settlement of its workers. The street is administered by Tverskoy District (west) and Meshchansky District (east). History Early history Until the end of 15th century, Moscow was growing eastward, into Kitai-gorod. Prince Ivan III of Russia established his arsenal (Пушечный двор, Cannon Court) in the west, beyond the Neglinnaya river. Later, he also set up a settlement of former Pskov residents, abducted from their hometown after the wars of the 1480s. Population grew slowly until the 1737 fire which razed the area. The Bridge Soon after the fire, the territory was built out. Large territories north from the street we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Art Nouveau
Art Nouveau ( ; ; ), Jugendstil and Sezessionstil in German, is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. It was often inspired by natural forms such as the sinuous curves of plants and flowers. Other characteristics of Art Nouveau were a sense of dynamism and movement, often given by asymmetry or whiplash lines, and the use of modern materials, particularly iron, glass, ceramics and later concrete, to create unusual forms and larger open spaces.Sembach, Klaus-Jürgen, ''L'Art Nouveau'' (2013), pp. 8–30 It was popular between 1890 and 1910 during the Belle Époque period, and was a reaction against the academicism, eclecticism and historicism of 19th century architecture and decorative art. One major objective of Art Nouveau was to break down the traditional distinction between fine arts (especially painting and sculpture) and applied arts. It was most widely used in interior design, graphic arts, furniture, glass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
