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Ilaniya
Ilaniya () is a moshav in northern Israel. Also known as Sejera, after the adjacent Arab village Al-Shajara, Palestine, al-Shajara, it was the first Jewish settlement in the Lower Galilee and played an important role in the Jewish settlement of the Galilee from its early years until the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. It falls under the jurisdiction of Lower Galilee Regional Council, and had a population of in . History Byzantine period An ancient burial cave near Ilaniya displays a red-painted Temple menorah, menorah on one wall, with above it, indistinct letters in Hebrew alphabet, Jewish script that remain unexamined. Modern Jewish settlements The agricultural colony of Sejera, later Ilaniya, was established in 1900-1902 on land purchased by Baron Edmond James de Rothschild which was transferred to the management of the Jewish Colonization Association (JCA/ICA) in 1899. Also in 1899, JCA bought additional land for its planned Moshava, colony. The first settlers were residents of Saf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moshava
A moshava (, plural: ''moshavot'' , ''colony'' or ''village'') was a form of agricultural Jewish settlement in the Palestine (region), region of Palestine (now Israel), established by the members of the Old Yishuv beginning in the late 1870s and during the first two waves of Jewish Zionism, Zionist immigration – the First Aliyah, First and Second Aliyah. History In a moshava, as opposed to later communal settlements like the kibbutz and the moshav (plural ''moshavim''), all the land and property are privately owned. The first moshavot were established by the members of the Old Yishuv, Jewish community already living in, and by pioneers of the arriving to, Ottoman Syria. The economy of the early moshavot was based on agriculture and resembled the grain-growing villages of eastern Europe in layout. Farms were established along both sides of a broad main street. Petah Tikva, known as the "Mother of the Moshavot" (''Em HaMoshavot''), was founded in 1878 by members of the Old ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fawzi Al-Qawuqji
Fawzi al-Qawuqji (, ; 19 January 1890 – 5 June 1977) was a Lebanese-born Arab nationalist military figure in the interwar period.The Arabs and the Holocaust: The Arab-Israeli War of Narratives, by Gilbert Achcar, (NY: Henry Holt and Co.; 2009), p. 92: "Arab nationalism's leading military figure in the interwar period ... served as a commander in all the Arab national battles of the period." He served briefly in Palestine in 1936 fighting the British Mandatory suppression of the Palestinian Revolt. A political decision by the British enabled him to flee the country in 1937. He was a colonel in the Nazi Wehrmacht during World War II, and served as the Arab Liberation Army (ALA) field commander during the 1948 Palestine War. Early life Fawzi al-Qawuqji was born in 1890 into a Turkmen family in the city of Tripoli, which was then part of the Ottoman Empire."Ruhmloses Zwischenspiel: Fawzi al-Qawuqji in Deutschland, 1941–1947", by Gerhard Höpp in Peter Heine, ed., ''Al-R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Aliyah
The First Aliyah (), also known as the agriculture Aliyah, was a major wave of Jewish immigration (''aliyah'') to History of Israel#Ottoman period , Ottoman Palestine (region) , Palestine between 1881 and 1903. Jews who migrated in this wave came mostly from Eastern Europe and from Yemen, stimulated by pogroms and violence against the Jewish communities in those areas. An estimated 25,000 Jews immigrated. Many of the European Jewish immigrants during the late 19th-early 20th century period gave up after a few months and went back to their country of origin, often suffering from hunger and disease.Joel BrinkleyAs Jerusalem Labors to Settle Soviet Jews, Native Israelis Slip Quietly Away The New York Times, 11 February 1990. Quote: "In the late 19th and early 20th century many of the European Jews who set up religious settlements in Palestine gave up after a few months and returned home, often hungry and diseased.". Accessed 4 May 2020. During the first Aliyah, agricultural settleme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Galilee Regional Council
The Lower Galilee Regional Council (, ''Mo'atza Azorit HaGalil HaTahton'') is a regional council in the Northern District of Israel. Lower Galilee Regional Council encompasses most of the settlements in the Lower Galilee with a population of 11,300 (2014), including three kibbutzim, ten moshavim and two community settlements, along with two youth villages located in its administrative territory. Kadoorie is the seat of Lower Galilee Regional Council and the council building is situated in the proximity to the Kadoorie Agricultural High School. The current Head of Lower Galilee Regional Council is Nitzan Peleg since 2019. List of settlements Lower Galilee Regional Council provides municipal services for the populations within its territory, who live in various types of communities including kibbutzim, moshavim, a moshava, community settlements and youth villages: Kibbutzim *Beit Keshet * Beit Rimon *Lavi Moshavim * Arbel * HaZor'im *Ilaniya *Kfar Hittim * Kfar Kisch * Kfar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israel Shochat
Israel Shochat (; 1886–1962) was a founder of and a key figure in Bar-Giora (organization), Bar-Giora and Hashomer, two of the precursors of the Israel Defense Forces. Biography Russia and Germany Israel Shochat was born in 1886 in Lyskovo, in the Grodno Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Belarus, a few km west of Ruzhany). As a child, he had tutors for Hebrew language, Hebrew and Russian language, Russian. He was a founder member of Poale Zion in Grodno and set up a Jewish self-defence league in 1903 after the Kishinev pogrom. He went to Germany to study agronomy but left his studies after only three months and left for Palestine (region), Palestine. Palestine In 1904 Israel Shochat and his brother, Eliezer Shochat, immigrated to Ottoman Syria (later Mandate for Palestine, Palestine). They worked as field hands in the fields and orchards of Petah Tikva. He moved to Rishon LeZion to work in the winery. He was greatly influenced by Michael Halperin, a Jewish visionary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manya Shochat
Manya Shochat (; also Mania, Wilbuszewicz/Wilbushewitz; later Shochat; 1880–1961) was a History of the Jews in Russia, Russian-Jewish politician who was a leading figure in the Zionism, Zionist movement. She was influential in the establishment of kibbutzim in Palestine in the early 1900s, which laid the groundwork for the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. Biography Manya Wilbushewitch was born in the Grodno Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Belarus) to wealthy Jewish parents and grew up on the family estate near Łosośna. She was a descent of Comte Vibois, an officer in Napoleon's army who Conversion to Judaism, converted to Judaism after marrying a Jewish woman.Shabtai Teveth, Teveth, Shabtai (1987) ''Ben-Gurion. The Burning Ground. 1886-1948.'' Houghton Mifflin. . p.56 One of her brothers, Isaac, studied agriculture in Russia. He was expelled for slapping a professor who, in the course of a lecture, stated that the Jews were sucking the blood of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agricultural Union
The Agricultural Union (, ''HaIhud HaHakla'i'') is a settlement movement (Israel), settlement movement that supports agricultural settlements in Israel, which includes several moshavim and community settlement (Israel), community settlements. It was established in the early 1960s as a result of the merger of the Agricultural Council of Cooperative Villages with the Moshavim Organization of HaOved HaTzioni. The origins of the settlement movement trace back to the immigrants of the fifth Aliyah in the early 1930s. In 1978 a Youth movements and youth organizations in Israel, youth movement by the same name was established, which is one of the twelve youth movements recognized in Israel. The current secretary-general of the settlement movement is Dudu Kochman and the secretary-general of the youth movement is Neta Sisal. Member communities *Avtalion *Batzra *Beit Yanai *Beka'ot *Beitan Aharon *Bnei Zion *Dekel *Ein Tamar *Eshbal *Gan HaShomron *Ganot *Givat Shapira *Hadar Am *Hamra, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Shajara, Palestine
Al-Shajara () was a Palestinian Arab village depopulated by Israel during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War when its residents were forcefully evacuated and became refugees. It was located 14 kilometers west of Tiberias on the main highway to Nazareth near the villages of Lubya and Hittin. The village was very close to the city of Nazareth, about 5 kilometers away. The village was the fourth largest by area in Tiberias district. Its economy was based on agriculture. In 1944/45 it had 2,102 dunams (505 acres) planted with cereals and 544 dunams (136 acres) either irrigated or fig and olive orchards. Al-Shajara was the home village of the cartoonist Naji al-Ali. History Ceramics from the Byzantine era have been found here, while the Crusaders referred to al-Shajara by "Seiera".Khalidi, 1992, p.540 The Arabic name of the village ''ash-Shajara'' translates as "the Tree". Ottoman era In 1596, al-Shajara was part of the Ottoman Empire's ''nahiya'' (subdistrict) of Tiberias under the ''liwa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kibbutz Movement
The Kibbutz Movement (, ''HaTnu'a HaKibbutzit'') is the largest settlement movement for kibbutzim in Israel. It was formed in 1999 by a partial merger of the United Kibbutz Movement and Kibbutz Artzi and is made up of approximately 230 kibbutzim. It does not include the Religious Kibbutz Movement with its 16 kibbutzim or the two Poalei Agudat Yisrael-affiliated religious kibbutzim. United Kibbutz Movement The United Kibbutz Movement (, ''HaTnu'a HaKibbutzit HaMeuhedet''), also known by its Hebrew acronym ''TaKaM'' (), was founded in 1981 and was largely aligned with the Labor Party and its predecessors. It had been formed by a merger itself, when ''HaKibbutz HaMeuhad'' and ''Ihud HaKvutzot VeHaKibbutzim'' came together. Consequently, their respective youth movements merged into the Habonim Dror youth movement. In 1999 a third movement, Artzi, joined the United Kibbutz Movement, although it maintains a certain autonomy, as does its Hashomer Hatzair youth movement. History HaK ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Aliyah
The Second Aliyah () was an aliyah (Jewish immigration to the Land of Israel) that took place between 1904 and 1914, during which approximately 35,000 Jews, mostly from Russia, with some from Yemen, immigrated into Ottoman Palestine. The Second Aliyah was a small part of the greater emigration of Jews from Eastern Europe which lasted from the 1870s until the 1920s. During this time, over two million Jews emigrated from Eastern Europe.Alroey, G. (2011). Information, decision, and migration: Jewish emigration from Eastern Europe in the early twentieth century. ''Immigrants & Minorities'', ''29''(01), 33-63. The majority of these emigrants settled in the United States where there was the greatest economic opportunity. Others settled in South America, Australia, and South Africa. There are multiple reasons for this mass emigration from Eastern Europe, including the growing antisemitism in Tzarist Russia and the Pale of Settlement. The manifestations of this antisemitism were var ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haim Watzman
Haim Watzman (; born 1956, Cleveland, Ohio), is an American-born, Jerusalem-based writer, journalist, and translator. Biography Watzman was born in Cleveland, Ohio and grew up in Silver Spring, Maryland. After receiving a B.A. from Duke University, Watzman made aliyah to Israel, where he has lived since 1978 and worked as a freelance translator and journalist. He lives in Jerusalem with his wife, Ilana, and four children. Literary career Watzman is the author of ''Company C: An American’s Life as a Citizen-Soldier in Israel'' (Farrar, Straus & Giroux 2005), a memoir centered on his service in a reserve infantry unit in the Israel Defense Forces and ''A Crack in the Earth: A Journey Up Israel’s Rift Valley'' (Farrar, Straus & Giroux 2007), as well as ''Necessary Stories'' (West 26th Street Press 2017). Watzman is known for his English translations of recent works by Hebrew-language authors. His translations include Tom Segev’s ''The Seventh Million'', ''Elvis in Jerusalem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
