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Il Manifesto
(; English: "the manifesto") is an Italian daily newspaper published in Rome, Italy. While calling itself " communist" and broadly left-wing, it is not connected to any political party A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular area's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology, .... History and profile was founded as a monthly review in 1969. Its founders were a collection of left-wing journalists who engaged in the wave of critical thought and activity on the Italian left in that period. They included Luigi Pintor, , Lucio Magri, and Rossana Rossanda. In April 1971, it became a daily. It participated as a separate political party in the 1972 election, but won only 0,67% of the vote. In July 1974 this party merged with the Proletarian Unity Party, forming the "PdUP per il Comunismo". This resulted in a period of inter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Benedict XVI
Pope BenedictXVI (born Joseph Alois Ratzinger; 16 April 1927 – 31 December 2022) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 19 April 2005 until his resignation on 28 February 2013. Benedict's election as pope occurred in the 2005 papal conclave that followed the death of Pope John Paul II. Upon his resignation, Benedict chose to be known as " pope emeritus", a title he held until his death on 31 December 2022. Ordained as a priest in 1951 in his native Bavaria, Ratzinger embarked on an academic career and established himself as a highly regarded theologian by the late 1950s. He was appointed a full professor in 1958 when aged 31. After a long career as a professor of theology at several German universities, he was appointed Archbishop of Munich and Freising and created a cardinal by Pope Paul VI in 1977, an unusual promotion for someone with little pastoral experience. In 1981, he was appointed Prefect of the Congregation for t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Refoundation Party
The Communist Refoundation Party (, PRC) is a Communism, communist List of political parties in Italy, political party in Italy that emerged from a split of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) in 1991. The party's secretary is Maurizio Acerbo, who replaced Paolo Ferrero in 2017. Armando Cossutta was the party's founder, while Fausto Bertinotti its longest-serving leader (1994–2008). The latter transformed the PRC from a traditional communist party into a collection of radical social movements. The PRC is a member of the Party of the European Left (PEL), of which Bertinotti was the inaugural president in 2004. The PRC has not been represented in the Italian Parliament since 2008, but had a member of the European Parliament, member of the European Parliament, Eleonora Forenza, who sat with the European United Left–Nordic Green Left (GUE/NGL) group in 2014–2019. History Foundation and early years In February 1991, when the Italian Communist Party (PCI) was transformed into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rescue Of Giuliana Sgrena
On 4 March 2005, the Italian military secret service, SISMI, conducted a covert operation to rescue Italian journalist Giuliana Sgrena from kidnappers in Iraq. After the successful retrieval of Sgrena, the car with her and two secret agents came under friendly fire by US Army troops along the Baghdad Route Irish, airport road; secret agent Nicola Calipari was killed by US Army Specialist Mario Lozano. The incident created tension between the two countries, and arguably increased the Italian public's hostility towards the United States. Background Giuliana Sgrena had been kidnapped a month earlier, on 4 February, while working as a non-embedded journalist in Iraq for the Italian communist newspaper ''Il Manifesto''. Some have argued she was overconfident because she thought kidnappers would only target pro-American journalists, but others counter she was fully aware of the risks. Rescue and incident Sgrena's rescue Sgrena was rescued in circumstances yet unclear by Italia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraqi Insurgency (2003–2011)
The Iraqi insurgency lasted from 2003 until 2011, beginning shortly after the 2003 2003 invasion of Iraq, American invasion deposed longtime leader Saddam Hussein, and lasting until the end of the Iraq War and U.S. withdrawal in 2011. It was followed by a Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013), renewed insurgency. The initial outbreak of violence (the 2003–2006 phase of the Iraqi insurgency, 2003–2006 phase) was triggered by the fall and preceded the establishment of the new Federal government of Iraq, Iraqi government by the Multi-National Force – Iraq (MNF–I), which was led by the United States. From around 2004 to May 2007, Iraqi insurgents largely focused their attacks on MNF-I troops, but later shifted to targeting the post-invasion Iraqi security forces as well. The insurgents were composed of a Private militias in Iraq, diverse mix of private militias, Saddamism, pro-Saddam Ba'athism, Ba'athists, local Iraqis opposed to the MNF–I and/or the post-Saddam Iraqi government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuliana Sgrena
Giuliana Sgrena (born 20 December 1948) is an Italian journalist who works for the Italian communist newspaper ''il manifesto'' and the German weekly ''Die Zeit''. While working in Iraq, she was kidnapped by insurgents on 4 February 2005. After her release on 4 March, Sgrena and the two Italian intelligence officers who had helped secure her release came under fire from U.S. forces while on their way to Baghdad International Airport. Nicola Calipari, a major general in the Italian Military Intelligence and Security Service (SISMI) was killed, and Sgrena and Andrea Carpani, the other Italian officer taking her to the airport, were wounded in the incident. The event caused an international outcry. Background and career Giuliana Sgrena was born and raised in Masera, Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, a town of fewer than 1,000 people that had seen Ossola, intense fighting during World War II between Italian Italian resistance movement, partisans and German soldiers. Her father, Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terza Posizione
Terza Posizione () was a short-lived neo-fascist political movement founded in Rome in 1978. The group published a journal, also called ''Terza Posizione'' which promoted Third Position politics. It was formed by teenagers and students from a previous group called Lotta Studentesca (). See also * Years of Lead (Italy) * Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari The Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari (), abbreviated NAR, was an Italian neofascist, neo-fascist armed militant organization active during the Years of Lead (Italy), Years of Lead from 1977 to November 1981. It committed over 100 murders in four year ... References Further reading * * * {{authority control 1978 establishments in Italy Factions of the Years of Lead (Italy) Modern history of Italy Neo-fascist organisations in Italy Neo-fascist terrorism Third Position Syncretic political movements ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari
The Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari (), abbreviated NAR, was an Italian neofascist, neo-fascist armed militant organization active during the Years of Lead (Italy), Years of Lead from 1977 to November 1981. It committed over 100 murders in four years, and had planned to assassinate the politicians Francesco Cossiga, Gianfranco Fini and Adolfo Urso. The group maintained close links with the ''Banda della Magliana'', a Rome-based criminal organization, which provided such logistical support as lodging, false papers, weapons, and bombs to the NAR. In November 1981, it was discovered that the NAR hid weapons in the basements of the Health Ministry. The first trial against them sentenced 53 people in May 1985 on charges of terrorist activities. Ideology The late seventies were a time of political violence in the form of bombings, assassinations, and street warfare between rival militant factions. Young neo-fascists saw the state-sanctioned far-right political party Italian Social Movement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neo-fascism
Neo-fascism is a post-World War II far-right ideology which includes significant elements of fascism. Neo-fascism usually includes ultranationalism, ultraconservatism, racial supremacy, right-wing populism, authoritarianism, nativism, xenophobia, and anti-immigration sentiment, as well as opposition to social democracy, parliamentarianism, Marxism, communism, socialism, liberalism, neoliberalism, and liberal democracy. Allegations that a group is neo-fascist may be hotly contested, especially when the term is used as a political epithet. Some post-World War II regimes have been described as neo-fascist due to their authoritarian nature, and sometimes due to their fascination with and sympathy towards fascist ideology and rituals. History According to Jean-Yves Camus and Nicolas Lebourg, the neo-fascist ideology emerged in 1942, after Nazi Germany invaded the USSR and decided to reorient its propaganda on a Europeanist ground. Europe then became both the myt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Editor-in-chief
An editor-in-chief (EIC), also known as lead editor or chief editor, is a publication's editorial leader who has final responsibility for its operations and policies. The editor-in-chief heads all departments of the organization and is held accountable for delegating tasks to staff members and managing them. The term is often used at newspapers, magazines, yearbooks, and television news programs. The editor-in-chief is commonly the link between the publisher or proprietor and the editorial staff. Responsibilities Typical responsibilities of editors-in-chief include: * Ensuring that content is journalistically objective * Fact-checking, spelling, grammar, writing style, page design and photos * Rejecting writing that appears to be plagiarized, ghostwritten, published elsewhere, or of little interest to readers * Evaluating and editing content * Contributing editorial pieces * Motivating and developing editorial staff * Ensuring the final draft is complete * Handling reader compl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vauro Senesi
Vauro Senesi (born 24 March 1955) is an Italian journalist and Satire, satirical cartoonist. Vauro was born in Pistoia. He was Pino Zac's apprentice, and, together with Giancarlo Fusco, Cinzia Leone and others, in September 1978 they founded ''Il Male'', a satirical weekly newspaper. It was published until March 1982. His cartoons have been published in magazines such as ''Satyricon'', ''Linus (magazine), Linus'', ''L'Unità, Cuore'', ''I quaderni del Sale'', ''L'Echo des Savanes'' and ''El Jueves''. He is director of the satirical e-weekly ''Boxer'', collaborator of ''Il Corriere della Sera'' and Smemoranda. In 1996, he won the Political Satirist Prize of Forte dei Marmi. Vauro received international attention in 2009 when he was dismissed from RAI over controversial drawings he had shown during a broadcast of the series ''Annozero''. In June 2011 Vauro Senesi announced his intention to sail with the Free Gaza Flotilla setting out to defy the Israeli blockade of the Gaza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umberto Eco
Umberto Eco (5 January 1932 – 19 February 2016) was an Italian Medieval studies, medievalist, philosopher, Semiotics, semiotician, novelist, cultural critic, and political and social commentator. In English, he is best known for his popular 1980 novel ''The Name of the Rose'', a historical mystery combining semiotics in fiction with biblical analysis, medieval studies and literary theory, as well as ''Foucault's Pendulum'', his 1988 novel which touches on similar themes. Eco wrote prolifically throughout his life, with his output including children's books, translations from French and English, in addition to a twice-monthly newspaper column "La Bustina di Minerva" (Minerva's Matchbook) in the magazine ''L'Espresso'' beginning in 1985, with his last column (a critical appraisal of the Romanticism, Romantic paintings of Francesco Hayez) appearing 27 January 2016. At the time of his death, he was an Emeritus professor at the University of Bologna, where he taught for much of hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erri De Luca
Enrico "Erri" De Luca (born 20 May 1950, Naples) is an Italian novelist, translator and poet. He has been recognized by critic Giorgio De Rienzo of ''Corriere della Sera'' as "the writer of the decade". He is also known for his opposition to the Lyon-Turin high speed train line, and is being sued for having called for its sabotage. On 19 October 2015, De Luca was cleared of inciting criminal damage. He reacted to the not-guilty verdict declaring that "An injustice has been avoided." Biography Erri De Luca's original first name was Enrico ("Henry"). is an Italian version of his uncle's name, "Harry". Upon completing high school in 1968, Erri De Luca joined the radical left-wing movement . After the organization's disbanding, he left his political involvement. He worked as a blue-collar worker at the Fiat factory in Turin and the Catania airport. He was also a truck driver and a mason, working at job sites in Italy, France, and Africa. He rode relief convoys in Yugoslavia during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
