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Igorots
The indigenous peoples of the Cordillera in northern Luzon, Philippines, often referred to by the exonym Igorot people, or more recently, as the Cordilleran peoples, are an ethnic group composed of nine main ethnolinguistic groups whose domains are in the Cordillera Central (Luzon), Cordillera Mountain Range, altogether numbering about 1.8 million people in the early 21st century. Their languages belong to the Northern Luzon languages, northern Luzon subgroup of Philippine languages, which in turn belongs to the Austronesian languages, Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian languages, Malayo-Polynesian) family. A 2014 genetic study has found that the Kankanaey people, Kan-Kankanaey (an Igorot people, Igorot subgroup from the Mountain Province of the Northern Philippines), and by extension other indigenous Cordillera groups, descend almost entirely from the ancient Austronesian expansion originating in Taiwan around 3000-2000 BCE Etymology From the root word ''golot'', which means "m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilocos Region
The Ilocos Region (; ; ), designated as Region I, is an Region of the Philippines, administrative region of the Philippines. Located in the northwestern section of Luzon, it is bordered by the Cordillera Administrative Region to the east, the Cagayan Valley to the northeast and southeast, Central Luzon to the south, and the West Philippine Sea to the west. The region comprises four provinces: Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, and Pangasinan, along with one independent city, Dagupan, Dagupan City. The regional center is the San Fernando, La Union, City of San Fernando in La Union, which serves as the administrative hub of the region. The largest settlement in terms of population is San Carlos, Pangasinan, San Carlos City in Pangasinan. The 2020 Philippine Statistics Authority census reported that the ethnolinguistic group composition of the region is predominantly made up of Ilocano language, Ilocanos (58.3%), followed by Pangasinan language, Pangasinans (29.7%), Tagalog langua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordillera Central (Luzon)
The Cordillera Central or Cordillera Range is a massive mountain range long north–south and east-west situated in the north-central part of the island of Luzon, in the Philippines. The mountain range encompasses all provinces of the Cordillera Administrative Region (Abra (province), Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga (province), Kalinga and Mountain Province), as well as portions of eastern Ilocos Norte, eastern Ilocos Sur, eastern La Union, northeastern Pangasinan, western Nueva Vizcaya, and western Cagayan. To the north, the mountain range terminates at the northern shores of Luzon along the Babuyan Channel in Ilocos Norte and Cagayan provinces. At its southeastern part, the Central Cordillera is linked to the Sierra Madre (Philippines), Sierra Madre Mountains, the longest mountain range in the country, through the Caraballo Mountains in Nueva Vizcaya province. During History of the Philippines (1521–1898), Spanish colonial period, the whole range was called ''Nueva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordillera Administrative Region
The Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR; ; ), also known as the Cordillera Region and Cordillera (), is an Regions of the Philippines, administrative region in the Philippines, situated within the island of Luzon. It is the only Landlocked country, landlocked region in the archipelago, bordered by the Ilocos Region to the west and southwest, and by the Cagayan Valley, Cagayan Valley Region to the north, east, and southeast. The region comprises six Provinces of the Philippines, provinces: Abra (Philippines), Abra, Apayao Province, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga Province, Kalinga and Mountain Province. The regional center is the highly urbanized city of Baguio, which is the largest city in the region. The region was officially created on July 15, 1987, covering most of the Cordillera Central (Luzon), Cordillera Mountain Range of Luzon that is home to numerous Ethnic groups in the Philippines, ethnic groups. Nueva Vizcaya province has a majority Igorot people, Igorot populat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bontoc Language
Bontoc (Bontok) is a macrolanguage native to the indigenous Bontoc people of the Mountain Province, in the northern part of the Philippines. Specific languages ''Ethnologue'' reports the following locations for each of the five Bontok languages. Speaker populations from the 2007 census, as quoted in ''Ethnologue''. Phonology * The archiphoneme has , , and as its allophones. The allophone occurs word-initially, adjacent to , as the second member of a consonant cluster consisting of a coronal consonant and , and as the second member of any consonant cluster preceded by . occurs in free variation with word-initially, but otherwise occurs in complementary distribution with it. occurs in free variation with and word-initially, and with elsewhere. These /r/ sounds are even applied to loanwords from Ilokano and Tagalog, and Spanish loanwords from the 2 languages. * The plosives , , , and have, respectively, (representing an interdental consonant), , , and as their syll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kankanaey People
The Kankanaey people are an Indigenous peoples of the Philippines, indigenous peoples of northern Luzon, Philippines. They are part of the collective group of indigenous peoples in the Cordillera Central (Luzon), Cordillera known as the Igorot people. Demographics The Kankanaey live in western Mountain Province, northern Benguet, northeastern La Union and southeastern Ilocos Sur. The Kankanaey of the western Mountain Province are sometimes identified as Applai or Aplai. Because of the differences in culture from the Kankanaey of Benguet, the "Applai" have been accredited as a separate tribe. Few Kankanaey can be found in some areas in of the Philippines. They form a minority in the Visayas, especially in Cebu, Iloilo and Negros (province), Negros provinces. They can also be found as a minority in Mindanao, particularly in the provinces of Sultan Kudarat in Soccsksargen and Lanao del Norte in Northern Mindanao. The 2010 Philippines census counted 362,833 self-identifying Kanka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malayo-Polynesian Languages
The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages, with approximately 385.5 million speakers. The Malayo-Polynesian languages are spoken by the Austronesian peoples outside of Taiwan, in the island nations of Southeast Asia (Indonesia and the Philippine Archipelago) and the Pacific Ocean, with a smaller number in continental Asia in the areas near the Malay Peninsula, with Cambodia, Vietnam and the Chinese island Hainan as the northwest geographic outlier. Malagasy, spoken on the island of Madagascar off the eastern coast of Africa in the Indian Ocean, is the furthest western outlier. Many languages of the Malayo-Polynesian family in insular Southeast Asia show the strong influence of Sanskrit, Tamil and Arabic, as the western part of the region has been a stronghold of Hinduism, Buddhism, and, later, Islam Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austronesian Languages
The Austronesian languages ( ) are a language family widely spoken throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, parts of Mainland Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the islands of the Pacific Ocean and Taiwan (by Taiwanese indigenous peoples). They are spoken by about 328 million people (4.4% of the world population). This makes it the fifth-largest language family by number of speakers. Major Austronesian languages include Malay (around 250–270 million in Indonesia alone in its own literary standard named " Indonesian"), Javanese, Sundanese, Tagalog (standardized as Filipino), Malagasy and Cebuano. According to some estimates, the family contains 1,257 languages, which is the second most of any language family. In 1706, the Dutch scholar Adriaan Reland first observed similarities between the languages spoken in the Malay Archipelago and by peoples on islands in the Pacific Ocean. In the 19th century, researchers (e.g. Wilhelm von Humboldt, Herman van der Tuuk) started to apply the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippine Languages
The Philippine languages or Philippinic are a proposed group by R. David Paul Zorc (1986) and Robert Blust (1991; 2005; 2019) that include all the languages of the Philippines and northern Sulawesi, Indonesia—except Sama–Bajaw (languages of the "Sea Gypsies") and the Molbog language (disputed)—and form a subfamily of Austronesian languages. Although the Philippines is near the center of Austronesian expansion from Taiwan, there is relatively little linguistic diversity among the approximately 150 Philippine languages, suggesting that earlier diversity has been erased by the spread of the ancestor of the modern Philippine languages. Classification History and criticism One of the first explicit classifications of a "Philippine" grouping based on genetic affiliation was in 1906 by Frank Blake, who placed them as a subdivision of the "Malay branch" within Malayo-Polynesian (MP), which at that time was considered as a family. Blake however encompasses every language ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Luzon Languages
The Northern Luzon languages (also known as the Cordilleran languages) are one of the few established large groups within Philippine languages. These are mostly located in and around the Cordillera Central of northern Luzon in the Philippines. Among its major languages are Ilocano, Pangasinan and Ibanag. Internal classification Lawrence Reid (2018) divides the over thirty Northern Luzon languages into five branches: the Northeastern Luzon, Cagayan Valley and Meso-Cordilleran subgroups, further Ilokano and Arta as group-level isolate branches.Reid, Lawrence A. 2018.Modeling the linguistic situation in the Philippines" In ''Let's Talk about Trees'', ed. by Ritsuko Kikusawa and Lawrence A. Reid. Osaka: Senri Ethnological Studies, Minpaku. † indicates that the language is extinct. *Northern Luzon **'' Ilocano'' **'' Arta'' **'' Dicamay Agta'' † (unclassified) **Cagayan Valley ***'' Isnag'' *** Ibanagic ****'' Atta'' ****'' Ibanag'' ****'' Itawis'' ****'' Yogad'' *** Gad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethnolinguistic Group
An ethnolinguistic group (or ethno-linguistic group) is a group that is unified by both a common ethnicity and language. Most ethnic groups share a first language. However, "ethnolinguistic" is often used to emphasise that language is a major basis for the ethnic group, especially in regard to its neighbours. A central concept in the linguistic study of ethnolinguistic groups is ethnolinguistic vitality, the ability of the group's language and ethnicity to sustain themselves. An ethnolinguistic group that lacks such vitality is unlikely to survive as a distinct entity. Factors that influence the ethnolinguistic vitality are demographics, institutional control and status (including language planning factors). See also *First language *Ethnolinguistics *Ethnoreligious group *Nation state *Race (human classification) *Regionalism (politics) References Further reading *Bourhis, Richard Y. "Language in ethnic interaction: A social psychological approach." Language and ethnic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethnic Group
An ethnicity or ethnic group is a group of people with shared attributes, which they collectively believe to have, and long-term endogamy. Ethnicities share attributes like language, culture, common sets of ancestry, traditions, society, religion, history or social treatment. Ethnicities may also have a narrow or broad spectrum of genetic ancestry, with some groups having mixed genetic ancestry. ''Ethnicity'' is sometimes used interchangeably with ''nation'', particularly in cases of ethnic nationalism. It is also used interchangeably with '' race'' although not all ethnicities identify as racial groups. By way of assimilation, acculturation, amalgamation, language shift, intermarriage, adoption and religious conversion, individuals or groups may over time shift from one ethnic group to another. Ethnic groups may be divided into subgroups or tribes, which over time may become separate ethnic groups themselves due to endogamy or physical isolation from the parent gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
