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Idiosoma
''Idiosoma'' is a genus of Australian armoured trapdoor spiders that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. Originally placed with the Ctenizidae, it was moved to the armoured trapdoor spiders in 1985. The name is derived from the Greek ('' idios''), meaning "individual, unique", and ('' soma''), meaning "body", referring to the distinctive structure of the abdomen. Description The skin of their abdomen is hardened, with a flattened end and deep grooves running along the sides. The thickened skin helps to reduce water loss in its dry habitat. It also serves as a kind of plug to shield itself from predators. This phenomenon is called phragmosis and occurs in perfection in the spider genus '' Cyclocosmia'' ( Ctenizidae). However, some parasitic wasps have evolved paper-thin abdomens and long, slender ovipositors and lay their eggs on the softer skin at the front of the spider's abdomen.Australian Museum Online Females of the black rugose trapdoor spider (''Idiosoma ni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiosoma Castellum
''Idiosoma castellum'' is a trapdoor spider in the Arbanitinae subfamily of the Idiopidae family. It was first described as ''Aganippe castellum'' by Barbara York Main in 1986.Main, B.Y. 1986. Trapdoors of Australian mygalomorph spiders: Protection or predation? Actas X Congreso Internacional de Aracnologia 1: 95-102 01/ref> In 2017 Michael Rix and others transferred it to the genus, ''Idiosoma'', to give the name ''Idiosoma castellum'', (the name accepted by the Australian Faunal Directory, and the World Spider Catalog). It is found only in the south-west of Western Australia. References castellum A ''castellum'' in Latin is usually: * a small Roman fortlet or tower,C. Julius Caesar, Gallic War; 2,30 a diminutive of (' military camp'), often used as a watchtower or signal station like on Hadrian's Wall. It is distinct from a , which ... Spiders of Australia Arthropods of Western Australia Spiders described in 1986 Taxa named by Barbara York Main {{Id ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiosoma Sigillatum
''Idiosoma sigillatum'' is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Idiopidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1870 by British arachnologist Octavius Pickard-Cambridge. Distribution and habitat The species occurs in south-west Western Australia, in the Swan Coastal Plain and Jarrah Forest bioregions, including the Darling Scarp and Rottnest Island, in open forest habitats. The type locality is Swan River (Perth). Behaviour The spiders are fossorial, terrestrial predators. They construct burrows with trapdoors in plant litter on sandy-gravel Gravel () is a loose aggregation of rock fragments. Gravel occurs naturally on Earth as a result of sedimentation, sedimentary and erosion, erosive geological processes; it is also produced in large quantities commercially as crushed stone. Gr ... soils, with a fan of twig-lines around the entrance. References sigillatum Spiders of Australia Endemic fauna of Australia Arthropods of Western Australia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiosoma Arenaceum
''Idiosoma arenaceum'' is a trapdoor spider in the Arbanitinae subfamily of the Idiopidae family. It was first described in 2018 by Michael G. Rix, Mark Harvey and others. It is found in the Geraldton sandplains of Western Australia Western Australia (WA) is the westernmost state of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Aust .... References arenaceum Spiders of Australia Arthropods of Western Australia Spiders described in 2018 Taxa named by Michael G. Rix Taxa named by Mark Harvey {{Idiopidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiosoma Nigrum
''Idiosoma nigrum'', also called black rugose trapdoor spider, occurs only in south-western Western Australia, in dry woodlands east of the Darling Scarp and north to Moore River (Western Australia), Moore River. Females can reach a length of about 30mm, males about 18mm. ''Idiosoma nigrum'' digs burrows up to 32 cm deep. Name The species name is derived from Latin ''Niger'' "black". References External links * Idiosoma, nigrum Spiders of Australia Arthropods of Western Australia Spiders described in 1952 Taxa named by Barbara York Main {{Idiopidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiosoma Planites
''Idiosoma planites'' is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Idiopidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1985 by Australian arachnologist Richard Faulder. Distribution and habitat The species occurs in New South Wales in the Riverina, Darling Riverine Plains, Cobar Peneplain and New England Tablelands bioregions. The type locality is Girilambone Girilambone is a small village in western New South Wales, Australia. It is located north of Nyngan and 610 km north-west of Sydney. The name is also applied to the surrounding area, for postal and statistical purposes. At the 2016 census, the .... References planites Spiders of Australia Endemic fauna of Australia Arthropods of New South Wales Spiders described in 1985 Taxa named by Richard Faulder {{Idiopidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiosoma Berlandi
''Idiosoma berlandi'' is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Idiopidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1914 by Australian arachnologist William Joseph Rainbow. The specific epithet ''berlandi'' honours the author's “correspondents and co-workers M. and Mme. Berland”. Distribution and habitat The species occurs in northern New South Wales in the southern Brigalow Belt. The type locality is Narrabri. Behaviour The spiders are fossorial, terrestrial predators Predation is a biological interaction in which one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey. It is one of a family of common feeding behaviours that includes parasitism and micropredation (which usually do not kill .... References berlandi Spiders of Australia Endemic fauna of Australia Arthropods of New South Wales Spiders described in 1914 Taxa named by William Joseph Rainbow {{Idiopidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiopidae
Idiopidae, also known as armored or spiny trapdoor spiders, is a family of mygalomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon Eugène Louis Simon (; 30 April 1848 – 17 November 1924) was a French naturalist who worked particularly on insects and spiders, but also on birds and plants. He is by far the most prolific spider Taxonomy (biology), taxonomist in history, ... in 1889. Behaviour Idiopidae build burrows, and some species close these with a trapdoor lined with silk. ''Prothemenops siamensis'' from Thailand, which is about 2 cm long, builds its retreat in a streamside vertical earth bank in lower montane rainforest. Each burrow has two or three entrances that lead into a main tube. The trapdoor is a form of safety and ways of ambushing prey. Idiopidae adapt and live in many various environments as seen by the map on the far right, which leads to the various species to co-exist with other Idiopidae and other spiders outside of the family. Idiopidae are not po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbara York Main
Barbara Anne York Main (27 January 1929 – 14 May 2019) Ann Jones (2019"Barbara York Main, Australia's spider woman and Wheatbelt advocate, author and poet dies"''Off Track'', Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Published May 23, 2019. Accessed May 23, 2019. was an Australian arachnologist and adjunct professor at the University of Western Australia. The author of four books and over 90 research papers, Main is recognised for her prolific work in establishing taxonomy (biology), taxonomy for arachnids, personally describing 34 species and seven new genera. The BBC and Australian Broadcasting Corporation, ABC produced a film about her work, ''Lady of the Spiders'', in 1981."Lady of the Spiders (1981)" British Film Institute.Hodgkin, Ernest P. (1995) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller islands. It has a total area of , making it the list of countries and dependencies by area, sixth-largest country in the world and the largest in Oceania. Australia is the world's flattest and driest inhabited continent. It is a megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and Climate of Australia, climates including deserts of Australia, deserts in the Outback, interior and forests of Australia, tropical rainforests along the Eastern states of Australia, coast. The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south-east Asia 50,000 to 65,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Period, last glacial period. By the time of British settlement, Aboriginal Australians spoke 250 distinct l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moth
Moths are a group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not Butterfly, butterflies. They were previously classified as suborder Heterocera, but the group is Paraphyly, paraphyletic with respect to butterflies (suborder Rhopalocera) and neither subordinate taxon is used in modern classifications. Moths make up the vast majority of the order. There are approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of which have yet to be described. Most species of moth are nocturnal, although there are also crepuscular and Diurnal animal, diurnal species. Differences between butterflies and moths While the Butterfly, butterflies form a monophyly, monophyletic group, the moths, comprising the rest of the Lepidoptera, do not. Many attempts have been made to group the superfamilies of the Lepidoptera into natural groups, most of which fail because one of the two groups is not monophyletic: Microlepidoptera and Macrolepidoptera, Heterocera and Rhopalocera, Jugatae a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octavius Pickard-Cambridge
Octavius Pickard-Cambridge FRS (3 November 1828 – 9 March 1917) was an English clergyman and zoologist. He was a keen arachnologist who described and named more than 900 species of spider from a large collection that he made with contributions sent to him by correspondents from around the world. Life and work Pickard-Cambridge was born in Bloxworth rectory, Dorset, the fifth son of Rev. George Pickard, rector and squire of Bloxworth: the family changed its name to Pickard-Cambridge in 1848 after receiving the property left behind by a relative, Charles Owen Cambridge, of Whitminster House in Gloucestershire. Octavius was tutored at home by the poet William Barnes, after failing to receive admission to Winchester College. He also learned to play the violin from Sidney Smith. He then studied law in London before theology at the University of Durham. He was very active and made many friends in this period. He served as steward at steeplechases and presided over the co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology (biology), morphology, behaviour, or ecological niche. In addition, palaeontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. About 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a binomial nomenclature, two-part name, a "binomen". The first part of a binomen is the name of a genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name (zoology), specific name or the specific ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
