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Ichthyocladius
''Ichthyocladius'' is a genus of Chironomidae, chironomid midges that belongs to the subfamily Orthocladiinae described by Fittkau based on one species, ''Ichthyocladius neotropicus'', from Peru, though some other species were recognised, the lack of knowledge did not allow their description. Two additional species from Brazil were described by Mendes, Andersen & Ole A. Sæther, Sæther (''Ichthyocladius lilianae'' and ''Ichthyocladius kronichthicola''). The larvae live on fish, generally attached to their fins, of three different catfish families, Astroblepidae, Loricariidae and Trichomycteridae. The diet of the larvae is yet controversial, some say they feed on fish mucus while some say they are feeding on other things and use the fish only for locomotion. References *Mendes, HF, Andersen T & Sæther, OA (2004) New species of ''Ichthyocladius'' Fittkau, a member of the Corynoneura-group (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae) with a review of the genus. Stud. Neotrop. Fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chironomidae
Chironomidae , commonly known as non-biting midges or chironomids , are a family of Nematoceran flies with a global distribution. They are closely related to the families Ceratopogonidae, Simuliidae, and Thaumaleidae. Although many chironomid species superficially resemble mosquitoes, they can be distinguished by the absence of wing scales and elongated mouthparts characteristic of the Culicidae (true mosquitoes). The name Chironomidae stems from the Ancient Greek word ''kheironómos'', "a pantomimist". Common names and biodiversity This is a large taxon of insects. Some estimates of the species numbers suggest well over 10,000 world-wide. Males are easily recognized by their plumose antennae. Adults are known by a variety of vague and inconsistent common names, largely by confusion with other insects. For example, chironomids are known as "lake flies" in parts of Canada and Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin, but "bay flies" in the areas near the bay of Green Bay, Wisconsin. They ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthocladiinae
Orthocladiinae is a subfamily of midges in the non-biting midge family (Chironomidae). For lack of a better common name, they are simply referred to as orthoclads. Genera *'' Aagaardia'' Sæther, 1985 *'' Abiskomyia'' Edwards, 1937 *'' Acamptocladius'' Brundin, 1956 *'' Acricotopus'' Kieffer, 1921 *'' Antillocladius'' Sæther, 1981 *'' Apometriocnemus'' Sæther, 1984 *'' Austrobrillia'' Freeman, 1961 *'' Baeoctenus'' Sæther, 1976 *''Belgica'' Jacobs, 1900 *'' Boreosmittia'' Tuiskunen, 1986 *'' Brillia'' Kieffer, 1913 *'' Bryophaenocladius'' Thienemann, 1934 *'' Camptocladius'' van der Wulp, 1874 *'' Cardiocladius'' Kieffer, 1912 *'' Chaetocladius'' Kieffer, 1911 *'' Chasmatonotus'' *'' Clunio'' Haliday, 1855 *'' Compterosmittia'' *'' Corynoneura'' Winnertz, 1846 *'' Corynoneurella'' Brundin, 1949 *'' Cricotopus'' van der Wulp, 1874 *'' Diplocladius'' Kieffer, 1908 *'' Diplosmittia'' *'' Doithrix'' *'' Doncricotopus'' *'' Epoicocladius'' Sulc & ZavÍel, 1924 *'' Ere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Josef Fittkau
Ernst Josef Fittkau (22 July 1927 – 12 May 2012) was a German entomologist and herpetologist. Career In entomology he specialized in the Diptera, especially the family Chironomidae. In herpetology he specialized in crocodiles. He collected natural history specimens on every continent except Antarctica, beginning with South America in 1960. He was Director of the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology in Munich (''Zoologische Staatssammlung München'') from 1976 to 1992. Legacy Fittkau is commemorated in the scientific name of a species of South American lizard, '' Liolaemus fittkaui''. Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . ("Fittkau", p. 90). Publications *Fittkau EJ (1995). '' Johann Baptist Ritter von Spix. Rundgespräche der Kommission für Ökologie. Tropenforschung''. ''Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften The Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Huma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Midges
A midge is any small fly, including species in several families of non-mosquito nematoceran Diptera. Midges are found (seasonally or otherwise) on practically every land area outside permanently arid deserts and the frigid zones. Some midges, such as many Phlebotominae (sand fly) and Simuliidae (black fly), are vectors of various diseases. Many others play useful roles as prey for insectivores, such as various frogs and swallows. Others are important as detritivores, and form part of various nutrient cycles. The habits of midges vary greatly from species to species, though within any particular family, midges commonly have similar ecological roles. Examples of families that include species of midges include: * Blephariceridae, net-winged midges * Cecidomyiidae, gall midges * Ceratopogonidae, biting midges (also known as no-see-ums or punkies in North America and sandflies in Australia) * Chaoboridae, phantom midges * Chironomidae, non-biting midges (also known as muckl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west, to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country, to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has Demographics of Peru, a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At , Peru is the List of countries and dependencies by area, 19th largest country in the world, and the List of South American countries by area, third largest in South America. Pre-Columbian Peru, Peruvian territory was home to Andean civilizations, several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population, seventh-largest by population, with over 212 million people. The country is a federation composed of 26 Federative units of Brazil, states and a Federal District (Brazil), Federal District, which hosts the capital, Brasília. List of cities in Brazil by population, Its most populous city is São Paulo, followed by Rio de Janeiro. Brazil has the most Portuguese-speaking countries, Portuguese speakers in the world and is the only country in the Americas where Portuguese language, Portuguese is an Portuguese-speaking world, official language. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a Coastline of Brazil, coastline of . Covering roughly half of South America's land area, it Borders of Brazil, borders all other countries and ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ole A
OLE, Ole or Olé may refer to: * Olé, a cheering expression used in Spain * Ole (name), a male given name, includes a list of people named Ole * Overhead lines equipment, used to transmit electrical energy to trams, trolleybuses or trains Computing, mathematics, and engineering * Object locative environment coordinate system * Object Linking and Embedding, a distributed object system and protocol developed by Microsoft ** OLE Automation, an inter-process communication mechanism developed by Microsoft * Olé, Spanish search engine which became part of Telefónica's portal Terra in 1999 People * Ole (name) Places * Ole, Estonia, Hiiu County, a village * Õle, Järva County, Estonia, a village * Ole, Zanzibar, Tanzania, a village * Ole, India Country, Mathura district, a village * OLE, IATA airport code for Cattaraugus County-Olean Airport, New York, United States Music * '' Olé Coltrane'', an album by John Coltrane, 1962 * ''Olé'' (Johnny Mathis album), 1965 * ''Olé ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Larva
A larva (; : larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into their next life stage. Animals with indirect development such as insects, some arachnids, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. A larva's appearance is generally very different from the adult form (''e.g.'' caterpillars and butterflies) including different unique structures and organs that do not occur in the adult form. Their diet may also be considerably different. In the case of smaller primitive arachnids, the larval stage differs by having three instead of four pairs of legs. Larvae are frequently adapted to different environments than adults. For example, some larvae such as tadpoles live almost exclusively in aquatic environments but can live outside water as adult frogs. By living in a distinct environment, larvae may be given shelter from predators and reduce competition for resources with the adult population. Animals in the lar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fish
A fish (: fish or fishes) is an aquatic animal, aquatic, Anamniotes, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fish fin, fins and craniate, a hard skull, but lacking limb (anatomy), limbs with digit (anatomy), digits. Fish can be grouped into the more basal (phylogenetics), basal jawless fish and the more common jawed fish, the latter including all extant taxon, living cartilaginous fish, cartilaginous and bony fish, as well as the extinct placoderms and acanthodians. In a break to the long tradition of grouping all fish into a single Class (biology), class (Pisces), modern phylogenetics views fish as a paraphyletic group. Most fish are ectotherm, cold-blooded, their body temperature varying with the surrounding water, though some large nekton, active swimmers like white shark and tuna can hold a higher core temperature. Many fish can communication in aquatic animals#Acoustic, communicate acoustically with each other, such as during courtship displays. The stud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catfish
Catfish (or catfishes; order (biology), order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish. Catfish are common name, named for their prominent barbel (anatomy), barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, though not all catfish have prominent barbels or "whiskers", with some seemingly not having them. Siluriformes as a whole are Fish scale, scale-less, with neither the Armoured catfish, armour-plated nor the naked species having scales. This order of fish are Autapomorphy, defined by features of the skull and swimbladder. Catfish range in size and behavior from the three List of largest fish, largest species alive, the Mekong giant catfish from Southeast Asia, the wels catfish of Eurasia, and the piraíba of South America, to detritivorous and scavenging bottom feeders, down to tiny ectoparasitic species known as the Candiru (fish), candirus. In the Southern United States, catfish species may be known by a variety of slang names, such as "mud cat", " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astroblepidae
''Astroblepus'' is a genus of fish in the family (biology), family Astroblepidae found in South America and Panama. This genus is the only member of its family. These catfishes are primarily found in torrential streams in the Andes, Andean area. ''Astroblepus pholeter'' and ''A. riberae'' are Cavefish, troglobites adapted to living in subterranean water systems. These species are typically small, less than . The largest species reaches . These fish have suckermouths like those of Loricariidae, loricariids. They have two pairs of barbels, maxillary and nasal. The dorsal fin spine lacks a locking mechanism. These fish also have odontodes, tiny teeth on their skin. All species exhibit a conical, pointy type on their fish anatomy#Fins, fin rays like that found in other Loricarioidea, loricarioids; other species also exhibit a blunt type that is only found on their integumentary system, skin. Some of these fish are able to live in high altitude and climb the faces of waterfalls. Their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
