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I (kana)
I (い in hiragana or イ in katakana) is one of the Japanese kana each of which represents one mora. い is based on the sōsho style of the kanji character 以, and イ is from the radical (left part) of the kanji character 伊. In the modern Japanese system of sound order, it occupies the second position of the mora chart, between あ and う. Additionally, it is the first letter in Iroha, before ろ. Both represent the sound . In the Ainu language, katakana イ is written as ''y'' in their Latin-based mora chart, and a small ィ after another katakana represents a diphthong. Variant forms Like other vowels, scaled-down versions of the kana (ぃ, ィ) are used to express sounds foreign to the Japanese language, such as フィ (fi). In some Okinawan writing systems, a small ぃ is also combined with the kana く (''ku'') and ふ to form the digraphs くぃ ''kwi'' and ふぃ ''hwi'' respectively, although the Ryukyu University system uses the kana ゐ/ヰ instead. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iroha
The is a Japanese poem. Originally the poem was attributed to Kūkai, the founder of Shingon Buddhism, but more modern research has found the date of composition to be later in the Heian period (794–1179). The first record of its existence dates from 1079. It is famous because it is a perfect pangram, containing each character of the Japanese syllabary exactly once. Because of this, it is also used as an ordering for the syllabary, in the same way as the ''A'', ''B'', ''C'', ''D''... sequence of the Latin alphabet. Text The first appearance of the Iroha, in was in seven lines: six with seven morae each, and one with five. It was also written in man'yōgana. 以呂波耳本部止 千利奴流乎和加 餘多連曽津祢那 良牟有為能於久 耶万計不己衣天 阿佐伎喩女美之 恵比毛勢須 Structurally, however, the poem follows the standard 7–5 pattern of Japanese poetry (with one hypometric line), and in modern times it is generally written that way ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yi (kana)
Yi (hiragana: , katakana: ) is a Japanese mora or a kana are syllabary, syllabaries used to write Japanese phonology, Japanese phonological units, Mora (linguistics), morae. In current usage, ''kana'' most commonly refers to ''hiragana'' and ''katakana''. It can also refer to their ancestor , wh ... used to write it, though it has never been in standard use.Iannacone, Jake (2020)"Reply to The Origin of Hiragana /wu/ 平仮名のわ行うの字源に対する新たな発見"/ref> History It is presumed that ''yi'' would have represented . Along with (''ye'') and (''wu''), the mora ''yi'' has no officially recognized kana, as these morae do not occur in native Japanese words; however, during the Meiji period, linguists almost unanimously agreed on the kana for ''yi'', ''ye'', and ''wu''. (''yi'') and (''wu'') are thought to have never occurred as morae in Japanese, and (''ye'') was merged with and as a result of regular historical sound changes. Characters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GB 18030
GB 18030 is a Chinese government standard, described as ''Information Technology — Chinese coded character set'' and defines the required language and character support necessary for software in China. GB18030 is the registered Internet name for the official character set of the People's Republic of China (PRC) superseding GB2312. As a Unicode Transformation Format (i.e. an encoding of all Unicode code points), GB18030 supports both simplified and traditional Chinese characters. It is also compatible with legacy encodings including GB/T 2312, CP936, and GBK 1.0. The Unicode Consortium has warned implementers that the latest version of this Chinese standard, GB 18030-2022, introduces what they describe as "disruptive changes" from the previous version GB 18030-2005 "involving 33 different characters and 55 code positions". GB 18030-2022 was enforced from 1 August 2023. It has been implemented in ICU 73.2; and in Java 21, and backported to older ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Components For Unicode
International Components for Unicode (ICU) is an open-source project of mature C/ C++ and Java libraries for Unicode support, software internationalization, and software globalization. ICU is widely portable to many operating systems and environments. It gives applications the same results on all platforms and between C, C++, and Java software. The ICU project is a technical committee of the Unicode Consortium and sponsored, supported, and used by IBM and many other companies. ICU has been included as a standard component with Microsoft Windows since Windows 10 version 1703. ICU provides the following services: Unicode text handling, full character properties, and character set conversions; Unicode regular expressions; full Unicode sets; character, word, and line boundaries; language-sensitive collation and searching; normalization, upper and lowercase conversion, and script transliterations; comprehensive locale data and resource bundle architecture via the Common Loca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EUC-JP
Extended Unix Code (EUC) is a multibyte character encoding system used primarily for Japanese, Korean, and simplified Chinese (characters). The most commonly used EUC codes are variable-length encodings with a character belonging to an compliant coded character set (such as ASCII) taking one byte, and a character belonging to a 94×94 coded character set (such as ) represented in two bytes. The EUC-CN form of and EUC-KR are examples of such two-byte EUC codes. EUC-JP includes characters represented by up to three bytes, including an initial , whereas a single character in EUC-TW can take up to four bytes. Modern applications are more likely to use UTF-8, which supports all of the glyphs of the EUC codes, and more, and is generally more portable with fewer vendor deviations and errors. EUC is however still very popular, especially EUC-KR for South Korea. Encoding structure The structure of EUC is based on the standard, which specifies a system of graphical character set ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shift JIS
Shift JIS (also SJIS, MIME name Shift_JIS, known as PCK in Solaris contexts) is a character encoding for the Japanese language, originally developed by the Japanese company ASCII Corporation in conjunction with Microsoft and standardized as JIS X 0208 Appendix 1. Shift JIS is based on character sets defined within JIS standards (for the single-byte characters) and (for the double-byte characters). , less than 0.05% of surveyed web pages used Shift JIS (actually decoded as its superset Windows-31J encoding), a decline from 1.3% in July 2014. Shift JIS is the third-most declared character encoding for Japanese websites (though in effect it means its superset Windows-31J is used, so it is third-most popular), declared by 1.0% of sites in the .jp domain, while UTF-8 is used by 99% of Japanese websites. Shift JIS is also sometimes used in QR codes (they are a Japanese invention also allowing UTF-8, which may though be preferred use). Structure Shift JIS is an extension ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Character Encoding
Character encoding is the process of assigning numbers to graphical character (computing), characters, especially the written characters of human language, allowing them to be stored, transmitted, and transformed using computers. The numerical values that make up a character encoding are known as code points and collectively comprise a code space or a code page. Early character encodings that originated with optical or electrical telegraphy and in early computers could only represent a subset of the characters used in written languages, sometimes restricted to Letter case, upper case letters, Numeral system, numerals and some punctuation only. Over time, character encodings capable of representing more characters were created, such as ASCII, the ISO/IEC 8859 encodings, various computer vendor encodings, and Unicode encodings such as UTF-8 and UTF-16. The Popularity of text encodings, most popular character encoding on the World Wide Web is UTF-8, which is used in 98.2% of surve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Braille
Japanese Braille is the braille script of the Japanese language. It is based on the original braille script, though the connection is tenuous. In Japanese it is known as , literally "dot characters". It transcribes Japanese more or less as it would be written in the ''hiragana'' or ''katakana'' syllabaries, without any provision for writing ''kanji''. Japanese Braille is a vowel-based abugida. That is, the glyphs are syllabic, but unlike kana they contain separate symbols for consonant and vowel, and the vowel takes primacy. The vowels are written in the upper left corner (dots 1, 2, 4) and may be used alone. The consonants are written in the lower right corner (dots 3, 5, 6) and cannot occur alone. However, the semivowel ''y'' is indicated by dot 4, one of the vowel dots, and the vowel combination is dropped to the bottom of the cell. When this dot is written in isolation, it indicates that the following syllable has a medial ''y'', as in ''mya''. Syllables beginning with ''w' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroke (Chinese Character)
Strokes ( zh, t=筆畫, s=笔画, p=bǐhuà) are the smallest structural units making up written Chinese characters. In the act of writing, a stroke is defined as a movement of a writing instrument on a writing material surface, or the trace left on the surface from a discrete application of the writing implement. The modern sense of discretized strokes first came into being with the clerical script during the Han dynasty. In the regular script that emerged during the Tang dynasty—the most recent major style, highly studied for its aesthetics in East Asian calligraphy—individual strokes are discrete and highly regularized. By contrast, the ancient seal script has line terminals within characters that are often unclear, making them non-trivial to count. Study and classification of strokes is useful for understanding Chinese calligraphy, Chinese character calligraphy, ensuring character legibility, identifying fundamental components of Radical (Chinese characters), radicals, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
