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Hydroxynaphthoquinone
A hydroxynaphthoquinone (formula: ) is any of several organic compounds that can be viewed as derivatives of a naphthoquinone through replacement of one hydrogen atom (H) by a hydroxyl group (-OH). In general, the term may mean any naphthoquinone derivative where any number ''n'' of hydrogens have been replaced by ''n'' hydroxyls, so that the formula is . In this case the number ''n'' (which is between 1 and 6) is indicated by a multiplier prefix (mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, or hexa-). The unqualified term "hydroxynaphthoquinone" usually means a derivative of 1,4-naphthoquinone. Other hydroxy- compounds can be derived from other isomers of the latter, such as 1,2-naphthoquinone and 2,6-naphthoquinone. The IUPAC nomenclature uses dihydronaphthalenedione instead of "naphthoquinone", with the necessary prefixes to indicate the positions of the carbonyl oxygens (=O) — as in 5,8-dihydroxy-1a,8a-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione (= 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone). The hydroxyn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
Juglone, also called 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione (IUPAC) is an organic compound with the molecular formula C10H6O3. In the food industry, juglone is also known as C.I. Natural Brown 7 and C.I. 75500. It is insoluble in benzene but soluble in dioxane, from which it crystallizes as yellow needles. It is an isomer of lawsone, which is the staining compound in the henna leaf. Juglone occurs naturally in the leaves, roots, husks, fruit ( the epicarp), and bark of plants in the Juglandaceae family, particularly the black walnut (''Juglans nigra''), and is toxic or growth-stunting to many types of plants. It is sometimes used as an herbicide, as a dye for cloth and inks, and as a coloring agent for foods and cosmetics. History The harmful effects of walnut trees on other plants have been observed for at least two millennia. The ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome used the walnut for its cytotoxic properties as did residents of the American South for easily gathering fish whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dihydroxynaphthoquinone
A dihydroxynaphthoquinone (formula: ) is any of several organic compounds that can be viewed as derivatives of naphthoquinone through replacement of two hydrogen atoms (H) by hydroxyl groups (OH). The unqualified term "dihydroxynaphthoquinone" usually means a derivative of 1,4-naphthoquinone. Other dihydroxy- compounds can be derived from the two other known isomers, 1,2-naphthoquinone (''ortho''-) and 2,6-naphthoquinone (''amphi''-). Isomers From 1,4-naphthoquinone Due to the symmetry of the parent quinone, there are only nine distinct isomers of dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone: * 2,3-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. * 2,5-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. * 2,6-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. * 2,7-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. * 2,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. * 5,6-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. * 5,7-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. *5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (naphthazarin). J. Khalafy and J.M. Bruce (2002), ''Oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-tetralones: Synthesis of juglone, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naphthoquinone
Naphthoquinones constitute a class of organic compounds structurally related to naphthalene. Two isomers are common for the parent naphthoquinones: * 1,2-Naphthoquinone * 1,4-Naphthoquinone Natural products * Alkannin * Hexahydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione * Juglone * Lapachol * Lawsone * Menatetrenone * 2-Methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, a compound found in ''Impatiens'' species * Nigrosporin B * 2,3,5,6,8-Pentahydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione * Phylloquinone * Plumbagin * 2,3,5,7-Tetrahydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione * Vitamin K and related compounds Synthetic naphthoquinones * Menadione (2-Methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone), a vitamin K mimic * 5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and dihydroxynaphthoquinones * Atovaquone * Buparvaquone, an antiprotozoal drug used in veterinary medicine * Diazonaphthoquinone Diazonaphthoquinone (DNQ) is a diazo derivative of naphthoquinone. Upon exposure to light, DNQ converts to a derivative that is susceptible to etching. In this way, DNQ has become a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organic Compound
In chemistry, organic compounds are generally any chemical compounds that contain carbon- hydrogen or carbon-carbon bonds. Due to carbon's ability to catenate (form chains with other carbon atoms), millions of organic compounds are known. The study of the properties, reactions, and syntheses of organic compounds comprise the discipline known as organic chemistry. For historical reasons, a few classes of carbon-containing compounds (e.g., carbonate salts and cyanide salts), along with a few other exceptions (e.g., carbon dioxide, hydrogen cyanide), are not classified as organic compounds and are considered inorganic. Other than those just named, little consensus exists among chemists on precisely which carbon-containing compounds are excluded, making any rigorous definition of an organic compound elusive. Although organic compounds make up only a small percentage of Earth's crust, they are of central importance because all known life is based on organic compounds. Livin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
