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Human Rights Committee
The United Nations Human Rights Committee is a treaty body composed of 18 experts, established by a 1966 human rights treaty, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The Committee meets for three four-week sessions per year to consider the periodic reports submitted by the 173 States parties to the ICCPR on their compliance with the treaty, and any individual petitions concerning the 116 States parties to the ICCPR's First Optional Protocol. The Committee is one of ten UN human rights treaty bodies, each responsible for overseeing the implementation of a particular treaty. The UN Human Rights Committee should not be confused with the more high-profile UN Human Rights Council (HRC), or the predecessor of the HRC, the UN Commission on Human Rights. Whereas the Human Rights Council (since June 2006) and the Commission on Human Rights (before that date) are ''UN political bodies:'' composed of states, established by a UN General Assembly resolution and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Body
In international law, a treaty body (or treaty-based body) is an International organization, internationally established body of independent experts that monitor how States party to a particular treaty, international legal instrument are implementing their obligations under it. Definitions The International Law Commission defines an "expert treaty body" as:"a body consisting of experts serving in their personal capacity, which is established under a treaty and is not an organ of an international organization."A research guide published by the UN library lists key characteristics of human rights treaty-based bodies: * They "derive their existence from provisions contained in a specific legal instrument", * They hold more narrow mandates, being often limited to the set of powers codified in the treaty establishing them, * The audiences that treaty bodies address are limited to countries having ratified the legal instrument (as opposed to UN agencies which enjoy a quasi-universal au ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mellet V Ireland
''Mellet v Ireland'' is a finding from the United Nations Human Rights Committee in 2016 that Ireland's abortion laws violated human rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights by banning abortion in cases of fatal foetal abnormality and by forcing her to travel to the United Kingdom for an abortion. Background Amanda Mellet Amanda Mellet became pregnant in 2011. In November 2011, in the 21st week of pregnancy, a routine scans in the Rotunda Hospital showed the foetus was suffering Edwards syndrome, a fatal condition. Staff at the hospital told her that she could not have an abortion in that juristicion but would have to "travel". With the help of a family planning clinic, she, and her husband, travelled to Liverpool Women's Hospital for a termination. They had to return to Ireland only 12 hours after the termination because they could not afford to stay later. The procedure cost €2,000, as there is no financial assistance from the State or private he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diergaardt V , a zoo in Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Diergaardt may refer to: * Floris Diergaardt (born 1980), Namibian football striker * Hans Diergaardt (1927–1998), Namibian politician * Johan Diergaardt, Namibian rugby union coach * Reggie Diergaardt (born 1957), Namibian politician and former member of the National Assembly of Namibia * Theo Diergaardt (1969/70–2020), Namibian politician and Member of Parliament * Diergaarde Blijdorp (; ), officially Rotterdam Zoo, is a zoo located in the northwestern part of Rotterdam. It is one of the oldest zoos in the Netherlands, and has been operated by the ("Royal Rotterdam Zoo Foundation"). Divided into several zoogeographic regio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apportionment (politics)
Apportionment is the process by which seats in a Legislature, legislative body are distributed among administrative divisions, such as states or parties, entitled to Representation (politics), representation. This page presents the general principles and issues related to apportionment. The apportionment by country page describes the specific practices used around the world. The Mathematics of apportionment page describes mathematical formulations and properties of apportionment rules. The simplest and most universal principle is that elections should One man, one vote, give each vote an equal weight. This is both intuitive and stated in laws such as the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (the Equal Protection Clause). One example of deliberate malapportionment is seen in bicameral legislatures: while one house, often called a house of commons or representatives, is based on proportional representation, the other is based on regional representation. This is mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abstention
Abstention is a term in election procedure for when a participant in a Voting, vote either does not go to vote (on election day) or, in parliamentary procedure, is present during the vote but does not cast a ballot. Abstention must be contrasted with "none of the above, blank vote", in which a voter casts a ballot willfully made invalid by marking it wrongly or by not marking anything at all. A "blank voter" has voted, although their vote may be considered a spoilt vote, depending on each legislation, while an abstaining voter has not voted. Both forms (abstention and blank vote) may or may not, depending on the circumstances, be considered to be a protest vote (also known as a "blank vote"). Abstention is related to political apathy and low voter turnout. An abstention may be used to indicate the voting individual's ambivalence about the measure, or mild disapproval that does not rise to the level of active opposition. Abstention can also be used when someone has a certain pos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Zundel
Ernst is both a surname and a given name, the German, Dutch, and Scandinavian form of Ernest. Notable people with the name include: Surname * Adolf Ernst (1832–1899) German botanist known by the author abbreviation "Ernst" * Anton Ernst (born 1975), South African film producer * Alice Henson Ernst (1880-1980), American writer and historian * Bastian Ernst (born 1987), German politician * Britta Ernst (born 1961), German politician * Cornelia Ernst (born 1956), German politician * Edzard Ernst (born 1948), German-British academic * Emil Ernst (1889–1942), astronomer * Ernie Ernst (1924/25–2013), American judge * Eugen Ernst (1864–1954), German politician * Fabian Ernst (born 1979), German soccer player * Fedir Ernst (1891-1942), Ukrainian art historian * Gustav Ernst (born 1944), Austrian writer * Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst (1812–1865), Moravian violinist and composer * Jim Ernst (born 1942), Canadian politician * Jimmy Ernst (1920–1984), American painter, son ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alaksandar Milinkievič
Alaksandar Uładzimieravič Milinkievič (, , born 25 July 1947) is a Belarusian politician. He was nominated by the leading opposition parties in Belarus to run against incumbent Alexander Lukashenko in the 2006 presidential election. Biography Milinkevič was born in 1947 in Grodno. After graduating from the University of Grodno, he defended his Ph.D. thesis at the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Between 1980 and 1984 he was in charge of the (then forming) Faculty of Physics at the University of Sétif in Algeria. He also served as a docent at the University of Grodno between 1978 and 1980, and then from 1984 on to 1990. At that time he also started to cooperate with local city authorities as chief of one of the committees. Soon he reached the rank of deputy mayor of the city. In 2001 he was the chief of staff of Siamion Domash, one of the opposition leaders running for president in the 2001 presidential elections of Belarus. In October ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Marynich
Mikhail Apanasavich Marynich (13 January 1940 — 17 October 2014) was a Belarusian diplomat, politician, and pro-democracy activist. Minsk city mayor, minister of foreign economic affairs and ambassador. He was also the inspirational leader for Zubr, a youth resistance movement. In 2001 Marynich resigned from his position of Belarus Ambassador to Latvia, made a public statement against the Belarus political regime and ran for the Presidency. He was among the first public officials in Belarus to resign and start a political fight against Alexander Lukashenko. Such a step was seen as a large risk given that a number of Lukashenko's opponents disappeared or were killed in the late 1990s. After the election Marynich established the Business Initiative NGO and became one of the opposition leaders who had immense support and respect from his former colleagues, business community and the political opposition. In early 2004 Marynich was arrested for his political beliefs. He spen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Felix Kulov
Felix Sharshenbayevich Kulov (; , Feliks Sharshenbayevich (Sharshenbay uulu) Kulov; born 29 October 1948) is a Kyrgyz politician who served as the 9th Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan from 2005 to 2007, following the Tulip Revolution. He first served from 1 September 2005 until he resigned on 19 December 2006. President Kurmanbek Bakiyev reappointed him acting Prime Minister the same day, but parliamentary opposition meant Bakiyev's attempts to renominate Kulov in January 2007 were unsuccessful, and on 29 January the assembly's members approved a replacement. Kulov cofounded and leads Ar-Namys, a political party, and chairs the People's Congress, an electoral alliance to which Ar-Namys belongs. Political career Kulov was born in Frunze (present-day Bishkek), and initially trained as a policeman. Between 1978 and 1998 he held various posts in the Kyrgyz government, including Minister of the Interior, Minister for National Security and Governor of Chuy Province. From 1992–1993 h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beneš Decrees
The Beneš decrees were a series of laws drafted by the Czechoslovak government-in-exile in the absence of the Czechoslovak parliament during the German occupation of Czechoslovakia in World War II. They were issued by President Edvard Beneš from 21 July 1940 to 27 October 1945 and retroactively ratified by the Interim National Assembly of Czechoslovakia on 6 March 1946. The decrees dealt with various aspects of the restoration of Czechoslovakia and its legal system, denazification, and reconstruction of the country. In journalism and political history, the term "Beneš decrees" refers to the decrees of the president and the ordinances of the Slovak National Council (SNR) concerning the status of ethnic Germans, Hungarians and others in postwar Czechoslovakia and represented Czechoslovakia's legal framework for the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia. The decrees treated German and Hungarian citizens as collective criminals, enforcing racial segregation and disenfranchi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
