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Hryhorii Pereghinyak
Hryhorii Pereghinyak (; February 7, 1910 - February 22, 1943) was a Ukrainian nationalist, war criminal and member of the OUN-B. Biography He came from a peasant family. In 1935, he committed the murder of a Polish village head (sołtys) in his native village of Staryi Uhryniv, for which he was sentenced to life imprisonment. In prison, he met, among others, Stepan Bandera. In September 1939, he was released from prison and joined the organization founded by Stepan Bandera in Kraków. Shortly after completing an OUN training course, Perehijniak became a member of one of the Ukrainian sabotage groups created by the German army to conduct intelligence operations in Volhynia. He then joined the collaborationist Ukrainian Auxiliary Police, where he participated in the extermination of Jews. In the fall of 1942, he deserted from the Ukrainian police units and joined the UPA, adopting the pseudonym "Dowbeszka-Korobka." On the orders of Ivan Lytvynchuk (pseud. "Dubovyi"), he formed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
The Ukrainian Auxiliary Police (; ) was the official title of the local police formation (a type of hilfspolizei) set up by Nazi Germany during World War II in Eastern Galicia and '' Reichskommissariat Ukraine'', shortly after the German occupation of the Western Ukrainian SSR in Operation Barbarossa. The Ukrainian Auxiliary Police was created by Heinrich Himmler in mid-August 1941 and put under the control of German ''Ordnungspolizei'' within General Government. The actual ''Reichskommissariat Ukraine'' was formed officially on 20 August 1941. Jürgen Matthäus, Jewish Responses to Persecution: 1941–1942.' AltaMira Press, p. 524. The uniformed force was composed in large part of the former members of the Ukrainian People's Militia created by the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) in June. There were two categories of German-controlled Ukrainian armed organisations. The first comprised mobile police units most often called '' Schutzmannschaft'', or ''Schuma'', organ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andriy Melnyk (officer)
Andriy Atanasovych Melnyk (; 12 December 1890 – 1 November 1964) was a Ukrainian military and political leader best known for leading the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists from 1939 onwards and later the Melnykites (OUN-M) following a split with the more radical Banderite faction (OUN-B) in 1940. Early life and education Melnyk was born near Drohobych, Halychyna, to Maria Koval (d.1897) and Atanas Melnyk (d.1905), a well-known public figure who at a young age became village head and set up a local branch of the Prosvita society. Both his parents died prematurely of tuberculosis, leaving him to be raised by his remarried father's widow who paid for two surgeries relating to his own struggle with the disease, removing two ribs. Between 1912 and 1914 he studied forestry at the Higher School of Agriculture in Vienna, though his studies were interrupted by the outbreak of the First World War. First World War (1914-1917) In 1914, Melnyk volunteered as an officer in the Aust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perpetrators Of Massacres In Volhynia And Eastern Galicia
In law enforcement jargon, a suspect is a known person accused or suspected of committing a crime. Police and reporters in the United States often use the word suspect as a jargon when referring to the perpetrator of the offense (perp in dated U.S. slang). However, in official definition, the perpetrator is the robber, assailant, counterfeiter, etc.—the person who committed the crime. The distinction between suspect and perpetrator recognizes that the suspect is not ''known'' to have committed the offense, while the perpetrator—who may not yet have been suspected of the crime, and is thus not necessarily a suspect—is the one who did. The suspect may be a different person from the perpetrator, or there may have been no actual crime, which would mean there is no perpetrator. A common error in police reports is a witness description of the suspect (as a witness generally describes a perpetrator, while a mug shot is of a suspect). Frequently it is stated that police are looking ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holocaust Perpetrators In Poland
The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population. The murders were carried out primarily through mass shootings and poison gas in extermination camps, chiefly Auschwitz-Birkenau, Treblinka, Belzec, Sobibor, and Chełmno in occupied Poland. Separate Nazi persecutions killed a similar or larger number of non-Jewish civilians and prisoners of war (POWs); the term ''Holocaust'' is sometimes used to include the murder and persecution of non-Jewish groups. The Nazis developed their ideology based on racism and pursuit of "living space", and seized power in early 1933. Meant to force all German Jews to emigrate, regardless of means, the regime passed anti-Jewish laws, encouraged harassment, and orchestrated a nationwide pogrom in November 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commanders Of The Ukrainian Insurgent Army
Commander (commonly abbreviated as Cmdr.) is a common naval officer rank as well as a job title in many armies. Commander is also used as a rank or title in other formal organizations, including several police forces. In several countries, this naval rank is termed as a frigate captain. Commander is also a generic term for an officer commanding any armed forces unit, such as " platoon commander", "brigade commander" and " squadron commander". In the police, terms such as "borough commander" and "incident commander" are used. Commander as a naval and air force rank Commander is a rank used primarily in navies, and is very rarely used as a rank in armies. In most armies, the term "commander" is used as a job title. For example, in the US Army, an officer with the rank of captain ( NATO rank code OF-2) may hold the title of "company commander", whereas an officer with the rank of lieutenant colonel ( NATO rank code OF-4) typically holds the title of "battalion commander". Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organization Of Ukrainian Nationalists Members
An organization or organisation (English in the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth English; American and British English spelling differences#-ise, -ize (-isation, -ization), see spelling differences) is an legal entity, entity—such as a company, or corporation or an institution (formal organization), or an Voluntary association, association—comprising one or more person, people and having a particular purpose. Organizations may also operate secretly or illegally in the case of secret society , secret societies, criminal organizations, and resistance movements. And in some cases may have obstacles from other organizations (e.g.: Southern Christian Leadership Conference, MLK's organization). What makes an organization recognized by the government is either filling out Incorporation (business), incorporation or recognition in the form of either societal pressure (e.g.: Advocacy group), causing concerns (e.g.: Resistance movement) or being considered the spokesperson o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1943 Deaths
Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 – WWII: Greek-Polish athlete and saboteur Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz is executed by the Germans at Kaisariani. * January 10 – WWII: Guadalcanal campaign, Guadalcanal Campaign: American forces of the 2nd Marine Division and the 25th Infantry Division (United States), 25th Infantry Division begin their assaults on the Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse#Galloping Horse, Galloping Horse and Sea Horse on Guadalcanal. Meanwhile, the Japanese Seventeenth Army (Japan), 17th Army makes plans to abandon the island and after fierce resistance withdraws to the west coast of Guadalcanal. * January 11 ** The United States and United Kingdom revise previously unequal treaty relationships with the Republic of China (1912–194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1910 Births
Events January * January 6 – Abé language, Abé people in the French West Africa colony of Côte d'Ivoire rise against the colonial administration; the rebellion is brutally suppressed by the military. * January 8 – By the Treaty of Punakha, the Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan becomes a protectorate of the British Empire. * January 11 – Charcot Island is discovered by the Antarctic expedition led by French explorer Jean-Baptiste Charcot on the ship ''Pourquoi-Pas (1908), Pourquoi Pas?'' Charcot returns from his expedition on February 11. * January 12 – Great January Comet of 1910 first observed (perihelion: January 17). * January 15 – Amidst the constitutional crisis caused by the House of Lords rejecting the People's Budget the January 1910 United Kingdom general election is held resulting in a hung parliament with neither Liberals nor Conservatives gaining a majority. * January 21 – 1910 Great Flood of Paris, The Great Flood of Paris begins when the Seine over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukrainian Language
Ukrainian (, ) is an East Slavic languages, East Slavic language, spoken primarily in Ukraine. It is the first language, first (native) language of a large majority of Ukrainians. Written Ukrainian uses the Ukrainian alphabet, a variant of the Cyrillic script. The standard language is studied by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Potebnia Institute of Linguistics. Comparisons are often made between Ukrainian and Russian language, Russian, another East Slavic language, yet there is more mutual intelligibility with Belarusian language, Belarusian,Alexander M. Schenker. 1993. "Proto-Slavonic", ''The Slavonic Languages''. (Routledge). pp. 60–121. p. 60: "[The] distinction between dialect and language being blurred, there can be no unanimity on this issue in all instances..."C.F. Voegelin and F.M. Voegelin. 1977. ''Classification and Index of the World's Languages'' (Elsevier). p. 311, "In terms of immediate mutual intelligibility, the East Slavic zone is a sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grzegorz Motyka (historian)
Grzegorz Motyka (born 1967) is a Polish historian and author specializing in the history of Poland–Ukraine relations. Since 1992 he served at the Institute of Political Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences and at the Institute of National Remembrance. Motyka graduated from the history department at the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin in 1992. Motyka was awarded the postgraduate academic degree of Doctor of Philosophy in 1998. The title of his dissertation was ''Walki polsko-ukraińskie na ziemiach dzisiejszej Polski w latach 1943–1948'' (''the Polish-Ukrainian war on the territory of present day Poland in 1943–48''). Motyka habilitated his degree in 2007. After 1992 he became a researcher in the Polish Academy of Sciences. He also worked at the Public Education Office of the Institute of National Remembrance (until 2007). He worked as Adjunct professor, adjunct at the Faculty of Ukrainian Studies in the Jagiellonian University, but also as Associate professo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volhynian Massacre
The Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia (; ) were carried out in German-occupied Poland by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), with the support of parts of the local Ukrainian population, against the Polish minority in Volhynia, Eastern Galicia, parts of Polesia, and the Lublin region from 1943 to 1945. The UPA's actions resulted in up to 100,000 Polish deaths. The peak of the massacres took place in July and August 1943. These killings were exceptionally brutal, and most of the victims were women and children. Other victims of the massacres included several hundred Armenians, Jews, Russians, Czechs, Georgians, and Ukrainians who were part of Polish families or opposed the UPA and impeded the massacres by hiding Polish escapees. The ethnic cleansing was a Ukrainian attempt to prevent the post-war Polish state from asserting its sovereignty over Ukrainian-majority areas that had been part of the pre-war Polish state. The decision to force the Polish population ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1943
Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 – WWII: Greek-Polish athlete and saboteur Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz is executed by the Germans at Kaisariani. * January 10 – WWII: Guadalcanal Campaign: American forces of the 2nd Marine Division and the 25th Infantry Division begin their assaults on the Galloping Horse and Sea Horse on Guadalcanal. Meanwhile, the Japanese 17th Army makes plans to abandon the island and after fierce resistance withdraws to the west coast of Guadalcanal. * January 11 ** The United States and United Kingdom revise previously unequal treaty relationships with the Republic of China. ** Italian-American anarchist Carlo Tresca is assassinated in New York City. * January 12 – WWII: Landing at Amchitka: American forces make an unopposed landing on A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
