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Hpunavirus
''Hpunavirus'' (synonyms ''Hp1likevirus'' and ''Hpunalikevirus'') is a genus of viruses in the family '' Myoviridae'', within the subfamily ''Peduovirinae''. Bacteria serve as the natural host, with transmission achieved through passive diffusion. There are two species in this genus. Taxonomy The following two species are assigned to the genus: :*'' Haemophilus virus HP1'' :*'' Haemophilus virus HP2'' Structure Hpunalikeviruses are nonenveloped, with a head and tail. The head is approximately 60 nm in diameter and an elongated icosahedral symmetry (T=7), composed of 60 hexamers and 12 pentamers (72 capsomers in total). The tail is around 135 nm long, 18 nm wide, has 6 long terminal fibers, 6 short spikes and a small base plate. The tail is enclosed in a sheath, which loosens and slides around the tail core upon contraction. Genome Both species have been fully sequenced. They range between 30k and 34k nucleotides, with 37 to 45 proteins. All complete genomes are av ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haemophilus Virus HP1
''Haemophilus virus HP1'' is a virus of the family '' Myoviridae'', in the genus ''Hpunavirus ''Hpunavirus'' (synonyms ''Hp1likevirus'' and ''Hpunalikevirus'') is a genus of viruses in the family '' Myoviridae'', within the subfamily ''Peduovirinae''. Bacteria serve as the natural host, with transmission achieved through passive diffusion ...''. References Myoviridae {{Virus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haemophilus Virus HP2
''Haemophilus virus HP2'' is a virus of the family '' Myoviridae'', genus ''Hpunavirus ''Hpunavirus'' (synonyms ''Hp1likevirus'' and ''Hpunalikevirus'') is a genus of viruses in the family '' Myoviridae'', within the subfamily ''Peduovirinae''. Bacteria serve as the natural host, with transmission achieved through passive diffusion ...''. References Myoviridae {{Virus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peduovirinae
''Peduovirinae'' is a subfamily of viruses in the order ''Caudovirales'', in the family ''Myoviridae''. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are 76 species in this subfamily, assigned to 31 genera. Taxonomy The following genera are recognized: * '' Aresaunavirus'' * '' Baylorvirus'' * '' Bielevirus'' * '' Canoevirus'' * '' Catalunyavirus'' * '' Citexvirus'' * '' Eganvirus'' * '' Entnonagintavirus'' * '' Felsduovirus'' * ''Hpunavirus'' * '' Irrigatiovirus'' * '' Irtavirus'' * '' Kisquattuordecimvirus'' * '' Kisquinquevirus'' * '' Longwoodvirus'' * '' Nampongvirus'' * '' Novemvirus'' * ''Peduovirus ''Peduovirus'' (also known as P2-like phages and P2-like viruses) is a genus of virus A virus is a wikt:submicroscopic, submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living Cell (biology), cells of an organism. Viruses ...'' * '' Phitrevirus'' * '' Playavirus'' * '' Reginaelenavirus'' * '' Reipivirus'' * '' Senquatrovirus'' * '' Seongnamvirus'' * '' Simpc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virus
A virus is a wikt:submicroscopic, submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living Cell (biology), cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,Dimmock p. 4 more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology. When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or ''virions'', consisti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myoviridae
''Myoviridae'' is a family of bacteriophages in the order ''Caudovirales''. Bacteria and archaea serve as natural hosts. There are 625 species in this family, assigned to eight subfamilies and 217 genera. Subdivisions The subfamily ''Tevenvirinae'' (synonym: ''Tequatrovirinae'') is named after its type species ''Enterobacteria phage T4''. Members of this subfamily are morphologically indistinguishable and have moderately elongated heads of about 110 nanometers (nm) in length, 114 nm long tails with a collar, base plates with short spikes and six long kinked tail fibers. The genera within this subfamily are divided on the basis of head morphology with the genus ''Tequatrovirus'' (Provisional name: ''T4virus'') having a head length of 137 nm and those in the genus ''Schizot4virus'' being 111 nm in length. Within the genera on the basis of protein homology the species have been divided into a number of groups. The subfamily ''Peduovirinae'' have virions with heads of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viral Envelope
A viral envelope is the outermost layer of many types of viruses. It protects the genetic material in their life cycle when traveling between host cells. Not all viruses have envelopes. Numerous human pathogenic viruses in circulation are encased in lipid bilayers, and they infect their target cells by causing the viral envelope and cell membrane to fuse. Although there are effective vaccines against some of these viruses, there is no preventative or curative medicine for the majority of them. In most cases, the known vaccines operate by inducing antibodies that prevent the pathogen from entering cells. This happens in the case of enveloped viruses when the antibodies bind to the viral envelope proteins. The membrane fusion event that triggers viral entrance is caused by the viral fusion protein. Many enveloped viruses only have one protein visible on the surface of the particle, which is required for both mediating adhesion to the cell surface and for the subsequent membrane fusi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regular Icosahedron
In geometry, a regular icosahedron ( or ) is a convex polyhedron with 20 faces, 30 edges and 12 vertices. It is one of the five Platonic solids, and the one with the most faces. It has five equilateral triangular faces meeting at each vertex. It is represented by its Schläfli symbol , or sometimes by its vertex figure as 3.3.3.3.3 or 35. It is the dual of the regular dodecahedron, which is represented by , having three pentagonal faces around each vertex. In most contexts, the unqualified use of the word "icosahedron" refers specifically to this figure. A regular icosahedron is a strictly convex deltahedron and a gyroelongated pentagonal bipyramid and a biaugmented pentagonal antiprism in any of six orientations. The name comes . The plural can be either "icosahedrons" or "icosahedra" (). Dimensions If the edge length of a regular icosahedron is a, the radius of a circumscribed sphere (one that touches the icosahedron at all vertices) is r_u = \frac \sqrt = \frac \sqrt = ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Committee On Taxonomy Of Viruses
The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) authorizes and organizes the taxonomic classification of and the nomenclatures for viruses. The ICTV has developed a universal taxonomic scheme for viruses, and thus has the means to appropriately describe, name, and classify every virus that affects living organisms. The members of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses are considered expert virologists. The ICTV was formed from and is governed by the Virology Division of the International Union of Microbiological Societies. Detailed work, such as delimiting the boundaries of species within a family, typically is performed by study groups of experts in the families. History The International Committee on Nomenclature of Viruses (ICNV) was established in 1966, at the International Congress for Microbiology in Moscow, to standardize the naming of viruses. The ICVN published its first report in 1971. For viruses infecting vertebrates, the first report includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
