Hovhannes Bujicanian
Hovhannes Bujicanian (born, Çüngüs, 1873, - Harpoot, 1915) was an Armenian academic and teacher in the Ottoman Empire. He was a defender of the Second Constitutional Order within the Ottoman Empire and an influential functionary in the Euphrates College. Biography Between 1906 and 1908 he attended the University of Edinburgh, where he studied Psychology and Philosophy and got to know the possibilities within a democratic environment. As following the Young Turk Revolution in 1908 the Ottoman Constitution was re-instated, the life for Armenians improved significantly which was also the case for the education according to the Armenian tradition and culture. Eventually, he became a teacher of Ethics at the Euphrates College. From November 1909 onwards he wrote for the Euphrates Colleges newspaper ''Yeṗrad'' (Euphrates in Armenian. As a teacher at the Euphrates College, he welcomed the possibility to be able to celebrate the 1500th anniversary of the Armenian alphabet in 1913 ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Hovhannes Pudjiganian
Hovhannes ( (reformed); ( classical)), also spelled Hovhanes, Hovannes or Hovanes is Armenian for John. (Compare with Ioannes in Greek or Johannes in Latin.) People with the given name Hovannes * Hovannes Adamian (1879–1932), Soviet Armenian engineer * Hovannes Amreyan (born 1975), Armenian weightlifter * Hovannes "Ivan" Gevorkian (1907–1989), prominent Armenian surgeon and scientist Hovhannes * Hovhannes Abelian (1865–1936), Armenian actor * Hovhannes Aivazovsky, Russian Romantic painter * Hovhannes Avetisyan (1939–2000), Armenian painter * Hovhannes Avoyan (born 1965), serial entrepreneur, investor, and scholar * Hovhannes Avtandilyan (born 1978), Armenian diver * Hovhannes Azoyan (born 1967), Armenian actor and presenter * Hovhannes Babakhanyan (born 1968), Armenian-American actor and singer * Hovhannes Bachkov (born 1992), Armenian boxer * Hovhannes Badalyan (1924–2001), Armenian singer and professor * Hovhannes Bagramyan (1897–1982), Soviet Armenian mil ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Armenian Alphabet
The Armenian alphabet ( hy, Հայոց գրեր, ' or , ') is an alphabetic writing system used to write Armenian. It was developed around 405 AD by Mesrop Mashtots, an Armenian linguist and ecclesiastical leader. The system originally had 36 letters; eventually, three more were adopted. The alphabet was also in wide use in the Ottoman Empire around the 18th and 19th centuries. The Armenian word for "alphabet" is ('), named after the first two letters of the Armenian alphabet: hy, այբ ' and hy, բեն, links=no '. Armenian is written horizontally, left to right. Alphabet *Listen to the pronunciation of the letters in or in . Notes: #Primarily used in classical orthography; after the reform used word-initially and in some compound words. #Except in ով "who" and ովքեր "those (people)" in Eastern Armenian. # Iranian Armenians (who speak a subbranch of Eastern Armenian) pronounce the sound represented by this letter with a retracted tongue body : post-a ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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1873 Births
Events January–March * January 1 ** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar. ** The California Penal Code goes into effect. * January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defeat the United States Army. * February 11 – The Spanish Cortes deposes King Amadeus I, and proclaims the First Spanish Republic. * February 12 ** Emilio Castelar, the former foreign minister, becomes prime minister of the new Spanish Republic. ** The Coinage Act of 1873 in the United States is signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant; coming into effect on April 1, it ends bimetallism in the U.S., and places the country on the gold standard. * February 20 ** The University of California opens its first medical school in San Francisco. ** British naval officer John Moresby discovers the site of Port Moresby, and claims the land for Britain. * March 3 – Censorship: The United States Congress enacts the Coms ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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People From Elazığ Province
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form "people" is often used to refer to an entire nation or ethnic group (as in "a people"), and this was the original meaning of the word; it subsequently acquired its use as a plural form of ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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1915 Deaths
Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January *January – British physicist Sir Joseph Larmor publishes his observations on "The Influence of Local Atmospheric Cooling on Astronomical Refraction". *January 1 ** WWI: British Royal Navy battleship HMS ''Formidable'' is sunk off Lyme Regis, Dorset, England, by an Imperial German Navy U-boat, with the loss of 547 crew. ** Battle of Broken Hill: A train ambush near Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia, is carried out by two men (claiming to be in support of the Ottoman Empire) who are killed, together with 4 civilians. * January 5 – Joseph E. Carberry sets an altitude record of , carrying Capt. Benjamin Delahauf Foulois as a passenger, in a fixed-wing aircraft. * January 12 ** The United States House of Representatives rejects a proposal to give women the right to vote. ** ''A Fool There Was'' premières in the United States, starring Theda Bara as a '' femme fatale''; she quickly becom ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Armenians From The Ottoman Empire
Armenians ( hy, հայեր, '' hayer'' ) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian highlands of Western Asia. Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the ''de facto'' independent Artsakh. There is a wide-ranging diaspora of around five million people of full or partial Armenian ancestry living outside modern Armenia. The largest Armenian populations today exist in Russia, the United States, France, Georgia, Iran, Germany, Ukraine, Lebanon, Brazil, and Syria. With the exceptions of Iran and the former Soviet states, the present-day Armenian diaspora was formed mainly as a result of the Armenian genocide. Richard G. Hovannisian, ''The Armenian people from ancient to modern times: the fifteenth century to the twentieth century'', Volume 2, p. 421, Palgrave Macmillan, 1997. Armenian is an Indo-European language. It has two mutually intelligible spoken and written forms: Eastern Armenian, today spoken mainly in Armenia, Artsakh, Iran, and the former Soviet ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Elazığ
Elazığ () is a city in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey, and the administrative centre of Elazığ Province and Elazığ District. It is located in the uppermost Euphrates valley. The plain on which the city extends has an altitude of . Elazığ resembles an inland peninsula surrounded by the natural Lake Hazar and reservoirs of Keban Dam, Karakaya Dam, Kıralkızı and Özlüce. Its population is 443.363 (2021). Name Elazığ With the creation of the Mamuret-ul-Aziz vilayet of the Ottoman Empire, the name ''Mamuret-ul-Aziz'' came into use as a name alternative for the city. This name quickly evolved into ''al-Aziz'' ( tr, Elaziz; ku, Elezîz). In 1937, through an order from Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, this name was Turkified as ''Elazık'' (), but due to difficulties in its pronunciation, it was finally accepted as ''Elazığ''. Mezre An earlier name for the city is ''Mezre'', when Elazığ was once a suburb located on the plain below the ancient fortress town of Ha ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Donabed Lulejian
Donabed Lulejian (2 January 1875, Harput – 1917 Erzurum) was an Armenian editor and teacher in the Ottoman Empire. Biography He was a teacher at the Armenian Euphrates College in Harput, where he taught Chemistry. As following the Young Turk Revolution in 1908 the Ottoman Constitution was reinstated, the life for the Armenians improved significantly which was also the case for the education in Armenian language. Between 1909 and 1910 he wrote for the college's newspaper Yeprad (Euphrates in Armenian).Tachijan, Vahé (2015-09-28). Kieser, Hans-Lukas (ed.), p.215 He wrote about the difficulties but also the necessity of a support for an understanding between the Armenians and Turkish nations. From 1910 onwards he studied at the Universities in Yale and Cornell in the United States. As he returned to the Euphrates College in 1912, he was one of the Armenian intellectuals which emphasized the importance of the maintenance of Armenian-Turkish bonds. During the 1500th anniversary ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Battle Of Sarikamish
The Battle of Sarikamish (''Sarighamishi chakatamart''), russian: Сражение при Сарыкамыше; tr, Sarıkamış Harekatı, lit=''Operation Sarıkamış'' was an engagement between the Russian and Ottoman empires during World War I. It took place from December 22, 1914, to January 17, 1915, as part of the Caucasus campaign. The battle resulted in a Russian victory. The Ottomans employed a strategy which demanded highly mobile troops, capable of arriving at specified objectives at precise times. This approach was based both on German and Napoleonic tactics. The Ottoman troops, ill-prepared for winter conditions, suffered major casualties in the Allahuekber Mountains. Around 25,000 Ottoman soldiers froze to death before the start of the battle.Joshua A. Sanborn. Imperial Apocalypse: The Great War and the Destruction of the Russian Empire. Oxford University Press. 2014. P. 88 After the battle, Ottoman Minister of War Enver Pasha, who had planned the Ottoman str ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Ottoman Army
The military of the Ottoman Empire ( tr, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun silahlı kuvvetleri) was the armed forces of the Ottoman Empire. Army The military of the Ottoman Empire can be divided in five main periods. The foundation era covers the years between 1300 (Byzantine expedition) and 1453 ( Conquest of Constantinople), the classical period covers the years between 1451 (second enthronement of Sultan Mehmed II) and 1606 (Peace of Zsitvatorok), the reformation period covers the years between 1606 and 1826 ( Vaka-i Hayriye), the modernisation period covers the years between 1826 and 1858 and decline period covers the years between 1861 (enthronement of Sultan Abdülaziz) and 1918 (Armistice of Mudros). The Ottoman army is the forerunner of the Turkish Armed Forces. Foundation period (1300–1453) The earliest form of the Ottoman military was a steppe-nomadic cavalry force.Mesut Uyar, Edward J. Erickson, ''A Military History of the Ottomans: From Osman to Atatürk'', Pleage ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Euphrates
The Euphrates () is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia. Together with the Tigris, it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia ( ''the land between the rivers''). Originating in Turkey, the Euphrates flows through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris in the Shatt al-Arab, which empties into the Persian Gulf. Etymology The Ancient Greek form ''Euphrátēs'' ( grc, Εὐφράτης, as if from Greek εὖ "good" and φράζω "I announce or declare") was adapted from Old Persian 𐎢𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎬𐎢 ''Ufrātu'', itself from Elamite 𒌑𒅁𒊏𒌅𒅖 ''ú-ip-ra-tu-iš''. The Elamite name is ultimately derived from a name spelt in cuneiform as 𒌓𒄒𒉣 , which read as Sumerian is "Buranuna" and read as Akkadian is "Purattu"; many cuneiform signs have a Sumerian pronunciation and an Akkadian pronunciation, taken from a Sumerian word and an Akkadian word that mean the same. In Akkadian the river was called ''Puratt ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Çüngüş
Çüngüş ( ota, چونکوش, ku, Çêngûş) is a district of Diyarbakır Province of Turkey. According to Turkish government statistics, its population is 11,927 as of 2018. Çüngüş was an Armenian bishopric an Armenian Church was constructed in 1841. Besides the church a monastery was located. In 1915, Çüngüş was the site of a massacre during the Armenian genocide The Armenian genocide was the systematic destruction of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, Armenian people and identity in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Spearheaded by the ruling Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), it was ... in which around 10,000 Armenians living in the area were taken to the Dudan crevasse and murdered by being thrown into the chasm. The massacre was remembered and recorded by the local Kurdish population, and a memorial to victims of the killings was recorded in the film 100 Years Later (2016). References Kurdish settlements in Diyarbakır Province ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |