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Horseshoe Route
The Horseshoe route was a flying boat route between Sydney, Australia, and Durban, South Africa, via Singapore, Calcutta and Cairo during World War II. Mail could then be sent by sea between South Africa and Britain. Using Short Empire C Class ''S23'' and ''S33'' flying boats, British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) operated the section between Durban and Singapore while Qantas Empire Airways operated the section between Singapore and Sydney. In October 1941, Qantas took over the Karachi - Singapore section as BOAC were short of pilots. This emergency route was necessitated by Italy entering the war in June 1940, which made it impossible for mail to be flown between Britain and Egypt (and thus on to Australia or Africa) via the Mediterranean. The Horseshoe Route to Australia was suspended after the loss of Singapore in February 1942 after which it was restricted to being between Durban and Calcutta. Initial services The first Durban - Sydney and Sydney - Durban flights bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Overseas Airways Corporation And Qantas, 1940-1945
British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture * British English, the English language as spoken and written in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and, more broadly, throughout the British Isles * Celtic Britons, an ancient ethno-linguistic group * Brittonic languages, a branch of the Insular Celtic language family (formerly called British) ** Common Brittonic, an ancient language Other uses *People or things associated with: ** Great Britain, an island ** British Isles, an island group ** United Kingdom, a sovereign state ** British Empire, a historical global colonial empire ** Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1800) ** United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922) * British Raj, colonial India under the British Empire * British Hong Kong, colonial Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basra
Basra () is a port city in Iraq, southern Iraq. It is the capital of the eponymous Basra Governorate, as well as the List of largest cities of Iraq, third largest city in Iraq overall, behind Baghdad and Mosul. Located near the Iran–Iraq border at the north-easternmost extent of the Arabian Peninsula, the city is situated along the banks of the Shatt al-Arab that empties into the Persian Gulf. It is consistently one of the hottest cities in Iraq, with summer temperatures regularly exceeding . Built in 636 as a military camp, Basra played an important role as a regional hub of knowledge, trade and commerce during the Islamic Golden Age and is home to the first mosque built outside the Arabian Peninsula. It was a center of the History of slavery, slave trade in Mesopotamia, until the Zanj Rebellion, Zanj rebellion in Battle of Basra (871), 871. Historically, Basra is one of the ports from which the fictional Sinbad the Sailor embarked on his journeys. It has experienced numerou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postal History
Postal history is the study of postal systems and how they operate and, or, the study of the use of postage stamps and Cover (philately), covers and associated postal artifacts illustrating historical episodes in the development of postal systems. The term is attributed to Robson Lowe, a professional Philately, philatelist, stamp dealer and stamp auctioneer, who made the first organised study of the subject in the 1930s and described philatelists as ''"students of science"'', but postal historians as ''"students of humanity"''. More precisely, philatelists describe postal history as the study of rates, routes, markings, and means (of transport). A collecting speciality Postal history has become a philatelic collecting speciality in its own right. Whereas traditional philately is concerned with the study of the stamps ''per se'', including the technical aspects of stamp production and distribution, philatelic postal history refers to stamps as historical documents; similarly re p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Air Transport
International is an adjective (also used as a noun) meaning "between nations". International may also refer to: Music Albums * ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * ''International'' (New Order album), 2002 * ''International'' (The Three Degrees album), 1975 *''International'', 2018 album by L'Algérino Songs * The Internationale, the left-wing anthem * "International" (Chase & Status song), 2014 * "International", by Adventures in Stereo from ''Monomania'', 2000 * "International", by Brass Construction from ''Renegades'', 1984 * "International", by Thomas Leer from ''The Scale of Ten'', 1985 * "International", by Kevin Michael from ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * "International", by McGuinness Flint from ''McGuinness Flint'', 1970 * "International", by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark from '' Dazzle Ships'', 1983 * "International (Serious)", by Estelle from '' All of Me'', 2012 Politics * Internationalism (politics) * Political international, any ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airline Routes
An airline is a company that provides air transport services for traveling passengers or freight (cargo). Airlines use aircraft to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for codeshare agreements, in which they both offer and operate the same flight. Generally, airline companies are recognized with an air operating certificate or license issued by a governmental aviation body. Airlines may be scheduled or charter operators. The first airline was the German airship company DELAG, founded on November 16, 1909. The four oldest non-airship airlines that still exist are the Netherlands' KLM (1919), Colombia's Avianca (1919), Australia's Qantas (1920) and the Russian Aeroflot (1923). Airline ownership has seen a shift from mostly personal ownership until the 1930s to government-ownership of major airlines from the 1940s to 1980s and back to large-scale privatization following the mid-1980s. Since the 1980s, there has been a trend of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1940 British Straits Settlements Colonial War-time Passport Issued To A BOAC Pilot Flying On The Horseshoe Route
Year 194 ( CXCIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Septimius and Septimius (or, less frequently, year 947 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 194 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Decimus Clodius Septimius Albinus Caesar became a Roman Consul. * Battle of Issus: Septimius Severus marches with his army (12 legions) to Cilicia, and defeats Pescennius Niger, Roman governor of Syria. Pescennius retreats to Antioch, and is executed by Severus' troops. * Septimius Severus besieges Byzantium (194–196); the city walls suffer extensive damage. Asia * Battle of Yan Province: Warlords Cao Cao and Lü Bu fight for control over Yan Province; the battle lasts for over 100 days. * First year of the ''Xingping'' era during the Han Dynasty in Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Attack On Broome
The town of Broome, Western Australia, Broome, Western Australia, was attacked by Japanese fighter planes on 3 March 1942, during World War II. At least 88 civilians and Allied military personnel were killed. Although Broome was a small mother of pearl, pearling port at the time, it was also a refuelling point for aircraft, on the route between the Dutch East Indies, Netherlands East Indies and List of Australian capital cities, major Australian cities. As a result, Broome was on a line of flight for Dutch and other refugees, following the Empire of Japan, Japanese Battle of Java (1942), invasion of Java, and had become a significant Allies of World War II, Allied military base. During a two-week period in February–March 1942, more than a thousand refugees from the Dutch East Indies—many of them in flying boats, which often served as airliners at the time—passed through Broome. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broome, Western Australia
Broome, also known as Rubibi by the Yawuru, Yawuru people, is a coastal Pearl hunting, pearling and tourist town in the Kimberley (Western Australia), Kimberley region of Western Australia, north of Perth. The town recorded a population of 14,660 in the . It is the largest town in the Kimberley (Western Australia), Kimberley region. Geography Broome is located on Western Australia's tropical Kimberley coastline (Western Australia), Kimberley coast on the eastern edge of the Indian Ocean. Roebuck Bay Being situated on a north–south peninsula, Broome has water on both sides of the town. On the eastern shore are the waters of Roebuck Bay extending from the main jetty at Port Drive to Sandy Point, west of Thangoo station. Town Beach is part of the shoreline and is popular with visitors on the eastern end of the town. It is the site of the "Staircase to the Moon", where a receding tide and a rising moon combine to create a natural phenomenon that resembles a staircase reaching fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tjilatjap
Cilacap Regency (, also spelt: Chilachap, old spelling: Tjilatjap, Sundanese: ) is a regency () in the southwestern part of Central Java province in Indonesia. Its capital is the town of Cilacap, which had 263,098 inhabitants in mid 2024, spread over three administrative districts.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Kabupaten Cilacap Dalam Angka 20254'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3301) Cilacap Regency covers an area of 2,249.28 km2 (including the 115-km2 Nusakambangan Island off the south coast), and it had a population of 1,642,107 at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 1,944,857 at the 2020 Census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as at mid-2024 was 2,007,829 (comprising 1,020,920 males and 1,006,459 females).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Kabupaten Cilacap Dalam Angka 20254'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3301) The languages used in Cilacap are Javanese and Sundanese, although most people can speak In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surabaya
Surabaya is the capital city of East Java Provinces of Indonesia, province and the List of Indonesian cities by population, second-largest city in Indonesia, after Jakarta. Located on the northeastern corner of Java island, on the Madura Strait, it is one of the earliest port cities in Southeast Asia. According to the Government of Indonesia, National Development Planning Agency, Surabaya is one of the Regions of Indonesia#Development regions, four main central cities of Indonesia, alongside Jakarta, Medan, and Makassar. The city had a population of 2,874,314 within its city limits at the 2020 census.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. With 3,009,286 people living in the city as of mid 2023 (comprising 1,490,358 males and 1,518,928 females) Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Kota Surabaya Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3578) and over 10 million in the extended Surabaya metropolitan area, according to the latest official estimate, Surabaya is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andaman Islands
The Andaman Islands () are an archipelago, made up of 200 islands, in the northeastern Indian Ocean about southwest off the coasts of Myanmar's Ayeyarwady Region. Together with the Nicobar Islands to their south, the Andamans serve as a maritime boundary between the Bay of Bengal to the west and the Andaman Sea to the east. Most of the islands are part of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a Union Territory of India, while the Coco Islands and Preparis Island are part of the Yangon Region of Myanmar. The Andaman Islands are home to the Andamanese peoples, Andamanese, a group of indigenous people made up of a number of tribes, including the Jarawas (Andaman Islands), Jarawa and Sentinelese. While some of the islands can be visited with permits, entry to others, including North Sentinel Island, is banned by law. The Sentinelese are generally hostile to visitors and have had Uncontacted peoples, little contact with any other people. The Indian government and coast guard protect th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Port Blair
Port Blair (), officially named Sri Vijaya Puram, is the capital city of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a union territory of India in the Bay of Bengal. It is also the local administrative sub-division (''tehsil'') of the islands, the headquarters for the Districts of India, district of South Andaman, and the territory's only notified town. Port Blair is the entry point for the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It is connected with mainland India by both air and sea. It is a two to three-hour flight from mainland India to Port Blair's Veer Savarkar International Airport and three to four days by sea to reach Kolkata, Chennai, or Visakhapatnam from Haddo Wharf in the city. It is home to several museums and the major naval base INS Jarawa of the Indian Navy, along with sea and air bases of the Indian Coast Guard, Andaman and Nicobar Police, Andaman and Nicobar Command, the first Indian Armed Forces Tri-Service Commands, integrated tri-command between the Indian Armed Forces, Indian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
