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Hongmungwan
Hongmun'gwan (), or the Office of Special Advisors, was one of the Three Offices of Joseon; it acted as the Joseon dynasty's administrative and research agency. History Hongmun'gwan was one of the Three offices of Joseon, together with the Saheonbu and the Saganwon. It was also known as the ''Ok-dang'' (옥당, 玉堂), ''Ok-seo'' (옥서, 玉署), and ''Yeong-gak'' (영각, 瀛閣). It was established in 1463 to replace the Hall of Worthies (Jiphyeonjeon·집현전). The Hall of Worthies was the body originally tasked with answering the kings' questions, however it was abolished in 1456 by King Sejo; when many of its key officials (the " Six martyred ministers") became involved in an assassination plot in their effort to restore deposed king Danjong to the throne. The books stored in the Hall of Worthies were moved to Yemungwan. In 1463, the Jangseogak was renamed the Hongmun'gwan. In 1478, Hongmun'gwan was divided and reformed from Yemungwan. Hongmun'gwan maintaine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseon
Joseon ( ; ; also romanized as ''Chosun''), officially Great Joseon (), was a dynastic kingdom of Korea that existed for 505 years. It was founded by Taejo of Joseon in July 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in October 1897. The kingdom was founded following the aftermath of the overthrow of Goryeo in what is today the city of Kaesong. Early on, Korea was retitled and the capital was relocated to modern-day Seoul. The kingdom's northernmost borders were expanded to the natural boundaries at the rivers of Yalu River, Amnok and Tumen River, Tuman through the subjugation of the Jurchen people, Jurchens. During its 500-year duration, Joseon encouraged the entrenchment of Korean Confucianism, Confucian ideals and doctrines in Korean society. Neo-Confucianism was installed as the new state's ideology. Korean Buddhism, Buddhism was accordingly discouraged, and occasionally Buddhists faced persecution. Joseon consolidated its effective rule over the Korean peninsula and saw the he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seongjong Of Joseon
Seongjong (; 28 August 1457 – 29 January 1495), personal name Yi Hyeol (), was the ninth monarch of the Joseon, Joseon dynasty of Korea. Before succeeding his sickly uncle, Yejong of Joseon, King Yejong, he was known as Grand Prince Jalsan (). Biography Early life Yi Hyeol was born as the second son of Crown Prince Uigyeong, Crown Prince Yi Jang and Queen Insu, Crown Princess Su of the Cheongju Han clan. His father however died few months after his birth. In 1461, he was named Prince Jasan () which was changed to Prince Jalsan () in 1468. In 1467, he married Queen Gonghye, Han Song-yi, the youngest daughter of Han Myeong-hoe. One of Lady Han's older sisters was the late Queen Jangsun, Crown Princess Jangsun, first wife of Yejong of Joseon, King Yejong. Despite having an older brother and his Yejong of Joseon, uncle leaving behind a biological son, Jalsan was chosen as successor and was made the adopted son of King Yejong and his second wife, Queen Han (posthumously known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Offices Of Joseon
Three Offices, or ''Samsa'' (), is a collective name for three government offices in the Joseon dynasty that functioned as major organ of press and provided checks and balance on the king and the officials. These were Sahŏnbu (), Saganwŏn (), and Hongmun'gwan (). While modeled after the Chinese system of Censorate, they played much more prominent roles in the Joseon government than their Chinese counterparts. Some historians credit the Three Offices for the absence of abuses by eunuchs that were prevalent throughout Chinese history. The officials who served in these offices, called "daegan" (대간), tended to be younger and of lower rank compared to other offices such as the Six Ministries but had strong academic reputations and enjoyed special privileges and great prestige. To be appointed, they went through a more thorough review of character and family background. The children of officials who were impeached for corruption and children of concubines were excluded, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hall Of Worthies
The Hall of Worthies, or Jiphyeonjeon (; ), was a Korean royal research institute during the Joseon period. It was founded by King Sejong the Great in the 3rd month of 1420, and dissolved in the 6th month of 1456. The Hall of Worthies is known for its role in compiling the Hunminjeongeum, the original treatise on Hangul. History Sejong established the institution early in his reign and staffed it with talented scholars. He instructed them to conduct a variety of research activities to strengthen his rule and the nation. The Hall of Worthies originally functioned as a royal advisory body, but King Sejong restructured it and expanded its role to include academic research. Early in King Sejong's reign, the Hall of Worthies served as a legislative system, but its role eventually grew to hold discussions regarding Joseon's national policy. The Hall of Worthies would also later act as an organ of the press. The workplace of the scholars from the Hall of Worthies was located in the G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yeonsangun
Yeonsangun or Prince Yeonsan (; 23 November 1476 – 20 November 1506), personal name Yi Yung (), was the 10th monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. Often considered the worst tyrant in Joseon's history and perhaps all Korean history, he is notorious for launching two bloody purges, seizing hundreds of women from all over the peninsula to serve as palace entertainers, and appropriating Sungkyunkwan as a personal pleasure ground. Yeonsangun's despotic rule provided a stark contrast to the liberal era of his father, and as a much-despised overthrown monarch, he did not receive a temple name. Biography Execution of his mother Lady Yun, later known as the Deposed Queen Yun, served Yeonsangun's father, King Seongjong, as a concubine until the death of Queen Gonghye, Seongjong's first wife. With no heir, the king was urged by counselors to take a second wife to secure the royal succession. Lady Yun was chosen for her beauty and was formally married in 1476. Several months l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Institute Of Korean History
The National Institute of Korean History (NIKH; ) is a South Korean government organization in charge of researching, collecting, compiling, and promoting materials related to Korean history. It was established as the Office of National History () in March 1946, one year after the liberation of Korea. It changed its name to the current form in 1949. Description It is located in Gwacheon, Gyeonggi Province. As a branch of the Ministry of Education, the NIKH certifies and supervises drafts of history textbooks used in middle and high schools. It conducts educational programs for government officials and teachers of elementary, middle, and high schools. It also operates a school to train competent translators of historical documents written in classical Chinese and pre-modern Japanese. The NIKH holds and supervises the Korean History Proficiency Test four times a year, and sponsors the annual Korean History Competition among middle and high school students. The NIKH has establi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sejo Of Joseon
Sejo (; 7 November 1417 – 23 September 1468), personal name Yi Yu (), sometimes known as Grand Prince Suyang (), was the seventh monarch of the Joseon, Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was the second son of Sejong the Great and the uncle of Danjong of Joseon, King Danjong, against whom he led a ''coup d'état'' in 1453. After seizing power he killed rivals, including his brother, Grand Prince Anpyeong. During his reign, he strengthened the monarchy, reformed administration, suppressed rebellions, and led campaigns against the Jurchen people, Jurchens. He revised land laws, promoted literature, and established court music. His Gyeongguk daejeon, Grand Code for State Administration became Joseon's foundational legal framework. Biography Early life Born in 1417 as the fourth child and second son of Grand Prince Chungnyeong (future Sejong the Great, King Sejong) by his primary wife, Lady Shim of the Cheongsong Shim clan (future Queen Soheon), he showed great ability at archery, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Six Martyred Ministers
The six martyred ministers or Sayuksin () were six ministers of the Joseon Dynasty who were executed by King Sejo in 1456 for plotting to assassinate him and restore the former king Danjong to the throne. The Six were Sŏng Sammun, Pak Paeng-nyeon, Ha Wi-ji, Yi Kae, Yu Ŭngbu, and Yu Sŏngwŏn. Most were members of the Hall of Worthies, a royal research institute, who had been appointed by King Sejong. Both King Sejong and King Munjong had charged them with looking after King Danjong (son and grandson respectively), and they reacted with outrage to Sejo's usurpation of the throne in 1455. Together with Kim Chil, they plotted a coup to coincide with the visit of a Ming Dynasty envoy. When the banquet and subsequently the assassination plot were postponed, Kim Chil lost his heart and betrayed the plot to his father-in-law, who reported to Sejo. The Six except Yu Sŏngwŏn, who committed suicide with his wife, were seized and tortured. Sejo felt deeply betrayed for he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danjong Of Joseon
Danjong (; 18 August 1441 – 17 November 1457), personal name Yi Hong-wi (), was the sixth monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He succeeded his father King Munjong in 1452, but was forced to abdicate by his uncle, Grand Prince Suyang (future King Sejo) in 1455. Two years later, he was put to death after a period of exile to Yeongwol. Biography The future Danjong was born during the reign of his grandfather, King Sejong. His mother, Crown Princess Consort Gwon (posthumously honored as Queen Hyeondeok), didn't recover after giving birth and died the next day. He had one older sister, Princess Gyeonghye, and one older half-sister, Princess Gyeongsuk. In 1452, Yi Hong-wi succeeded his father, King Munjong, at the age of 12. Since he was too young to rule, the governing of the country fell to Chief State Councillor Hwangbo In, and Left State Councillor General Kim Chongsŏ, along with Princess Gyeonghye acting as his guardian. In 1453, this government was overthr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
