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History Of Public Health In Chicago
The History of public health in Chicago is characterized by multiple interacting political, economic, social and medical trends of the last two centuries. Bad sanitation for polluted water caused much of the disease and death in the 19th century. Many Chicagoans distrusted hospitals and relied on folk remedies. Finally large-scale projects cleaned up the streets and neighborhoods, and health providers realized they needed to keep washing their hands. A strong network of hospitals emerged with broad support. As late as 1900, the leading causes of death were History of tuberculosis, tuberculosis, pneumonia, chronic diarrhea of infancy, and gastroenteritis—largely the afflictions of infants, children, and in the case of tuberculosis, young adults. The population had grown largely by the immigration of young people from Europe, which continued until 1914, when the world war ended civilian travel. After 1914, the population largely stabilized and grew older. Medical cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Tuberculosis
The history of tuberculosis encompasses the origins, evolution, and spread of tuberculosis (TB) throughout human history, as well as the development of medical understanding, treatments, and control methods for this ancient disease. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' complex (MTBC). Throughout history, tuberculosis has been known by differing names, including consumption, phthisis, and the White Plague. Paleopathological evidence finds tuberculosis in humans since at least the Neolithic (approximately 10,000-11,000 years ago), with molecular studies suggesting a much earlier emergence and co-evolution with humans. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that the TB originated in Africa and evolved alongside human populations for tens of thousands of years. The disease spread globally through human migrations, adapting to different human populations and eventually developing into several distinct lineages with varying geograph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herman Bundesen
Herman Niels Bundesen (April 27, 1882August 25, 1960) was a German-American medical professional, politician, and author. He served two tenures as the chief health official of the city of Chicago, holding this role for more than 34 years in total. He also was elected Cook County coroner. In 1936 Illinois gubernatorial election, 1936, he ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party nomination for governor of Illinois. Respected in his field, Bundesen was also known for his flamboyance. He was seen to desire celebrity, taking many opportunities for media photo ops. In addition to his tenure as Cook County Coroner and his long service as Chicago's top health official, he also served as president of the American Public Health Association and as a senior surgeon with the United States Public Health Service. Early life Herman Neils Bundesen was born on April 27, 1882, in Berlin, Germany. He was born to a Danish father and German mother. He was brought ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chicago Department Of Public Health
The Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) is a government department of the City of Chicago. The purpose of the CDPH is to create a thriving and healthy community within the city of Chicago, Illinois by providing guidance, services and strategies. This includes promoting values of diversity, excellence, informed decision making, and teamwork within all residents and smaller communities within the city. History The Chicago Department of Public Health was established in a 1876 reorganization of the city's health apparatus. In 1975, the Chicago City Council revised the city's municipal code to make it clear that the nine-member Chicago Board of Health was the policy-making body for health and the Chicago Department of Health is the agency which administers the city's health programs and enforces regulations. Previously, when the Board of Health and Department of Public Health had both been under the leadership of Herman Bundesen, many of their functions merged. This 1976 change ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chicago Area Water Quality
Ever since Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837, it has faced multiple issues concerning water quality to accommodate its growing size, driven by the city's ideal geography and accessibility to one of the largest bodies of fresh water, the Great Lakes. The City of Chicago has implemented multiple proposals and plans such as the Master Drainage Plan and Tunnel and Reservoir Plan to combat the increasing water quality issue and move in a more environmentally friendly direction. These plans will construct spillways to temporarily store overfilling sewage or stormwater and clean it before releasing it. However, it wasn't until 2015 that Chicago began to treat sewage and stormwater runoff, thus finally shedding its title as the last major city not to treat its sewage before being discharged into its waterways. Master Drainage Plan According to Macaitis (1985), the initial main concern around water quality stemmed from the constant drainage of sewage into the Chicago River and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bechara Choucair
Bechara Choucair (Arabic: بشارة شقير) is a Lebanese-American physician and public health advisor who is the chief community health officer of Kaiser Permanente. He was the senior vice president of safety net and community health at Trinity Health and served as the commissioner of the Chicago Department of Public Health from 2009 to 2014. Early life and education Choucair was born in Beirut. He earned a Bachelor of Science in chemistry and Doctor of Medicine from the American University of Beirut. He then earned a Master of Science degree in healthcare management from the University of Texas at Dallas. Career Chicago Department of Public Health Choucair was appointed as commissioner of the Chicago Department of Public Health on November 25, 2009, by Richard M. Daley, and reappointed by Rahm Emanuel upon his election. He stepped down from the post in December 2014. Together with Mayor Emanuel, Choucair launched Healthy Chicago in August 2011, the City's first co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rahm Emanuel
Rahm Israel Emanuel (; born November 29, 1959) is an American politician, advisor, diplomat, and former investment banker who most recently served as List of ambassadors of the United States to Japan, United States ambassador to Japan from 2022 to 2025. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he represented Illinois in the U.S. House of Representatives for three terms from 2003 to 2009. He was the White House Chief of Staff, White House chief of staff from 2009 to 2010 under President Barack Obama and served as mayor of Chicago from 2011 to 2019. Born in Chicago, Emanuel is a graduate of Sarah Lawrence College and Northwestern University. Early in his career, Emanuel served as director of the finance committee for Bill Clinton's Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign, 1992 presidential campaign. In 1993, he joined the Presidency of Bill Clinton, Clinton administration, where he served as assistant to the president for political affairs and as Senior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medicaid
Medicaid is a government program in the United States that provides health insurance for adults and children with limited income and resources. The program is partially funded and primarily managed by U.S. state, state governments, which also have wide latitude in determining eligibility and benefits, but the federal government sets baseline standards for state Medicaid programs and provides a significant portion of their funding. States are not required to participate in the program, although all have since 1982. Medicaid was established in 1965, part of the Great Society set of programs during Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson, President Lyndon B. Johnson’s Administration, and was significantly expanded by the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which was passed in 2010. In most states, any member of a household with income up to 138% of the federal Poverty line in the United States#Measures of poverty, poverty line qualifies for Medicaid coverage under the provisions of the ACA. A 201 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medicare (United States)
Medicare is a federal health insurance program in the United States for people age 65 or older and younger people with disabilities, including those with End Stage Renal Disease Program, end stage renal disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease). It started in 1965 under the Social Security Administration and is now administered by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Medicare is divided into four parts: A, B, C and D. Part A covers hospital, skilled nursing, and hospice services. Part B covers outpatient services. Part D covers self-administered prescription drugs. Part C is an alternative that allows patients to choose private plans with different benefit structures that provide the same services as Parts A and B, usually with additional benefits. In 2022, Medicare provided health insurance for 65.0 million individuals—more than 57 million people aged 65 and older and about 8 million younger people. According to annual Medicare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cook County Hospital
The John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County (shortened ''Stroger Hospital'', formerly Cook County Hospital) is a public hospital in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is part of Cook County Health, along with Provident Hospital of Cook County and several related centers, which provides public primary, specialty, and tertiary healthcare services to residents of Cook County, Illinois. Cook County Health also includes CountyCare, a Medicaid managed care plan. Cook County Hospital was founded 1832, and became an innovative teaching hospital. In 2001–2002, it moved into new quarters adjacent to its historic Beaux-Arts complex in the Illinois Medical District and was renamed for hospital board president John Stroger Jr. Facility and location Stroger employs 300 attending physicians and over 400 fellows and residents. It has of floor space, and 464 beds. It is located at 1901 W. Harrison Street, and is a part of the 305 acre (1.2 km2) Illinois Medical District on Chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provident Hospital (Chicago)
Provident Hospital of Cook County (formerly Provident Hospital and Training School) is a public hospital in Chicago, Chicago, Illinois that was the first African Americans, African-American-run hospital in the United States. History Provident Hospital was founded in 1891 by Daniel Hale Williams, Dr. Daniel Hale Williams after Emma Ann Reynolds, Emma Reynolds, a Chicago woman, was denied admission to Cook County School of Nursing because she was Black. Williams garnered financial support from Chicago’s Black community and White philanthropists, such as Philip Danforth Armour, Philip Armour, Timothy Blackstone, T.B. Blackstone, and George Pullman, to open a twelve bed hospital on Chicago’s south side that would train Black nurses.Watkins, R C. “A new Provident Hospital.” ''Journal of the National Medical Association'' vol. 87,5 (1995): 337-8. The hospital in 1898 moved to a larger facility. The support of philanthropists mainly stemmed from the fact that it required a healt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Sinai Medical Center
Mount Sinai Hospital, formerly at times known as Mount Sinai Medical Center, is a 319-bed major urban hospital in Chicago, Illinois, with its main campus located adjacent to Douglass Park at 15th Street and California Avenue on the city's West Side. The hospital was established in 1912 under the name Maimonides Hospital, with a mission of serving poor immigrants from Europe while providing training to Jewish physicians, primarily of Eastern European descent. After a period of financial difficulty, it closed in 1918, and was reopened as "Mount Sinai Hospital" in 1919, with 60 beds and continuing its original mission. History The second Jewish hospital to be established in the city, Mount Sinai Hospital differed from Michael Reese Hospital, which had been established in 1881 on Chicago's South Side primarily by German Jews, whereas Mount Sinai was founded by Eastern European Jews. Unlike other hospitals, Mount Sinai had a kosher kitchen. Morris Kurtzon sought to provide the Wes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Reese Hospital
Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center was an American hospital located in the Bronzeville neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. Founded in 1881, Michael Reese Hospital was a major research and teaching hospital and one of the oldest and largest hospitals in Chicago, Illinois. It was located at 2929 S. Ellis Avenue on the near south side of Chicago, next to Lake Shore Drive ( U.S. Route 41) which lies along Lake Michigan. The hospital closed its Internal Medicine Residency at the end of the 2007–2008 academic year and finished transferring patients to Mercy Hospital and Medical Center before the end of 2008. The 48-acre campus was then vacated by January 2009. From 2007 to its closing, Michael Reese had been owned by Envision Hospital Corporation of Scottsdale, Arizona. The hospital officially closed August 31, 2009. At one time, the hospital had a large health plan which included 300,000 patients; at the time of the hospital's closure the health plan was terminated and it onl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
