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Hispano-Flemish Style
Hispano-Flemish style is a term coined by the Spanish art historian Elías Tormo to designate works of art produced in Spain in a hybrid style that shows elements of Northern Renaissance artistic innovations together with elements of medieval Iberian artistic traditions, predominantly Mudéjar. Artworks Such works could be produced both by Flemish artists employed on projects in the Iberian peninsula, and by Iberian artists whose training or inspiration shows Northern influence. Particularly major works in this style were created in the late 15th and early 16th centuries, especially during the reign of Isabel I of Castile. These notably include Funerary art#Christianity, tombs, funerary chapels, sculpture, choir stalls, stained glass, and panel paintings influenced by Early Netherlandish painting.Jessica WeissReview of Ronda Kasl, ''The Making of Hispano-Flemish Style'' in Historians of Netherlandish Art Reviews. Artists Artists in the Hispano-Flemish style include the painters Fern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Art Historian
Art history is the study of aesthetic objects and visual expression in historical and stylistic context. Traditionally, the discipline of art history emphasized painting, drawing, sculpture, architecture, ceramics and decorative arts; yet today, art history examines broader aspects of visual culture, including the various visual and conceptual outcomes related to an ever-evolving definition of art. Art history encompasses the study of objects created by different cultures around the world and throughout history that convey meaning, importance or serve usefulness primarily through visual representations. As a discipline, art history is distinguished from art criticism, which is concerned with establishing a relative artistic value upon individual works with respect to others of comparable style or sanctioning an entire style or movement; and art theory or " philosophy of art", which is concerned with the fundamental nature of art. One branch of this area of study is aesthetics, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Netherlandish Painting
Early Netherlandish painting, traditionally known as the Flemish Primitives, refers to the work of artists active in the Burgundian and Habsburg Netherlands during the 15th- and 16th-century Northern Renaissance period. It flourished especially in the cities of Bruges, Ghent, Mechelen, Leuven, Tournai and Brussels, all in present-day Belgium. The period begins approximately with Robert Campin and Jan van Eyck in the 1420s and lasts at least until the death of Gerard David in 1523,Spronk (1996), 7 although many scholars extend it to the start of the Dutch Revolt in 1566 or 1568– Max J. Friedländer's acclaimed surveys run through Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Early Netherlandish painting coincides with the Early and High Italian Renaissance, but the early period (until about 1500) is seen as an independent artistic evolution, separate from the Renaissance humanism that characterised developments in Italy. Beginning in the 1490s, as increasing numbers of Netherlandish and o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Art
Spanish art has been an important contributor to Western art and Spain has produced many famous and influential artists including Velázquez, Goya and Picasso. Spanish art was particularly influenced by France and Italy during the Baroque and Neoclassical periods, but Spanish art has often had very distinctive characteristics, partly explained by the Moorish heritage in Spain (especially in Andalusia), and through the political and cultural climate in Spain during the Counter-Reformation and the subsequent eclipse of Spanish power under the Bourbon dynasty. The prehistoric art of Spain had many important periods-it was one of the main centres of European Upper Paleolithic art and the rock art of the Spanish Levant in the subsequent periods. In the Iron Age large parts of Spain were a centre for Celtic art, and Iberian sculpture has a distinct style, partly influenced by coastal Greek settlements. Spain was conquered by the Romans by 200 BC and Rome was rather smoothly re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hannequin De Bruselas
Hanequin de Bruxelles (Flanders, unknown date – Toledo, 1494) was a 15th-century Flemish architect and sculptor. He is considered to have introduced the Flemish Gothic style and the Hispano-Flemish style in Toledo. Biography He arrived in Spain in 1440 and settled in Toledo to work as a general contractor in Toledo Cathedral between 1448 and 1470. Among other things, he was in charge of building the Portal of the Lions. He finished the cathedral tower and it is possible that he built the Chapel of Álvaro de Luna and also of his brother, both of which can be found inside the cathedral. Therefore, it is quite likely that he was also involved in the construction of Escalona Castle. He worked alongside his brother Egas Cueman on the chapter house of Cuenca Cathedral in 1454. Furthermore, he probably restored the choir of the same cathedral based on his previous works in Toledo. Hannequin also worked on the chapel of Master Pedro Girón. It is quite likely that he created the fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gil De Siloe
Gil or GIL may refer to: Places * Gil Island (other), one of several islands by that name * Gil, Iran, a village in Hormozgan Province, Iran * Hil, Azerbaijan, also spelled ''Gil, a village in Azerbaijan * Hiloba, also spelled ''Gil, a village in Azerbaijan People *Gil (given name) *Gil (surname) *Gil (footballer, born 1950), Brazilian footballer, Gilberto Alves *Gil (footballer, born June 1987), Brazilian footballer, Carlos Gilberto Nascimento Silva *Gil (footballer, born September 1987), Brazilian footballer, José Gildeixon Clemente de Paiva *Gil (footballer, born 1991), Brazilian footballer, Givanilton Martins Ferreira * José Gildeixon Clemente de Paiva (1987–2016), Brazilian footballer *Gil Gomes (born 1972), Portuguese retired footballer *Gilberto Ribeiro Gonçalves (born 1980), Brazilian footballer * Gilmelândia (born 1975), Brazilian singer known as "Gil" * Gill (musician) (born 1977), South Korean singer Fiction * Gil, a non-canon ''Star Trek'' Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan De Flandes
Juan de Flandes ("John of Flanders"; c. 1460 – by 1519) was a Flemish painter active in Spain from 1496 to 1519. His actual name is unknown, although an inscription ''Juan Astrat'' on the back of one work suggests a name such as "Jan van der Straat". Jan Sallaert, who became a master in Ghent in 1480, has also been suggested. He worked in the Early Netherlandish style. Life and works He may have been born around 1460 somewhere in Flanders, ''Flandes'' in Spanish, which encompassed modern Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg and bordering regions of France. He evidently trained in his home country, most likely in Ghent, as his work shows similarities to that of Joos van Wassenhove, Hugo van der Goes and other Ghent artists. He is only documented after he became an artist at the court of Queen Isabella I of Castile, where he is first mentioned in the accounts in 1496. He is described as "court painter" by 1498 and continued in the queen's service until her death in 1504. He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro Berruguete
Pedro Berruguete (c. 1450 – 1504) was a Spanish painter whose art is regarded as a transitional style between gothic and Renaissance art. Berruguete most famously created paintings of the first few years of the Inquisition and of religious imagery for Castilian retablos. He is considered by some as the first Renaissance painter in Spain. He was the father of Alonso Berruguete, considered the most important sculptor of the Spanish Renaissance. Because of the fame accrued by Alonso, Pedro Berruguete is sometimes referred to as Berruguete el Viejo ("Berruguete the Older") to differentiate between the two. It is speculated that Pedro travelled to Italy in 1480 and worked in the court of Federico III da Montefeltro in Urbino, where he could have seen some works by Melozzo da Forlì. The '' Portrait of Federico da Montefeltro with His Son Guidobaldo'' (c. 1475), now at the Galleria nazionale delle Marche, has been attributed to Berruguete by some art historians but the Flemish pai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartolomé Bermejo
Bartolomé Bermejo ( 1440 – c.1501) was a Spanish painter who adopted Flemish painting techniques and conventions. Born in Cordoba, he is known for his work in the Crown of Aragon, including the Principality of Catalonia and the Kingdom of Valencia. His real name was Bartolomé de Cárdenas: the name Bermejo, which means auburn in Spanish, possibly relates to his hair colour. Bermejo may relate also to his name, Cardenas; Cardeno means purplish. Biography According to the inscription "OPUS.BARTOLOMEI.VERMEIO.CORDUBENSIS' on the frame of his most famous painting, Canon Lluís Desplà's ''Pietà'', Bermejo was born in Córdoba. This theory has been recently cast into doubt, for there is no documentary or stylistic evidence of his presence there. Documentation places his activity in four cities of the Crown of Aragon: Valencia (1468), Daroca (1474), Zaragoza (1477–84) and Barcelona (1486–1501). Though Bermejo was possibly not a converso himself, he did marry one: the Dar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernando Gallego
Fernando Gallego ( 1440 – 1507) was a Castillan painter, and his art is generally regarded as Hispano-Flemish in style. Gallego was likely born in Salamanca, Spain, and worked throughout Castile and Extremadura, most notably in Ciudad Rodrigo, Plasencia, Toro, and Zamora. Much of his biography has been traced through attributions of his work, but few details are known. The last time he was referred to in a document which implied he was still alive was in 1507, but the date of his death is unknown. Some works thought to be Fernando Gallego's are likely instead Francisco Gallego's, such as ''San Acacius and the 10,000 Martyrs'' and the Getty Museum's ''Pietà''. Francisco is known to have worked in Fernando's workshop, but their relationship is unknown. Style and Subject Matter Nothing definite is known about Gallego's artistic training, but his naturalistic handling of form and technical style strongly link him to Flemish painting, especially the artist Rogier van der Wey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panel Painting
A panel painting is a painting made on a flat panel of wood, either a single piece or a number of pieces joined together. Until canvas became the more popular support medium in the 16th century, panel painting was the normal method, when not painting directly onto a wall ( fresco) or on vellum (used for miniatures in illuminated manuscripts). Wood panels were also used for mounting vellum paintings. History Panel painting is very old; it was a very prestigious medium in Greece and Rome, but only very few examples of ancient panel paintings have survived. A series of 6th century BC painted tablets from Pitsa (Greece) represent the oldest surviving Greek panel paintings. Most classical Greek paintings that were famous in their day seem to have been of a size comparable to smaller modern works – perhaps up to a half-length portrait size. However, for a generation in the second quarter of the fifth-century BC there was a movement, called the "new painting" and led by Polygnotus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elías Tormo
Elías Tormo y Monzó (1869–1957) was a Spanish art historian. Life Tormo was born in Albaida (Valencia), on 23 June 1869. He studied Law in Valencia and Arts in Madrid, becoming a professor at the University of Santiago de Compostela. In 1903 he moved to Universidad Central (now Complutense University of Madrid) to take up the first professorship in Art History ever to be established in Spain. He eventually became rector of the university. Together with Manuel Gómez-Moreno Martínez he founded the journal '' Archivo Español de Arte y Arqueología''. He was a member of the Real Academia de la Historia and of the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. He also served in public office as a parliamentarian (1903-5, 1907-23, 1927-30, 1949-52), and as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts (1930-31). In 1924 Alfonso XIII did away with the distinction between state and personal arms by combining the two. Elías Tormo was the author of the reform, he took the arms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stained Glass
Stained glass is coloured glass as a material or works created from it. Throughout its thousand-year history, the term has been applied almost exclusively to the windows of churches and other significant religious buildings. Although traditionally made in flat panels and used as windows, the creations of modern stained glass artists also include three-dimensional structures and sculpture. Modern vernacular usage has often extended the term "stained glass" to include domestic leadlight, lead light and ''objet d'art, objets d'art'' created from came glasswork, foil glasswork exemplified in the famous lamps of Louis Comfort Tiffany. As a material ''stained glass'' is glass that has been coloured by adding Salt (chemistry), metallic salts during its manufacture, and usually then further decorating it in various ways. The coloured glass is crafted into ''stained glass windows'' in which small pieces of glass are arranged to form patterns or pictures, held together (traditionally) by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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