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Hifzullah Khan
Hifzullah Khan was a Punjabi Muslim Mughal administrator who was appointed governor of several Mughal provinces during the reign of Aurangzeb Alamgir in the late 17th century. He was a son of the famous Mughal Grand Vizier Sa'adullah Khan. He remained the Naib Subahdar of Punjab, Subahdar of Kashmir and later Sindh, where he died. He was paternal grandfather of the Nizam of Hyderabad, Muhyi ad-Din Muzaffar Jang Hidayat Muhyi ad-Din Muzaffar Jang Hidayat (died 13 February 1751) was the third Nizam of Hyderabad, Nizam of Hyderabad State, Hyderabad from 1750 until his death in 1751. He had taken up the title of ''Nawab Khan Bahadur, Muzaffar Jung, Nawab Subada .... Campaigns During the tenure of Hifzullah Khan as the Governor of Kashmir, the Raja of Jammu broke out into open revolt against Mughals. He was reduced to submission by Hifzullah Khan. References {{Reflist Mughal nobility 17th-century Mughal Empire people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was an Early modern period, early modern empire in South Asia. At its peak, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus River Basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the northwest, and Kashmir in the north, to the highlands of present-day Assam and Bangladesh in the east, and the uplands of the Deccan Plateau in South India.. Quote: "The realm so defined and governed was a vast territory of some , ranging from the frontier with Central Asia in northern Afghanistan to the northern uplands of the Deccan plateau, and from the Indus basin on the west to the Assamese highlands in the east." The Mughal Empire is conventionally said to have been founded in 1526 by Babur, a Tribal chief, chieftain from what is today Uzbekistan, who employed aid from the neighboring Safavid Iran, Safavid and Ottoman Empires Quote: "Babur then adroitly gave the Ottomans his promise not to attack them in return for their military aid, which he received in the form of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mughal Kashmir
The Sarkar of Kashmir (Persian: ), later the Subah of Kashmir (Persian: ), was a province of the Mughal Empire encompassing the Kashmir region, now divided between Pakistan (Muzaffarabad division) and India (Kashmir division). It was separated from the Kabul Subah and was made into an imperial province under administrative reforms carried out by emperor Shah Jahan in 1648. The province ceased to exist when Durrani forces, under Ahmed Shah Abdali, entered Kashmir in 1752 and captured Quli Khan, the last Mughal Subahdar. Geography The Kashmir Subah was bordered on the north by the Maqpon Kingdom of Baltistan, to the east by the Namgyal Kingdom of Ladakh, to the west by the Kabul Subah, the south by Lahore Subah, and to the south east by the semi autonomous hill states of Jammu. List of governors * Qulich Kulbah Khan () * Ahmad Beg Khan () * Zaffar Khan () * Ali Mardan Khan Ali Mardan Khan (; died 2 April 1657) was a Kurdish military leader and administrator, serving un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monarch
A monarch () is a head of stateWebster's II New College Dictionary. "Monarch". Houghton Mifflin. Boston. 2001. p. 707. Life tenure, for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch may exercise the highest authority and power in the Sovereign state, state, or others may wield that power on behalf of the monarch. Usually, a monarch either personally inheritance, inherits the lawful right to exercise the state's sovereign rights (often referred to as ''the throne'' or ''the Crown, the crown'') or is elective monarchy, selected by an established process from a family or cohort eligible to provide the nation's monarch. Alternatively, an individual may self-proclaimed monarchy, proclaim oneself monarch, which may be backed and Legitimacy (political), legitimated through acclamation, right of conquest or a combination of means. If a young child is crowned the monarch, then a regent is often appointed to govern until the monarch reaches the requisi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aurangzeb
Alamgir I (Muhi al-Din Muhammad; 3 November 1618 – 3 March 1707), commonly known by the title Aurangzeb, also called Aurangzeb the Conqueror, was the sixth Mughal emperors, Mughal emperor, reigning from 1658 until his death in 1707, becoming the second longest-ruling emperor of Hindustan (48 years and 7 months). Under his reign, the Mughal Empire reached its greatest extent, with territory spanning nearly the entirety of the Indian subcontinent. Aurangzeb and the Mughals belonged to a branch of the Timurid dynasty. He held administrative and military posts under his father Shah Jahan () and gained recognition as an accomplished military commander. Aurangzeb served as the viceroy of the Viceroy of the Deccan, Deccan in 1636–1637 and the governor of Gujarat under Mughal Empire, Gujarat in 1645–1647. He jointly administered the provinces of Subah of Multan, Multan and Sind State, Sindh in 1648–1652 and continued expeditions into the neighboring Safavid Iran, Safavid ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sind State
The Thatta Sarkar (1593–1629), Thatta Subah (1629–1737) or Sind State (1737–1843), also referred to as Scinde or Sindh, was a Mughal Sarkar later a Subah, then a proto-state, and lastly a princely state in the Sindh region of the Indian subcontinent until its annexation by the East India Company in 1843. The name Sind (), now obsolete, was once the anglicized name of the state, which was also adopted by the British to refer to its division. Geography The Thatta Subah was bordered to the north by the Multan Subah, to the west by the Safavid Empire and later the Khanate of Kalat, to the east by the Ajmer Subah and to the south by the Gujarat Subah and the Arabian Sea. History After the Mughal conquest of Sindh, the area was ruled from 1593 to 1629 by a Hakim, who was directly appointed by the Mughal Emperor from Delhi despite Thatta being a Sarkar (Division) of the Multan Subah. The Sarkar was predominantly (but not entirely) influenced by the Tarkhan dynasty wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjabi Muslims
Punjabi Muslims are Punjabis who are adherents of Islam. With a population of more than 112 million, they are the third-largest predominantly Islam-adhering Muslims, Muslim ethnicity in the world, after Arab Muslims, Arabs and Bengali Muslims, Bengalis. The majority of Punjabi Muslims are adherents of Sunni Islam, while a minority adhere to Shia Islam. Most of them are primarily geographically native to the Pakistani province of Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab, but a large group of them have ancestry across the Punjab, Punjab region as a whole. Punjabi Muslims speak or Identity (social science), identify with the Punjabi language (under a Arabic script, Perso-Arabic script known as Shahmukhi alphabet, Shahmukhi) as their First language, mother tongue. Identity The coalescence of the various tribes, castes and the inhabitants of the Punjab region into a broader common "Punjabi" identity initiated from the onset of the 16th century CE. However, Punjab as a linguistic, geographical and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Mughal Grand Viziers
The Grand Vizier of Hindustan (Hindustani language, Hindustani: ) was the highest ranking minister in the Mughal Empire and the chief adviser to the emperor himself. The position acted as the de facto head of government of the Mughal Empire and had responsibility for leading the ministers of the Empire. This is the list of grand viziers (''vazīr-e azam'') of the Mughal Empire. History The seniormost official under the Mughals, or the Prime Minister, held different titles such as ''Vakil, Vakil-us-Sultanat, Wazir, Diwan, Diwan-i-Ala and Diwan Wazir'' under different Mughal emperors. Under Babur and Humayun, the institution of the wazirat was not fully developed owing to a lack of an entrenched nobility and political upheaval. Nonetheless, individuals under both rulers did rise to positions equivalent to the position of prime minister and under Humayun reforms were first attempted to clarify the roles of Vakil and Wazir. In the early years of Akbar's reign, the position of prime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saadullah Khan (Mughal Empire)
Sa'adullah Khan, also spelled Sadullah Khan ( – April 1656) was the Grand Vizier and Vakil-i-Mutlaq of the Mughal Empire during the reign of Shah Jahan. Biography Sa'adullah Khan was born in Chiniot, Lahore Subah Lahore ( ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Pakistani province of Punjab. It is the second-largest city in Pakistan, after Karachi, and 27th largest in the world, with a population of over 14 million. Lahore is one of Pakistan ..., into a Punjabi family from the Thaheem (tribe), Thahim tribe of Jats in 1591. He was introduced at the Mughal Court in December 1641 by Sadr Musavi, the Government of the Mughal Empire#Law, ''sadr as-sudur''; an allowance was fixed for him and he was given a robe and a horse. Soon he was appointed as the Arz-I-Mukarrar of the Empire and was awarded the rank of 1000 Zat and 200 Sawar. After serving for a short period in this prestigious post he was given the post of ''darogha-i-daulat khana-i-khas'' and rewarded wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjab
Punjab (; ; also romanised as Panjāb or Panj-Āb) is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia. It is located in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of modern-day eastern Pakistan and northwestern India. Pakistan's major cities in Punjab are Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Multan, Sialkot, and Bahawalpur, while India’s are Ludhiana, Amritsar, Chandigarh, Jalandhar, Patiala, Mohali, and Bathinda. Punjab grew out of the settlements along the five rivers, which served as an important route to the Near East as early as the ancient Indus Valley civilization, dating back to , followed by migrations of the Indo-Aryan peoples. Agriculture has been the chief economic feature of the Punjab and formed the foundation of Punjabi culture. The Punjab emerged as an important agricultural region, especially following the Green Revolution during the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s, and has been described as the " breadbask ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kashmir
Kashmir ( or ) is the Northwestern Indian subcontinent, northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term ''Kashmir'' denoted only the Kashmir Valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range. The term has since also come to encompass a larger area that includes the Indian-administered territories of Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, the Pakistani-administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan, and the Chinese-administered territories of Aksai Chin and the Trans-Karakoram Tract. Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent. It is bounded by the Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang to the northeast and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the east (both parts of China), by the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south, by Pakistan to the west, and by Afghanistan to the northwest. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sindh
Sindh ( ; ; , ; abbr. SD, historically romanized as Sind (caliphal province), Sind or Scinde) is a Administrative units of Pakistan, province of Pakistan. Located in the Geography of Pakistan, southeastern region of the country, Sindh is the third-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the Demographics of Pakistan, second-largest province by population after Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab. It is bordered by the Pakistani provinces of Balochistan, Pakistan, Balochistan to the west and north-west and Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab to the north. It shares an India-Pakistan border, International border with the Indian states of Gujarat and Rajasthan to the east; it is also bounded by the Arabian Sea to the south. Sindh's landscape consists mostly of alluvial plains flanking the Indus River, the Thar Desert of Sindh, Thar Desert in the eastern portion of the province along the India–Pakistan border, international border with India, and the Kirthar Mountains in the western portion of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
