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Hetzner
Hetzner Online GmbH is a company and data center operator based in Gunzenhausen, Bavaria, in Germany. History Hetzner Online GmbH began operations in Germany in 1997 under the name Hetzner Online Services. Between 2000 and 2015, Hetzner Online in Germany operated under the legal status AG ("Aktiengesellschaft"). In 2015, it changed its legal status to GmbH. In addition, Hetzner Online expanded its chief executive team with Stephan Konvickova and Günther Müller at the beginning of the year 2019. The company is named after its founder Martin Hetzner. Hetzner Online owns and operates four data center parks in Nuremberg and Falkenstein (Germany), Tuusula (Finland), Ashburn, Virginia (United States), and Hillsboro, Oregon (United States). In 2024, Hetzner expanded its global footprint with a new data center in Singapore (Singapore). In addition, Hetzner Online is a co-investor in the Cinia C-Lion1 project, which connected Helsinki and Rostock, Germany together with a 1,100 km ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xneelo
Xneelo (Pty) Ltd, formerly Hetzner (Pty) Ltd, is a web hosting company based in South Africa. It was sometimes called Hetzner South Africa to distinguish it from the German partner company Hetzner Online GmbH. The company announced a rebrand to xneelo in July 2019. History Hetzner South Africa was co-founded in 1999 by Hans Wencke and Martin Hetzner. Its headquarters are located in Durbanville, just outside Cape Town, with data centre facilities in Samrand (Gauteng) and Newlands (Cape Town).Corporate Research Foundation, 2003. Top ICT Companies in SA. 3rd Revised edition. Corporate Research Foundation Publishing In March 2000, Hetzner's hosting accounts were transferred to co-located servers in the (then) UUNET data centre, Great Westerford Building, Newlands, Cape Town. In 2003, the company established its head office at Frazzitta Business Park, Durbanville. In 2004, the company established a data centre in Gauteng. In 2009, Hetzner hosted over 130,000 domains for approximatel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C-Lion1
C-Lion1 is a submarine communications cable between Finland and Germany. The cable is owned and operated by the Finnish telecommunications and IT services company Cinia Oy. It is the first direct communications cable between Finland and Central Europe; previous connections have been through Sweden and Denmark. The cable was damaged in November 2024, taking the cable offline between November 18 and November 28. Some officials suspect the damaging was an act of sabotage. The connection was offline again between December 25, 2024 and January 6, 2025 in connection with the 2024 Estlink 2 incident. The cable is long and has eight fiber pairs with a design capacity of 120 Tbit/s and a maximum capacity of 144 Tbit/s. History Alcatel Submarine Networks commenced the installation of the cable in October 2015, completing the process in January 2016. The cable entered commercial operation in May 2016. In October 2017, a network switch was installed to the Finnish port city of Hank ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiber Optic
An optical fiber, or optical fibre, is a flexible glass or plastic fiber that can transmit light from one end to the other. Such fibers find wide usage in fiber-optic communications, where they permit transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data transfer rates) than electrical cables. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals travel along them with less loss and are immune to electromagnetic interference. Fibers are also used for illumination and imaging, and are often wrapped in bundles so they may be used to carry light into, or images out of confined spaces, as in the case of a fiberscope. Specially designed fibers are also used for a variety of other applications, such as fiber optic sensors and fiber lasers. Glass optical fibers are typically made by drawing, while plastic fibers can be made either by drawing or by extrusion. Optical fibers typically include a core surrounded by a transparent cladding material with a lower index ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DE-CIX
DE-CIX (Deutsche Commercial Internet Exchange) is an operator of carrier- and data-center-neutral Internet exchanges (IXs), with operations in Europe, North America, Africa, the Middle East, India and Southeast Asia. All DE-CIX activities and companies are brought together under the umbrella of the DE-CIX Group AG. The DE-CIX Internet exchange point (IXP) situated in Frankfurt, Germany, is one of the largest IXPs worldwide and the largest in Europe in terms of peak traffic, with throughput of 17.09 terabits per second (Tbit/s) in April 2024. In addition to DE-CIX in Frankfurt, DE-CIX operates IXPs in approximately 40 locations around the globe, with three further IXs exchanging peak traffic in excess of 1 Tbit/s, these being DE-CIX New York, DE-CIX Madrid, and DE-CIX Mumbai, with DE-CIX Mumbai becoming the largest IXP in the Asia-Pacific according to PeeringDB in 2021. Global partner IXs The DE-CIX global IXs (including presence in partner IXs) include: Europe: Barcelo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gbit/s
In telecommunications, data transfer rate is the average number of bits ( bitrate), characters or symbols ( baudrate), or data blocks per unit time passing through a communication link in a data-transmission system. Common data rate units are multiples of bits per second (bit/s) and bytes per second (B/s). For example, the data rates of modern residential high-speed Internet connections are commonly expressed in megabits per second (Mbit/s). Standards for unit symbols and prefixes Unit symbol The ISQ symbols for the bit and byte are ''bit'' and ''B'', respectively. In the context of data-rate units, one byte consists of 8 bits, and is synonymous with the unit octet. The abbreviation bps is often used to mean bit/s, so that when a ''1 Mbps'' connection is advertised, it usually means that the maximum achievable bandwidth is 1 Mbit/s (one million bits per second), which is 0.125 MB/s ( megabyte per second), or about 0.1192 MiB/s ( mebibyte per second). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DENIC
DENIC eG is the manager of the .de domain, the country-code top-level domain for Germany. It was founded in 1996 and is organised as a non-regulated not-for-profit cooperative. DENIC provides the Domain Name System (DNS) as well as registration and management services for .de and .9.4.e164.arpa ENUM. Besides the whois lookup service for .de domains, its portfolio further includes DNS anycast services for registries and data escrow services for both registries and registrars of the domain industry. The DENIC Cooperative has more than 300 members, 25 percent of them based in other countries than Germany. .de domains can be registered by any individual or legal entity In law, a legal person is any person or legal entity that can do the things a human person is usually able to do in law – such as enter into contracts, lawsuit, sue and be sued, ownership, own property, and so on. The reason for the term "''le ... worldwide. Next to managing the German namespace on the In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ICANN
The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN ) is a global multistakeholder group and nonprofit organization headquartered in the United States responsible for coordinating the maintenance and procedures of several databases related to the namespaces and numerical spaces of the Internet, ensuring the Internet's stable and secure operation. ICANN performs the actual technical maintenance work of the Central Internet Address pools and DNS root zone registries pursuant to the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) function contract. The contract regarding the IANA stewardship functions between ICANN and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) of the United States Department of Commerce ended on October 1, 2016, formally transitioning the functions to the global multistakeholder community. Much of its work has concerned the Internet's global Domain Name System (DNS), including policy development for internationalizatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Domain Name Registrar
A domain name registrar is a company, person, or office that manages the reservation of Internet domain names. A domain name registrar must be accredited by a generic top-level domain (gTLD) Domain name registry, registry or a country code top-level domain (ccTLD) registry. A registrar operates in accordance with the guidelines of the designated domain name registry, domain name registries. As of March 2024, there are 2,800 domain name registrars accredited by ICANN. History Creation The need for a central authority to assign or administer domain names emerged from collaboration among computer network pioneers as they created the Domain Name System in the 1980s. In a 1982 draft Request for Comments (RFC), editor Jonathan Postel proposed a "czar of domains." In her revisions of the draft, Jake Feinler crossed out "czar" and introduced the term "registrar." She designated the InterNIC, DOD Network Information Center, of which she was the head, as the registrar of top-level domai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch Auction
A Dutch auction is one of several similar types of auctions for buying or selling goods. Most commonly, it means an auction in which the auctioneer begins with a high offer price in the case of selling, and lowers it until some participant accepts the price, or it reaches a predetermined reserve price. This type of price auction is most commonly used for goods that are required to be sold quickly such as flowers, fresh produce, or tobacco. A Dutch auction has also been called a ''clock auction'' or ''open-outcry descending-price auction''. This type of auction shows the advantage of speed since a sale never requires more than one bid. It is strategically similar to a first-price sealed-bid auction. History Herodotus relates an account of a descending price auction in Babylon, suggesting that market mechanisms similar to Dutch auctions were used in ancient times. Descending-price auctions were used in 17th-century Holland for estate sales and paintings. The Dutch manner of au ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SSL Certificate
In cryptography, a public key certificate, also known as a digital certificate or identity certificate, is an electronic document used to prove the validity of a public key. The certificate includes the public key and information about it, information about the identity of its owner (called the subject), and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents (called the issuer). If the device examining the certificate trusts the issuer and finds the signature to be a valid signature of that issuer, then it can use the included public key to communicate securely with the certificate's subject. In email encryption, code signing, and e-signature systems, a certificate's subject is typically a person or organization. However, in Transport Layer Security (TLS) a certificate's subject is typically a computer or other device, though TLS certificates may identify organizations or individuals in addition to their core role in identifying devices. TLS, sometime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Domain Name
In the Internet, a domain name is a string that identifies a realm of administrative autonomy, authority, or control. Domain names are often used to identify services provided through the Internet, such as websites, email services, and more. Domain names are used in various networking contexts and for application-specific naming and addressing purposes. In general, a domain name identifies a network domain or an Internet Protocol (IP) resource, such as a personal computer used to access the Internet, or a server computer. Domain names are formed by the rules and procedures of the Domain Name System (DNS). Any name registered in the DNS is a domain name. Domain names are organized in subordinate levels ('' subdomains'') of the DNS root domain, which is nameless. The first-level set of domain names are the ''top-level domains'' (TLDs), including the ''generic top-level domains'' (gTLDs), such as the prominent domains com, info, net, edu, and org, and the ''country code t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Managed Dedicated Server
A dedicated hosting service, dedicated server, or managed hosting service is a type of Internet hosting in which the client leases an entire server not shared with anyone else. This is more flexible than shared hosting, as organizations have full control over the server(s), including choice of operating system, hardware, etc. There is also another level of dedicated or managed hosting commonly referred to as complex managed hosting. Complex managed hosting applies to both physical dedicated servers, hybrid server and virtual servers, with many companies choosing a hybrid (combination of physical and virtual) hosting solution. There are many similarities between standard and complex managed hosting but the key difference is the level of administrative and engineering support that the customer pays for – owing to both the increased size and complexity of the infrastructure deployment. The provider steps in to take over most of the management, including security, memory, stora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
