|
Hermannus Alemannus
Hermannus Alemannus (Latin for Herman the German) translated Arabic philosophy, Arabic philosophical works into Latin. He worked at the Toledo School of Translators around the middle of the thirteenth century (from approximately 1240 to 1256) and is almost certainly to be identified with the Hermannus who was bishop of Astorga (Spain), Astorga in León (province), León from 1266 until his death in 1272. Work His translations have been identified from prologues and Colophon (publishing), colophons in the surviving manuscripts, three of which are dated. They are: the Rhetoric (Aristotle), Rhetoric, comprising the almost complete text of Aristotle interspersed with portions of Averroes' middle commentary and short fragments from Avicenna and Alfarabi; the introductory section of Alfarabi's commentary on the Rhetoric; Averroes' middle commentary on the Nicomachean EthicsSee Fidora and Akasoy (Toledo, 1240); an Arabic epitome of the Ethics known as the ''Summa Alexandrinorum'' (1243 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin
Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area around Rome, Italy. Through the expansion of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language in the Italian Peninsula and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. It has greatly influenced many languages, Latin influence in English, including English, having contributed List of Latin words with English derivatives, many words to the English lexicon, particularly after the Christianity in Anglo-Saxon England, Christianization of the Anglo-Saxons and the Norman Conquest. Latin Root (linguistics), roots appear frequently in the technical vocabulary used by fields such as theology, List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names, the sciences, List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes, medicine, and List of Latin legal terms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicomachean Ethics
The ''Nicomachean Ethics'' (; , ) is Aristotle's best-known work on ethics: the science of the good for human life, that which is the goal or end at which all our actions aim. () It consists of ten sections, referred to as books, and is closely related to Aristotle's '' Eudemian Ethics''. The work is essential for the interpretation of Aristotelian ethics. The text centers upon the question of how to best live, a theme previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher. In Aristotle's ''Metaphysics'', he describes how Socrates, the friend and teacher of Plato, turned philosophy to human questions, whereas pre-Socratic philosophy had only been theoretical, and concerned with natural science. Ethics, Aristotle claimed, is ''practical'' rather than '' theoretical'', in the Aristotelian senses of these terms. It is not merely an investigation about what good consists of, but it aims to be of practical help in achieving the good. It is connected to another o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulletin De Philosophie Médiévale
The ''Bulletin de Philosophie Médiévale'' is an annual peer-reviewed open access academic journal of Medieval philosophy with a particular emphasis on unpublished works of medieval philosophy. it was established in 1959 and is published by Brepols under the auspices of the Société Internationale pour l'Étude de la Philosophie Médiévale ( SIEPM). Its editor is Alessandra Beccarisi. The journal is abstracted and indexed in Bibliography of British and Irish History, Dialnet, Index Islamicus, International Bibliography of Humanism and the Renaissance, International Medieval Bibliography, Répertoire bibliographique de philosophie, Scopus Scopus is a scientific abstract and citation database, launched by the academic publisher Elsevier as a competitor to older Web of Science in 2004. The ensuing competition between the two databases has been characterized as "intense" and is c ..., and elsewhere. It publishes articles in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Fidora
Alexander Fidora (Offenbach am Main, 1975), is a Catalan Professor of German origin. He is ICREA Research Professor of Philosophy and Medieval studies at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB). Education He obtained his Ph.D. in 2003 at the Department of Philosophy at Frankfurt University with a thesis on Dominicus Gundissalinus and 12th century epistemology. During the period 2003–2006, he directed in Frankfurt, together with Matthias Lutz-Bachmann, a research project on the history of philosophy during the 12th–14th centuries at the Collaborative Research Center from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) “Wissenskultur und gesellschaftlicher Wandel”. Teaching Until 2006, Alexander Fidora taught in the Philosophy Departament at Frankfurt University. In 2006, he became Research Professor at the ''Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats'' ( ICREA-Catalan Institute of Advanced Studies) in the Department of Ancient and Medieval Sciences of the Aut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press was the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted a letters patent by King Henry VIII in 1534, it was the oldest university press in the world. Cambridge University Press merged with Cambridge Assessment to form Cambridge University Press and Assessment under Queen Elizabeth II's approval in August 2021. With a global sales presence, publishing hubs, and offices in more than 40 countries, it published over 50,000 titles by authors from over 100 countries. Its publications include more than 420 academic journals, monographs, reference works, school and university textbooks, and English language teaching and learning publications. It also published Bibles, runs a bookshop in Cambridge, sells through Amazon, and has a conference venues business in Cambridge at the Pitt Building and the Sir Geoffrey Cass Sports and Social Centre. It also served as the King's Printer. Cambridge University Press, as part of the University of Cambridge, was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Pinborg
Jan Pinborg (1937–1982) was a renowned historian of medieval linguistics and philosophy of language, and the most famous member of the Copenhagen School of Medieval Philosophy pioneered by Heinrich Roos in the 1940s.Sten Ebbesen and Russell L. Friedman (1999), eds., ''Medieval Analyses in Language and Cognition'' Acts of the Symposium, the Copenhagen School of Medieval Philosophy, January 10–13, 1996, Organized by the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, and the Institute for Greek and Latin, University of Copenhagen, p 77. Pinborg was a pupil of Roos. Works * ''Die Entwicklung der Sprachtheorie im Mittelalter'', Münster: Aschendorff, 1967. * ''Logik und Semantik im Mittelalter: ein Überblick'', with an afterword by von Helmut Kohlenberger, Stuttgart, Bad Cannstatt: Frommann-Holzboog, 1972. (Italian translation: ''Logica e Semantica nel Medioevo'', Torino: Boringhieri, 1984.) * ''Medieval Semantics: Selected Studies on Medieval Logic and Grammar'', edited by St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthony Kenny
Sir Anthony John Patrick Kenny (born 16 March 1931) is a British philosopher whose interests lie in the philosophy of mind, ancient and scholastic philosophy, the philosophy of religion, and the philosophy of Wittgenstein of whose literary estate he is an executor. With Peter Geach, he has made a significant contribution to analytical Thomism, a movement whose aim is to present the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas in the style of analytic philosophy. He is a former president of the British Academy and the Royal Institute of Philosophy. Education and early career Kenny was born in Liverpool on 16 March 1931, the son of John and Margaret (Jones) Kenny. Kenny initially trained as a Roman Catholic priest at the Venerable English College, Rome, where he received a degree of Licentiate of Sacred Theology (STL) degree. He was ordained in 1955 and served as a curate in Liverpool (1959–63). Having received his DPhil from the University of Oxford ( St Benet's Hall) in 1961, he also wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norman Kretzmann
Norman J. Kretzmann (4 November 1928 – 1 August 1998) was an American philosopher at Cornell University. He specialised in the history of medieval philosophy and the philosophy of religion. Biography Kretzmann joined Cornell's Department of Philosophy in 1966. His work as a teacher and scholar was recognized in 1970, when he was appointed Chairman of the Department of Philosophy, and in 1977 when he was elected a Susan Linn Sage Professor of Philosophy by the University Board of Trustees. In 1992, he received a Graduate Teaching Award from the Northeastern Association of Graduate Deans for his excellence and creativity in the teaching of graduate students. He became a Susan Linn Sage Professor Emeritus in 1995. He published numerous books, articles, essays, and editions of medieval texts. He served as the principal editor of ''The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy'' (1982), and as an editor of the '' Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy''.Cornell UniversitMemoria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scholasticism
Scholasticism was a medieval European philosophical movement or methodology that was the predominant education in Europe from about 1100 to 1700. It is known for employing logically precise analyses and reconciling classical philosophy and Catholic Christianity. The Scholastics, also known as Schoolmen, utilized dialectical reasoning predicated upon Aristotelianism and the categories (Aristotle), Ten Categories. Scholasticism emerged within the monastic schools that translated medieval Judeo-Islamic philosophies (800–1400), Judeo-Islamic philosophies, and "rediscovered" the Corpus Aristotelicum, collected works of Aristotle. Endeavoring to harmonize Aristotle's metaphysics (Aristotle), metaphysics and Latin Catholic theology, these monastic schools became the basis of the earliest European medieval university, medieval universities, and thus became the bedrock for the development of History of science, modern science and Western philosophy, philosophy in the Western world. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medieval Philosophy
Medieval philosophy is the philosophy that existed through the Middle Ages, the period roughly extending from the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century until after the Renaissance in the 13th and 14th centuries. Medieval philosophy, understood as a project of independent philosophical inquiry, began in Baghdad, in the middle of the 8th century, and in France and Germany, in the itinerant court of Charlemagne in Aachen, in the last quarter of the 8th century. It is defined partly by the process of rediscovering the ancient culture developed in Greece and Rome during the Classical period, and partly by the need to address theological problems and to integrate sacred doctrine with secular learning. This is one of the defining characteristics in this time period. Understanding God was the focal point of study of the Jewish, Christian and Muslim Philosophers and Theologians. The history of medieval philosophy is traditionally divided into two main periods: the period ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poetics (Aristotle)
Aristotle's ''Poetics'' ( ''Peri poietikês''; ; ) is the earliest surviving work of Greek dramatic theory and the first extant philosophical treatise to solely focus on literary theory. In this text, Aristotle offers an account of , which refers to poetry, and more literally, "the poetic art", deriving from the term for "poet; author; maker", . Aristotle divides the art of poetry into verse drama (comedy, tragedy, and the satyr play), lyric poetry, and epic. The genres all share the function of mimesis, or imitation of life, but differ in three ways that Aristotle describes: # There are differences in music rhythm, harmony, meter, and melody. # There is a difference of goodness in the characters. # A difference exists in how the narrative is presented: telling a story or acting it out. The surviving book of ''Poetics'' is primarily concerned with drama; the analysis of tragedy constitutes the core of the discussion. Although the text is universally acknowledged in the West ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfarabi
thumbnail, 200px, Postage stamp of the USSR, issued on the 1100th anniversary of the birth of Al-Farabi (1975) Abu Nasr Muhammad al-Farabi (; – 14 December 950–12 January 951), known in the Latin West as Alpharabius, was an early Islamic philosopher and music theorist. He has been designated as "Father of Islamic Neoplatonism", and the "Founder of Islamic Political Philosophy". Al-Farabi's fields of philosophical interest included—but not limited to, philosophy of society and religion; philosophy of language and logic; psychology and epistemology; metaphysics, political philosophy, and ethics. He was an expert in both practical musicianship and music theory, and although he was not intrinsically a scientist, his works incorporate astronomy, mathematics, cosmology, and physics. Al-Farabi is credited as the first Muslim who presented philosophy as a coherent system in the Islamic world, and created a philosophical system of his own, which developed a philosophical sys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
