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Hellevoetsluis Dry Dock
Hellevoetsluis Dry Dock is a historic double dry dock in Hellevoetsluis, Netherlands. It was constructed between 1798 and 1822 under the direction of Jan Blanken, and was part of the former Rijkswerf Hellevoetsluis. The dock is one of the rare surviving double dry docks. It is a national monument, and is in operation as part of the maritime attraction 'Dry Dock Jan Blanken', (). History Hellevoetsluis and the need for a dry dock For a long time, Hellevoetsluis was a naval base for the Admiralty of Rotterdam. When the admiralties were disbanded in 1795, Hellevoetsluis became a base of the Dutch Navy. By that time the fortified town was essentially a large wet dock, a harbor were the tide was kept out by a lock door. This was very beneficial for the preservation of ships. However, from about 1700, ships had become significantly larger. In the late eighteenth century the Dutch had also been unable to ascertain a steady supply of good Scandinavean oak for ships. Both circumstance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hellevoetsluis
Hellevoetsluis () is a small city and municipality in the western Netherlands. It is located in Voorne-Putten, South Holland. The municipality covers an area of of which is water and it includes the population centres Nieuw-Helvoet, Nieuwenhoorn, and Oude en Nieuwe Struiten, all former municipalities. Hellevoetsluis is located on the Haringvliet with the sea, beach, and dunes close by, on the extreme southern edge of the Rijnmond and Europoort areas, close to the broad Zeeland landscape. The name translates as " lock at the foot of the Helle". The Helle was a small local river that disappeared over time. History The area has been settled since before Roman times and was concentrated around a body of water called the "Helle", which was later Latinized by the Romans to "''Helinium''" and "''Helius''". The name Hel(le) Voet, ''Helius' foot'' or "(land at) the lowest point of Helius", appears in documents from the 13th century and later, such as in 1395, when the Nieuw-Helv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amsterdam Ordnance Datum
Amsterdam Ordnance Datum or ' (NAP) is a vertical datum in use in large parts of Western Europe. Originally created for use in the Netherlands, its height was used by Prussia in 1879 for defining ', and in 1955 by other European countries. In the 1990s, it was used as the reference level for the United European leveling Network (UELN) which in turn led to the European Vertical Reference System (EVRS). Mayor Johannes Hudde of Amsterdam in a way came up with the idea after he expanded the sea dike after a flood in Amsterdam in 1675. Of course a dike should be storm-resistant to protect a city against flooding, and in this case a margin of "9 feet and 5 inches" (2.67 m - margin is defined in Amsterdam feet) was deemed enough to cope with rising water. So he measured the water level of the adjacent sea arm, ' and compared it with the water level in the canals within the city itself. He found that the water level at an average summer flood in the sea arm (when the water level rea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vlissingen Naval Base
Vlissingen Naval Base (Marine Etablissement Vlissingen) was a base for the Admiralty of Zeeland, and later the Dutch Navy. It has a number of major marine facilities of historic significance. It housed a shipyard for the Admiralty of Zeeland, and the national shipyard Rijkswerf Zeeland. Shipyard de Schelde would take over the grounds of the Rijkwerf, and still continues to build warships as Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding. Location of Vlissingen The location of Vlissingen on the mouth of the Schelde means that it can easily be reached by the biggest ships. Such was the case in the Middle Ages and this is still the case in the 21st century. What made Vlissingen a safe place for ships were the man-made facilities of the port. Large numbers of warships could lay in ordinary in the wet dock, and then be repaired either in the dry dock or on one of the slipways of the Rijkswerf. Facilities of the naval base at Vlissingen The Oosterhaven, the first dock The city walls of Vlissingen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willemsoord Dry Dock I
Willemsoord Dry Dock I is a historic dry dock in Willemsoord, Den Helder, Netherlands. It was constructed from 1813 till 1822, under the direction of Jan Blanken, and was part of the former Rijkswerf Willemsoord. Context Nieuwediep In 1781-1785 the harbor of Nieuwediep was created just east of Den Helder. It was meant for heavy warships, which had trouble reaching their home towns on the Zuiderzee. These home towns (like Amsterdam) vehemently opposed the construction of a competing harbor, and wanted Nieuwediep's function to remain strictly limited to harboring heavy warships. Nevertheless, from 1792 onward, some field fortifications were made to protect the harbor. A careening facility called or was also created. Here ships could enter at high tide, be put on their side at low tide and careen while a lock door prevented the flood from returning. The 1799 the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland led to the capture of the base at Nieuwediep and the surrender of the cornered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willemsoord, Den Helder
Willemsoord is a large former naval base of the Royal Netherlands Navy in Den Helder. It is now connected to the city center of Den Helder, and focuses on entertainment and tourism. Nieuwediep harbor: Origin of the naval base In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, it became increasingly difficult for big ships to regularly sail to the Dutch cities on the Zuiderzee. Many ships therefore anchored in the Roadstead of Texel, where a lot of transloading was done by small ships that anchored safely in the Nieuwediep. The Nieuwediep was a stretch of deep water close to the coast near what would later become Den Helder, and was well protected by a shoal. The importance of a safe base for the Dutch navy was stressed again by the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War. The Nieuwediep was an ideal location, but not deep enough for warships and East Indies ships. In August 1781 orders were given to deepen it. In order to achieve this, many dam were constructed, which guided the ebb flow thro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars. He was the ''de facto'' leader of the French Republic as First Consul from 1799 to 1804, then Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814 and again in 1815. Napoleon's political and cultural legacy endures to this day, as a highly celebrated and controversial leader. He initiated many liberal reforms that have persisted in society, and is considered one of the greatest military commanders in history. His wars and campaigns are studied by militaries all over the world. Between three and six million civilians and soldiers perished in what became known as the Napoleonic Wars. Napoleon was born on the island of Corsica, not long aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frigate
A frigate () is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied somewhat. The name frigate in the 17th to early 18th centuries was given to any full-rigged ship built for speed and maneuverability, intended to be used in scouting, escort and patrol roles. The term was applied loosely to ships varying greatly in design. In the second quarter of the 18th century, the 'true frigate' was developed in France. This type of vessel was characterised by possessing only one armed deck, with an unarmed deck below it used for berthing the crew. Late in the 19th century (British and French prototypes were constructed in 1858), armoured frigates were developed as powerful ironclad warships, the term frigate was used because of their single gun deck. Later developments in ironclad ships rendered the frigate designation obsolete and the term fell out of favour. During the Second World War the name 'frigate' was reintroduced to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boulton And Watt
Boulton & Watt was an early British engineering and manufacturing firm in the business of designing and making marine and stationary steam engines. Founded in the English West Midlands around Birmingham in 1775 as a partnership between the English manufacturer Matthew Boulton and the Scottish engineer James Watt, the firm had a major role in the Industrial Revolution and grew to be a major producer of steam engines in the 19th century. The engine partnership The partnership was formed in 1775 to exploit Watt's patent for a steam engine with a separate condenser. This made much more efficient use of its fuel than the older Newcomen engine. Initially the business was based at the Soho Manufactory near Boulton's Soho House on the southern edge of the then-rural parish of Handsworth. However most of the components for their engines were made by others, for example the cylinders by John Wilkinson. In 1795, they began to make steam engines themselves at their Soho Foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haringvlietdam
The Haringvliet sluices are a construction that closed off the estuary of the Haringvliet, Netherlands, as part of the Delta Works. The structure consists of 17 sluices, several kilometres of dam and a shipping lock. The northernmost of the Delta Works, it was supposed to be finished by 1968 as the first part of the project. Building started in 1957 and was finished in 1971. Instead of damming the estuary it was decided to build sluices in order to be able to let in salt water to prevent freezing of the rivers Meuse and Rhine The Rhine ; french: Rhin ; nl, Rijn ; wa, Rén ; li, Rien; rm, label=Sursilvan, Rein, rm, label=Sutsilvan and Surmiran, Ragn, rm, label=Rumantsch Grischun, Vallader and Puter, Rain; it, Reno ; gsw, Rhi(n), including in Alsatian dialect, Al ... and to drain these rivers in case of flood. The sluices have two doors each of which the door on the sea side is the lowest. This has been done to mitigate the effect of the waves on the doors and the constr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HNLMS Buffel
HNLMS ''Buffel'' is a 19th-century ironclad ram ship. She was one of the main attractions of the Maritime Museum Rotterdam, also known as the Prince Hendrik Museum, named after its founder, Prince Henry (Hendrik) "The Navigator", who had a naval career and established the basis of the museum back in 1874. In October 2013 the ship moved to Hellevoetsluis and is again open for public. Construction and design Built in 1868 by Robert Napier and Sons in Glasgow, Scotland, HNLMS ''Buffel'' was the first ship of the Royal Netherlands Navy without sails but with a steam engine and two propellers, that gave her a maximum speed of almost . Her radius of action at was about . Her main task as an armor-clad ram ship was to play a role in the Dutch coastal defense together with two sister ships and two monitors. Her armament was first of all the ram on her bow, mainly against wooden ships, and originally two , Armstrong guns, with a total weight of 25 metric tons, in one turret. Thes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caisson (lock Gate)
A caisson is a form of lock gate. It consists of a large floating iron or steel box. This can be flooded to seat the caisson in the opening of the dock to close it, or pumped dry to float it and allow it to be towed clear of the dock. Chevron gates Most locks are closed by chevron or mitre gates rather than by caissons. These are pairs of hinged gates that form a "V" shape, with the deeper water outside the V. Water pressure thus holds them closed. These gates can be opened and closed quickly, so they are used for canal locks, to change levels, and also for most freight docks. As the function of a freight dock is to ''enclose'' deep water, such gates point inwards. A graving or dry dock, in contrast, ''excludes'' water, and so their gates point outwards. Hinged gates are relatively complicated, and so expensive, to construct. Large gates require powered machinery to operate them, machinery that must be provided for each set of gates. Chevron gates can also only resist deep w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
